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Open Access
Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020-10-17T00:00:00Z) Other authors, see article; Morenike O. Afolayan
In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries.
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Decision making and public polytechnic administration in osun state.
(Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2024) FADEJI Joseph Adebayo
This study assessed the existing decision-making mechanism on public polytechnic administration in Osun State, it also examined the influence of decision-making mechanism on public polytechnic administration in the study area and analysed the challenges of decisionmaking mechanism affecting public polytechnic administration in the study area. These were with a view to providing information on the nexus between decision making mechanism and public polytechnic administration in Osun State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. Primary data were collected through the administration of questionnaire and conduct of interviews. The study population (1,357) comprises Academic and Non- teaching staff members of the two (2) selected polytechnics in Osun State. Multistage sampling procedure was used for the study. At the first stage Federal Polytechnic, Ede and Osun State Polytechnic, Iree were purposively selected from Federal and State Polytechnics in Osun State, Nigeria. These were selected because the two polytechnics are the only federal and State Polytechnics in the State. At the second stage, 20% of study population (272) respondents were selected using proportional to sample size technique, was used to administered questionnaire to the respondents. In addition, interview was conducted with twelve purposively selected respondents, which comprised two executive members of Academic Staff Senior Staff of Nigeria Polytechnic (ASSNP) from each of the two polytechnics as well as the Rectors, Bursar, Registrar, Heads of Department, Directors and Deans of the Faculties of the selected polytechnics in the study areas. Secondary data were obtained from decision extracts of the unions’ congresses/meetings onmatters relating to the subject matter, academic journals, polytechnic decision extracts, internet sources. Data collected were analysed using mean, percentages, and Chi-Square statistics. The results of the study showed that the Governing Council, Academic Board and Departmental Boards were the prominent decision mechanism among the examined platforms in the selected schools. The study further revealed that existing decision mechanism enhanced administration of polytechnic administration in the areas of sound academic management, student affairs management, and effective financial management. The result established that decision making mechanism has significant influence on public polytechnic administration (ꭓ2 t=90.66 > ꭓ2 c = 58.422). In addition, insufficient funds (71.3%), employee resistance to adaptation (74.7%), and inadequate deployment of technology support solutions (72.1%) constituted the main challenges associated with decision making polytechnic administration. The study concluded that decision making mechanism enhanced public polytechnic administration in Osun State.
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Open Access
Correction to: An ecological study on the association between universal health service coverage index, health expenditures, and early childhood caries
(BMC oral health, 2021) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Jorma I. Virtanen; Carlos Alberto Feldens; Maher Rashwan; Arthur M. Kemoli; Rita Villena; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Rosa Amalia; Balgis Gafar; Simin Z. Mohebbi; Arheiam Arheiam; Hamideh Daryanavard; Ana Vukovic; Robert J. Schroth
Background Universal health care (UHC) may assist families whose children are most prone to early childhood caries (ECC) in accessing dental treatment and prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between UHC, health expenditure and the global prevalence of ECC. Methods Health expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product, UHC service coverage index, and the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC were compared among countries with various income levels using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Three linear regression models were developed, and each was adjusted for the country income level with the prevalence of ECC in 3–5-year-old children being the dependent variable. In model 1, UHC service coverage index was the independent variable whereas in model 2, the independent variable was the health expenditure as percentage of GDP. Model 3 included both independent variables together. Regression coefficients (B), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), P values, and partial eta squared (ƞ2) as measure of effect size were calculated. Results Linear regression including both independent factors revealed that health expenditure as percentage of GDP (P < 0.0001) was significantly associated with the percentage of ECC in 3–5-year-old children while UHC service coverage index was not significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC (P = 0.05). Every 1% increase in GDP allocated to health expenditure was associated with a 3.7% lower percentage of children with ECC (B = − 3.71, 95% CI: − 5.51, − 1.91). UHC service coverage index was not associated with the percentage of children with ECC (B = 0.61, 95% CI: − 0.01, 1.23). The impact of health expenditure on the prevalence of ECC was stronger than that of UHC coverage on the prevalence of ECC (ƞ2 = 0.18 vs. 0.05).
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Open Access
The relevance of christ apostolic church faith home ede to the missionary activities of christ apostolic church in Nigeria.
(Department of Religious Studies, Faculty of Arts. Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) OGUNGBARO, Joseph Olubayo.
