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Open Access
Farmer-herder crisis and food security in South western, Nigeria
(Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Femi, Joesph Adeyanju
The study investigated the causes of farmer-herder crisis in Southwestern Nigeria. It also examined the effects of farmer-herders crisis on food security in the study area and examined the challenges of mitigating farmers-herders crisis in relation to food security in the study area. These were with a view to providing information on how farmer-herders crisis could be resolved to enhance food security in Southwestern Nigeria.
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Open Access
Rotating Savings Credit Associations and Performance of Small-scale Entreprises in Osun State, Nigeria
(Department of Management and Accounting, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) Soremekun, Mary Omowunmi
The study examined the effects of Rotating Savings Credit Associations (ROSCA) on the performance of SSEs in Osun State. The specific objectives of the study were to examine the level of adoption of ROSCA among SSEs in Osun State; it evaluated the effects of ROSCA on the performance of SSEs in Osun state and lastly it assessed the challenges faced in the operation and adoption of ROSCA in Osun State. The study adopted descriptive research design. Primary data were collected on the effect of ROSCA on the performance of SSEs in Southwestern part of Nigeria through the use of a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire were administered among those SSEs participating in ROSCA after a semi-structured interview was conducted to help elicit prior information for the design of the questionnaire and to give a background analysis of what is obtainable among the operators. The population for this study comprises SSEs that involve in ROSCA. Being majorly an informal setting. Consequently, purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 384 SSEs. The samples were collected from three major towns in Osun State; namely. Ile-Ife, Ilesa and Osogbo. Data collected were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics. The result showed that ROSCA was used among SSEs. The result on the level of adoption showed 74.5% high level of adoption, 24.5% moderate level of adoption and 1.0% low level of adoption. Also result indicated a strong correlation between ROSCA adoption and performance of SSEs. ROSCA adoption had a significant relationship (t = 3.86, p< 0.005) on the performance of SSEs, prominent of which were its use for insurance of their businesses (t=4.387, β= 0.542, ρ =0.000) and restocking their wares (t = 2.924, β = 0.517, ρ = 0.004). Some challenges encountered by the associations ranked on a 5-point rating were low attendance at meetings (39.8%; 𝑥̅= 2.88), mismanagement of funds, and theft (38.8%, 𝑥̅= 2.71) among others. The study found out that ROSCA was a more preferred means of assessing funds compared to formal financial institutions (Banks). The study concluded that rotating savings credit associations have a positive effect on the performance of small-scale enterprise in Osun State.
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Open Access
Factors associated with the utilisation of malaria preventive services during pregnancy in primary healthcare facilities in Ile Ife, Nigeria.
(Department of Community Health, Faculty of Clinical Sciences Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) NTIENO Inayangudo Gideon
The study assessed the knowledge and level of utilisation of malaria preventive services during pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in primary healthcare facilities in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It also explored the factors affecting utilisation of malaria preventive services during pregnancy among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in primary health facilities in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. These were with the view to providing information on factors influencing utilisation of malaria preventive services during pregnancy among pregnant women in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional descriptive survey that employed mixed (quantitative and qualitative) data collection methods. A multistage sampling method was used to select 200 pregnant women from ten healthcare facilities in Ile-Ife for the quantitative survey. Also, two healthcare facilities each from Ife East and Ife Central LGAs were selected for the qualitative survey. The research instrument for the quantitative survey was a client exit questionnaire. This was used to assess the knowledge, level of utilisation and barriers to utilisation to of malaria preventive services. Focused group discussion and key informant interview were employed for the qualitative survey. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20, while qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and analysed using thematic analysis. Values of p less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. About one-third (34%) of pregnant women had good knowledge of malaria preventive services. The majority (62.5%) of the respondents owned long-lasting insecticide nets (LLINs), with only 47.5% of them sleeping under a LLIN the night before the survey. The highest proportion of women who used LLIN a night before the survey were between the ages of 30 and 34 years, and this was statistically significant (χ2 =10.70, p = 0.04). Similarly, the proportion of multigravida women who owned LLIN was statistically significantly high(χ2=10.48, p = 0.01). Furthermore, 50.8% of the respondents received at least one dose of IPTp-SP after booking for ANC, with only 7% receiving three doses of IPTp-SP. More (27.7%) multigravida women took at least one dose of IPTp-SP, and this was statistically significant (χ2 =5.76, p=0.02). The use of IPTp-SP was significantly higher (χ2=8.52, p = 0.01) among respondents with good knowledge of malaria preventive services. From the qualitative study, factors identified to influence utilisation of malaria preventive services include lack of stock of LLINs and IPTp-SP, lack of money, poor knowledge on the importance of IPTp-SP and LLINs, spouse's decision, adverse effects of IPTp and LLINs, and poor ANC attendance. The study concluded that both knowledge and utilisation of malaria preventive services were low among pregnant women. Stock-out of malaria preventive commodities and personal factors such as age and gravidity were observed to influence utilization of these services
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Open Access
The Dynamics and thermondynamics of the atamosphere over west Africa during the west African monsoon experiment of 1979
(Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1990) JEGEDE, Oluwabgemiga Oluwale
The major objectives of this research were to evaluate both the motion and thermodynamic fields for the atmosphere over West Africa, and to relate these quantities to the weather patterns during the West African Monsoon Experiment (WAMEX) of 1979. The results obtained here have made significant contributions to the synoptic-scale (with typical horizontal length scale (1000km) circulation patterns and atmospheric energetics over the sub-region during a particular monsoon season.
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Open Access
Analytical solution of heat transfer problems with generalised Arrhenius reaction rate in three symmetric geometries
(Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) ADEBOWALE, Folashade Bolanle
This study formulated the one-dimensional thermal balance equation for a a chemical substance at rest in three geometries under constant surface temperature and newtonian cooling obtained analytical solution of the formulated thermal balance equation under realistic condition and examined the effects of constant surface temperature . the exponent of the pre exponential factor and biot number on criticality and transition .these were with a view to generalizing existing works in the literature on thermal explosion, criticality and transition