ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Association between maternal socioeconomic factors, decision-making status, and dental utilization by children with early childhood caries in sub-urban Nigeria

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan MO, FWACS,

Corresponding Author

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan MO, FWACS

toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk

orcid.org/0000-0002-9008-7730

Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria

Correspondence

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Tel.: +234 7062920394; e-mail: toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk. Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan and Micheal Alade are with Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex. Abiola Adeniyi is with Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos State University College of Medicine. Maha El Tantawi is with Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University. Tracy L. Finlayson is with School of Public Health, San Diego State University.

Search for more papers by this author

Micheal Alade BChD,

Micheal Alade BChD

Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria

Search for more papers by this author

Abiola Adeniyi FMCDS,

Abiola Adeniyi FMCDS

Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria

Search for more papers by this author

Maha El Tantawi PhD,

Maha El Tantawi PhD

orcid.org/0000-0003-4989-6584

Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Search for more papers by this author

Tracy L. Finlayson PhD,

Tracy L. Finlayson PhD

School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA, San Diego

Search for more papers by this author

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan MO, FWACS,

Corresponding Author

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan MO, FWACS

toyinukpong@yahoo.co.uk

orcid.org/0000-0002-9008-7730

Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria

Correspondence

Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Search for more papers by this author

Micheal Alade BChD,

Micheal Alade BChD

Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria

Search for more papers by this author

Abiola Adeniyi FMCDS,

Abiola Adeniyi FMCDS

Department of Child Dental Health, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria

Search for more papers by this author

Maha El Tantawi PhD,

Maha El Tantawi PhD

orcid.org/0000-0003-4989-6584

Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

Search for more papers by this author

Tracy L. Finlayson PhD,

Tracy L. Finlayson PhD

School of Public Health, San Diego State University, CA, San Diego

Search for more papers by this author

First published: 07 July 2020

https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12383

Citations: 4

Share a link

Get access to the full version of this article. View access options below.

Institutional Login

Access through your institution

Log in to Wiley Online Library

If you have previously obtained access with your personal account, please log in.

Purchase Instant Access

48-Hour online access $12.00

Details
- View the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours.
- Article/Chapter can not be printed.
- Article/Chapter can not be downloaded.
- Article/Chapter can not be redistributed.

Online-only access $20.00

Details
- Unlimited viewing of the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures.
- Article/Chapter can not be printed.
- Article/Chapter can not be downloaded.
- Article/Chapter can not be redistributed.

PDF download and online access $49.00

Details
- Unlimited viewing of the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures.
- Article/chapter can be printed.
- Article/chapter can be downloaded.
- Article/chapter can not be redistributed.

Check out

Abstract

Aim

To determine the association between maternal education, income, and decision-making status and the presence of early childhood caries (ECC) and dental-service utilization among young children.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was based on data from a household survey of 1,549 mother-preschool-aged-child dyads conducted in Ife Central Local Government Area, Nigeria. The explanatory variables were maternal education, income, and decision-making status (related to healthcare, large household purchases, and visits to family/relatives). Outcome variables were the presence of ECC and the child's history of dental-service utilization. Poisson regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with outcomes; the models were adjusted for maternal age, child's socioeconomic status, oral hygiene status, and frequency of sugar consumption.

Results

The study recruited 1,549 mother–child dyads, of which 66 (4.3 percent) children had ECC, and 90 (5.9 percent) children had a history of dental-service utilization. Fewer than half (42.3 percent) of the mothers earned between N18,001($49.00) and 60,000 ($168.00) per month. Also, 896 (57.8 percent) reported not making any independent decisions, 152 (9.8 percent) made one of three decisions independently, and 313 (20.2 percent) made two or three decisions independently. In the adjusted model, children of mothers with monthly income higher than N60,000 were more likely to have used dental services than were those whose mother's monthly income was less than or equal to N18,000 (adjusted prevalence ratio = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.30–4.02; P = 0.004). No other maternal factor was associated with ECC.

Conclusions

Although maternal socioeconomic factors and decision-making abilities were not associated with ECC prevalence, more preschool children whose mothers had high income used dental services.

