Umeri, Andrea & Kuku, Titilayo & Scuor, Nicola & Sergo, Valter. (2008). Raman investigation of the ageing of Ni-BaTiO3 multilayer ceramic capacitors. Journal of Materials Science. 43. 922-926. 10.1007/s10853-007-2215-4. Ni-BaTiO3 multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) have been aged at 121°C and 100% Relative Humidity for 2,600h. Raman and energy dispersive
spectral measurements have been made on both aged and unaged samples. Raman spectra indicate the presence of a coating of
substoichiometric SnO
x 
(1<x<2) in the aged samples. Morphological and elemental changes occurring in the MLCC were examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Preliminary, frequency dependent dielectric measurements indicate that ageing
causes a substantial decrease (about 50%) of the capacitance, even if only surfaces are affected by the ageing phenomenon.