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Open Access
Isolation, biocontrol potential and Genomic healthy characterization of cyuclic lipopeptide-producing bacteria isolated from capsicum annum Root
(Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) AGHUGHU, Michael Ewanlen
This study isolated fungi from wilted pepper tissues of Capsicum chinense, obtained bacteria from the root of healthy Capsicum annuum plants and characterized both by molecular methods. It also investigated the direct antagonism potential of the isolated bacteria and their cyclic lipopeptides against the fungal pathogens. The sturdy further characterized genes responsible for cyclic lipopeptides production, other traits, and the antagonistic potential of the bacteria. These were with a view to providing information on the biological control efficacy of the rhizospheric bacteria against fungal pathogens of wilted pepper. Fungi were isolated from the wilted roots and stem regions of C. chinense, and identified through the sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region; while bacteria were isolated from the healthy C. annuum roots, and characterized by 16S rRNA sequencing. CLP was extracted from isolated bacteria and the direct effect of the crude CLP at concentrations of 50, 25, 10, and 5 µg/mL on the fungal isolates was investigated in vitro. The in vitro plant growth promotion potential of the bacteria in this study was evaluated. The in vivo plant growth promotion traits and biocontrol potential of the bacteria were determined using potting soil supplemented with 1.5x10⁸ CFU/g of the bacteria. The genome of the bacteria of choice was sequenced and analyzed. The isolated fungi from the wilted C. chinense plants were all identified as Trichoderma species. Out of the six bacteria isolated from the healthy C. annuum, LPb1-3 had significant antagonistic effects on all the fungal isolates in a Petri dish assay and was identified as Enterobacter cloacae. The diameter of zones of inhibition (mm) of Enterobacter cloacaeLPb1-3 against the fungal pathogens was highest against Trichoderma erinaceum GP6(12.00), Trichoderma asperellum GP3 (11.00) and Trichoderma atroviride GP8 (8.00); xxand least against Trichoderma sp. GP7 (5.00) and Trichoderma atroviride WP4 (5.00), respectively. CLP produced by E. cloacae LPb1-3 had a direct effect on the fungi isolates at all tested concentrations, with the highest diameter of zones of inhibition of 11.33 mm at 25 µg/mL against T. asperellum GP3, and values of 16.67, 10.67, 10.33 and 9.00 mm at 50 µg/mL against Trichoderma sp. GP7, T. erinaceum GP6, T. atroviride WP4 and T.atroviride GP8, respectively. It caused structural damages such as extensive branching, coiling, blackening of the hyphal edge, hyphal digestion, hyphal breakage, hyphal leakage, and vacuolization, to the respective fungal hyphae. E. cloacae LPb1-3 showed successful phosphate solubilization and ammonia production, which could be responsible for the significant improvement in the shoot height, shoot weight and root weight of C. chinense. Interestingly, E. cloacae LPb1-3 reduced the disease severity caused by T. atroviride GP8, T. asperellum GP3 and T. erinaceum GP6 by 55%, 45% and 27%, respectively on C. chinense. Analysis of the bacterium’s genome confirmed the identity of LPb1-3 as Enterobacter cloacae and revealed genes coding for some pivotal secondary metabolites such as NI-siderophore, ladderane, aryl polyene, thiopeptide, and NRP-metallophore. The study concluded that Enterobacter cloacae LPb1-3 and its CLP efficiently suppressed the mycelial growth of pathogenic Trichoderma strains isolated from C. chinense in direct antagonism assays in vitro. It also improved C. chinense growth and its resilience against the pathogenic Trichoderma strains in vivo
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Open Access
A study of Mentoring in Real Estate Practice in Northwestern Nigeria
(Department of Estate Managment, Falculty of Environment Design and Management, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria, 2023) ISHAYA, David Ayock
This study examined the profiles of estate surveying and valuation (ESV) firms in Northwestern Nigeria as well as the skills and competencies lacking of employees in ESV firms in the study area; assessed the mentoring strategies employed by ESV firms in the study area; analysed the effectiveness of the mentoring strategies; and determined the factors influencing the effectiveness of the mentoring strategies employed by the ESV firms in the study area. These were with a view to providing information that could enhance real estate practice. Primary data was employed for the study. The data was obtained from ESV firms practicing in Kano and Kaduna states using a mixed research method involving the use of questionnaires and interviews. A total enumeration survey was carried out on all the 40 and 80 ESV firms in Kano and Kaduna states respectively. Interviews were conducted with three senior surveyors in Kano and seven in Kaduna states. Data collected from the ESV firms included their profiles, mentoring strategies, employee skills and competencies and factors influencing mentoring effectiveness. The information obtained were analysed using frequency and percentage, mean rating, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), independent t-test, and Principal Component Analysis. The findings showed that the employees were mostly HND holders (47.01%), while 98% of the respondents were male. More so, majority of the respondents held senior managerial positions with 21% and 84% being Head of Departments Kaduna and Kano states respectively. The results further showed that based on a 5-point Likert scale, risk-taking propensity (MS = 3.64) is the most ranked skills and competencies lacking among employees in ESV firms. Traditional mentoring with response frequency of 88.6% and 92.0 % in Kaduna and Kano states respectively was found as the predominant form of mentoring adopted by ESV firms in the study area. The mentoring strategies adopted by ESV firms xi, xii differed. In Kaduna State, the most commonly employed strategies were encouragement, feedback and participation with mean scores of 2.96, 1.64 and 3.25 respectively; whereas in Kano State, the most used mentoring strategy was conversation (MS = 4.78). With mean scores of 4.74, 4.70, 4.48, 4.30, and 4.17, building trust, emotional support, orientation, experience sharing, and encouragement respectively were the most effective forms of mentoring strategies employed by ESV firms in the study area. Using principal component analysis, the major determinants of the effectiveness of mentoring by the ESV firms are cultural beliefs, individual traits, and the gender of both mentors and mentees with mean scores of 3.26, 3.69 and 2.78 respectively. The study concluded that mentoring in real estate practice in the study areas is not formalized and that its effectiveness is greatly influenced by cultural beliefs, individual traits, and gender factors.