Conflicts of interest

All authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

1Drury TF, Horowitz AM, Ismail AI, Maertens MP, Rozier RG, Selwitz RH. Diagnosing and reporting early childhood caries for research purposes. A report of a workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, the Health Resources and Services Administration, and the health care financing administration. J Public Health Dent. 1999; 59: 192–7.
2Folayan MO, El Tantawi M, Sabbah W, Ramos-Gomez F. Edtorial: country profile of the epidemiology and clinical management of early childhood caries. Front Public Health. 2020; 8: 41. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00141.
3Finlayson TL, Siefert K, Ismail AI, Sohn W. Maternal self-efficacy and 1–5-year-old children's brushing habits. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2007; 35(4): 272–81.
4Bonanato K, Paiva S, Pordeus I, Ramos-Jorge M, Barbabela D, Allison P. Relationship between mothers' sense of coherence and oral health status of preschool children. Caries Res. 2009; 43: 103–9.
5Gavic L, Tadin A, Mihanovic I, Gorseta K, Cigic L. The role of parental anxiety, depression, and psychological stress level on the development of early-childhood caries in children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018; 28: 616–23.
6Bhardwaj SV, Bhardwaj A. Early childhood caries and its correlation with maternal education level and socio-economic status. J Orofacial Sci. 2014; 6(1): 53.
7Peltzer K, Mongkolchati A. Severe early childhood caries and social determinants in three-year-old children from northern Thailand: a birth cohort study. BMC Oral Health. 2015; 15(1):108.
8Junior d S, VE dSR, Oliveira MC, de Caldas Junior AF, Rosenblatt A. Early childhood caries and its relationship with perinatal, socioeconomic and nutritional risks: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health. 2014; 14:47.
9Azevedo MS, Romano AR, Correa MB, IdSd S, Cenci MS. Evaluation of a feasible educational intervention in preventing early childhood caries. Braz Oral Res. 2015; 29(1): 1–8.
10Arrow P, Raheb J, Miller M. Brief oral health promotion intervention among parents of young children to reduce early childhood dental decay. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13(1):245.
11Ahmed S, Creanga AA, Gillespie DG, Tsui AO. Economic status, education and empowerment: implications for maternal health service utilization in developing countries. PLoS One. 2010; 5(6):e11190.
12Hendrick CE, Marteleto L. Maternal household decision-making autonomy and adolescent education in Honduras. Popul Res Policy Rev. 2017; 36(3): 415–39.
13Osamor P, Grady C. Factors associated with Women's health care decision-making autonomy: empirical evidence from Nigeria. J Biosoc Sci. 2018; 50(1): 70–85.
14Princewill CW, Jegede AS, Nordström K, Lanre-Abass B, Elger BS. Factors affecting women's autonomous decision making in research participation amongst Yoruba women of Western Nigeria. Dev World Bioeth. 2017; 17(1): 40–9.
15Ghose B, Feng D, Tang S, Yaya S, He Z, Udenigwe O, Ghosh S, Feng Z. Women's decision-making autonomy and utilisation of maternal healthcare services: results from the Bangladesh demographic and health survey. BMJ Open. 2017; 7(9):e017142.
16Mansoori S, Mehta A, Ansari MI. Factors associated with Oral health related quality of life of children with severe -early childhood caries. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res. 2019; 9(3): 222–5.
17Rai NK, Tiwari T. Parental factors influencing the development of early childhood caries in developing nations: a systematic review. Front Public Health. 2018; 6(64): 1–8.
18Lagerweij M, Van Loveren C. Declining caries trends: are we satisfied? Curr Oral Health Rep. 2015; 2(4): 212–7.
19Riggs E, Kilpatrick N, Slack-Smith L, Chadwick B, Yelland J, Muthu MS, Gomersall JC. Interventions with pregnant women, new mothers and other primary caregivers for preventing early childhood caries. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019; 20(11). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012155.pub2.
20Araoye MO. Research methodology with statistics for health and social sciences, Vol. 115. Ilorin: Nathadex Publisher; 2003. p. 25–120.
21Folayan MO, Kolawole KA, Oziegbe EO, Oyedele T, Oshomoji OV, Chukwumah NM, Onyejaka N. Prevalence, and early childhood caries risk indicators in preschool children in suburban Nigeria. BMC Oral Health. 2015; 15(72): 1–12.
22 UNESCO Report. Guide to the analysis and use of household survey and census education data. 2004. Available from: http://www.uis.unesco.org/Library/Documents/hhguide04-en.pdf. AccessedJuly 17, 2018.
23Olusanya O, Okpere E, Ezimokhai M. The importance of social class in voluntary fertility control in a developing country. West Afr J Med. 1985; 4(4): 205–12.
24Folayan MO, Idehen EE, Ufomata D. The effect of sociodemographic factors on dental anxiety in children seen in a suburban Nigerian hospital. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2003; 13: 20–6.
25 Guide to DHS Statistics DHS-7. Women's empowerment: participation in decision-making. Available from: https://dhsprogram.com/data/Guide-to-DHS-Statistics/index.htm#t=Participation_in_Decision_Making.htm. Accessed April 12, 2020.
26Khami MR, Virtanen JI, Jafarian M, Murtomaa H. Oral health behaviour and its determinants amongst Iranian dental students. Eur J Dent Educ. 2007; 11: 42–7.
27Greene JG, Vermillion JR. The simplified oral hygiene index. J Am Dent Assoc. 1964; 68(1): 7–13.
28 World Health Organisation (WHO). Oral health surveys: basic methods, 5th ed. Geneva: WHO; 2013.
29Ola DO, Gambôa ABO, Folayan MO, Marcene W. Family structure, socio-economic position and oral health services utilisation in Nigerian senior secondary school pupils. J Public Health Dent. 2013; 73: 158–65. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-7325.2012.00362.x.
30Folayan MO, Ozeigbe E, Oyedele T, Ola D. Factors limiting dental service utilization by pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Nigeria J Health Sci. 2013; 13(2): 18–23.
31Onyejaka N, Folayan MO, Folaranmi N. Barriers and facilitators of dental service utilisation by children age 8-11 in Enugu state, Nigeria. BMC Health Serv Res. 2016; 16(1):93. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-016-1341-6.
32Rahman MM, Saima U, Goni MA. Impact of maternal household decision-making autonomy on child nutritional status in Bangladesh. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2015; 27(5): 509–20.3030.
33Babalola S. Determinants of the uptake of the full dose of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccines (DPT3) in northern Nigeria: a multilevel analysis. Matern Child Health J. 2009; 13(4): 550–8.
34Singh K, Haney E, Olorunsaiye C. Maternal autonomy and attitudes towards gender norms: associations with childhood immunization in Nigeria. Matern Child Health J. 2013; 17(5): 837–41.
35Anil S, Anand PS. Early childhood caries: prevalence, risk factors, and prevention. Front Pediatr. 2017; 5: 1–7.
36Rai NK, Tiwari T. Parental factors influencing the development of early childhood caries in developing nations: a systematic review. Front Public Health. 2018; 6: 64.
37Nigatu D, Gebremariam A, Abera M, Setegn T, Deribe K. Factors associated with women's autonomy regarding maternal and child health care utilization in bale zone: a community based cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health. 2014; 14(1):79.
38Woldemicael G. Do women with higher autonomy seek more maternal health care? Evidence from Eritrea and Ethiopia. Health Care Women Int. 2010; 31(7): 599–620.
39Olatosi OO, Onyejaka NK, Oyapero A, Ashaolu JF, Abe A. Age and reasons for first dental visit among children in Lagos, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2019; 26(3): 158–63.
40Aregbesola B. Towards universal primary health care in Nigeria. Socialprotection.org. 2019. Available from: https://socialprotection.org/discover/blog/towards-universal-primary-health-care-nigeria. Accessed 12 April, 2020.
41Aregbeshola BS, Khan SM. Predictors of enrolment in the National Health Insurance Scheme among Women of reproductive age in Nigeria. Int J Health Policy Manag. 2018; 7(11): 1015–23.
42Adeniyi AA, Sofola OO, Kalliecharan RV. An appraisal of the oral health care system in Nigeria. Int Dent J. 2012; 62: 292–300.
43 UNDP Nigeria. MPI - more Nigerians are multidimensionally poor than a decade before 2017. 2019 Available from: https://www.ng.undp.org/content/nigeria/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2019/new-data-challenges-traditional-notions-of-rich-and-poor-.html. Accessed April 12, 2020.

Citing Literature

Volume80, Issue4

Fall 2020

Pages 288-296

Metrics

Citations: 4

Details

Check for updates

Keywords

Publication History

Issue Online: 11 December 2020
Version of Record online: 07 July 2020
Manuscript accepted: 31 May 2020
Manuscript revised: 15 April 2020
Manuscript received: 26 October 2019

Association between maternal socioeconomic factors, decision-making status, and dental utilization by children with early childhood caries in sub-urban Nigeria

References