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Open Access
LOGISTICS OUTSOURCING AND PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING COMPANIES IN SOUTHWESTERN NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENTAND ACCOUNTING, FACULTY OF ADMINISTRATION , OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE-IFE., 2022) SAKA Adesina Nurain,
ABSTRACT The study evaluated the extent of logistics outsourcing practices among manufacturing companies in Southwestern Nigeria, determined the effect of efficiency of logistics outsourcing on output of the selected manufacturing companies, and examined the effect of logistics outsourcing on operational performance of the selected manufacturing companies in Southwestern Nigeria. These were with a view to providing information on the effect of logistics outsourcing on operational performance of the selected manufacturing companies in Southwestern, Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Primary data on variables such as haulage, storage and facility/asset managements and operational performance were obtained through the administration of questionnaire to respondents. The population of the study comprised six hundred and twenty (620) senior managers, middle level officers and supervisors who were employees of the selected food manufacturing companies in Lagos, Oyo and Ogun states Southwestern, Nigeria. Sample size of two hundred and sixty (260) employees of manufacturing companies in South western, Nigeria were selected for the study using Taro Yamane’s formula. Data obtained for the study were analysed using tables, percentages and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The Results showed that logistics outsourcing practices such as transportation management (𝑥̅= 4.00); storage management (𝑥̅= 4.11); and facility/asset management (𝑥̅= 4.39) were averagely high among manufacturing firms in the Southwestern, Nigeria. The result also revealed that efficient logistics outsourcing (t = 31.977, p < 0.05) had significant effect on productivity of manufacturing companies in the Southwestern, Nigeria. Lastly, the result revealed that logistics outsourcing (t = 10.875, p < 0.05) had significant effect on operational performance of the selected manufacturing companies in Southwestern, Nigeria. The study concluded that logistics outsourcing enhanced performance of manufacturing companies
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Open Access
Psychological correlates and management of eating disorders among female undergraduates of Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
(Department of Psychology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 2014) Adebimpe, Oluwafisayo Ajiun
The study determined the prevalence of eating disorder and identified the types of eating disorders common among female undergraduates in Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. The study also examined the influence of body image , fear of negative evaluation, religiosity and general psychopathology on the prevalence of eating disorders in the study population. Furthermore the study established the efficacy of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) in the treatment of eating disorders. This was with the view of determining the best techniques of diagnosing and managing disorders among young adults.
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Open Access
ANALYSIS OF LANDUSE/COVER CHANGE IN OMOTOSHO FOREST RESERVE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY., 2022) SUNDAY SEFUNMI ADEFUNRIN
This study identified land use/cover in Omotosho Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, and analysed changing pattern of land use/cover in the forest reserve. It also measured the extent of forest loss to different land uses, and examined the drivers of land use change in the forest reserve. These are with the view to determining the extent of forest degradation in the forest reserve. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and used primary and secondary datasets. The primary data included the coordinates of selected features (settlements, rivers and rocks) in the forest reserve, and these were obtained using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS). They also included the responses of 36 Key Informants (six purposively selected adults (aged > 30 years) persons from six settlements around forest reserve). The secondary data were Landsat ETM+ 2000, Landsat OLI 2010, Sentinel 2015 and Sentinel 2020 satellite images of the study area. The satellite imageries were first processed and georeferenced using the coordinate values of the selected features, before they were analysed using remote sensing and Geographical Information Science procedures in ArcGIS (10.4 version). Derived values from the analysis were analysed using frequency and percentage distribution techniques. Responses of the key informants were analysed using content analysis. The results showed that the identified dominant land use/cover in the study area were dense forest (29,727 ha), shrubs (14,348 ha), farmland (13,462 ha), settlements (8,252 ha), open spaces (3,014 ha) and water bodies (699 ha). Results also showed that while farmland increased in area cover between the period of study (from 9,247 ha – 13,462 ha), areas covered by settlements also increased (from 4,718 ha – 8,252 ha), open spaces increased in area covered from (984 ha – 3,014 ha) and scrubs increased from 10,108 ha – 14,348 ha), amount of