This study traced the origin, vision, and mission of Christ Apostolic Church (CAC) Faith Home, Ede. It examined the administration, organization and contribution of CAC Faith Home, Ede to the missionary activities of Christ Apostolic Church in Nigeria. It also evaluated the relevance of Faith Home, Ede to the Missionary activities of Christ Apostolic Church in Nigeria. These were with a view to determining the contribution of Faith Home Ede to the Missionary activities of Christ Apostolic Church Nigeria. The study employed both primary and secondary sources of data. The primary source comprised oral interviews and questionnaire. The oral interviews were conducted with ten purposively selected persons. This consisted of missionary health workers of Christ Apostolic Church Faith Home, Ede, two matrons (past and present), two resident male doctors and two female nurses, two administrative staff and two labour room officers. Forty copies of questionnaire were administered in all; twenty to current students and fifteen to the outgone students and five to coordinators of the Faith Home. The Secondary source included books, journals articles and the Internet. The data collected were analyseed using socio-anthropological method. The results showed that the origin vision and mission of the Faith Home has been a point of manifestation of the miraculous within the CAC worldwide. The study revealed that the CAC Faith Home, through its administration and organization has contributed to the missionary activities of the Church by establishing the efficacy of its beliefs and practices regarding the power of prayers and faith healing. The study discovered that the Faith Home was relevant because it continued to enjoy increased patronage due the form of charity-based approach to its bills for health services. It also found that the CAC Faith Home adopted an open-door disposition to its operation by never discriminating on religion basis. It also discovered that the CAC Faith Home was dedicated mostly to delivery issues of women whose cases often been declared medically helpless. The study concluded that the CAC Faith Home has evolved over the years to become an integral part of the Church’s missionary platforms in Nigeria and beyond and the Faith Home contributed to the health services of the people of Ede by assisting people generally and specifically women who have medical issues to deliver successfully.
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Client sophistic in mortage valuation practice in Lagos, Nigeria.
(Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Enivronmental Design and Management, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2024) OGUNBIYI James Olayinka
The study examined the profiles of clients and the retained Estate Surveying and Valuation (ESV) firms in Lagos, Nigeria; evaluated the characteristics of mortgage valuations undertaken by the firms; appraised the components and level of client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice; analysed the factors influencing client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice; and examined the perceived influence of client sophistication on mortgage valuation practice in the study area. These were with a view to providing information for enhancing valuation practice. The study adopted primary and secondary data using a mixed-method data collection approach. The study population comprised Deposit Money Banks (DMBs), Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON) and Estate Surveying and Valuation (ESV) firms in Lagos, Nigeria. According to the August 26th, 2022 edition of the Central Bank of Nigeria’s List of DMBs, 26 DMBs engage in real estate lending activities. They collectively had 650 ESV firms in their Retainership Lists. Using Frankfort-Nachmias's 1996 sample size formular, a sample size of 243 ESV firms was determined for the study. Thus, nine ESV firms were randomly selected for each of the 26 DMBs and AMCON. Total enumeration survey of the 26 DMBs and head of valuation unit of AMCON was also applied. While primary data was collected with the aid of key informant interviews of the heads of the valuation units of the DMBs and AMCON, questionnaire was administered on heads of the valuation units of the ESV firms. Secondary data such as guidelines and standards for mortgage valuation practice was sourced from relevant publications. Data analysis was undertaken using thematic analysis, importance assessment approach, exploratory factor analysis, Spearman’s correlation analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis ‘H’ test.The result, using the importance assessment approach showed that the characteristics of the mortgage valuation practice were: adherence to standard valuation process (RII=0.882), adherence to IVSC and Nigerian Valuation Standards when carrying out valuations (RII=0.855), adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards in valuation practice (RII=0.822), adoption of proper assumptions when carrying out valuations (RII=0.818), and making sound judgements when carrying out valuations (RII=0.818). The result, using the exploratory factor analysis and thematic analysis showed that the components and level of client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice comprised the clients’ knowledge of applicable standards (19.85%), experiential knowledge of valuation characteristics (18.68%); biographical details (13.48%); and the nature of their influence on valuations (11.75%). The factors influencing client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice with their corresponding variance proportion were: issues with valuers and valuation techniques (19.45%); influence of globalization (18.54%); client's knowledge of relevancies (12.76%); regulatory considerations and value for money (10.80%), and valuation uncertainties (8.34%). Moreover, the perceived influence of client sophistication on mortgage valuation practice with their corresponding variance proportion were: encouraged transparency, disclosure and partnership (17.15%); improved accuracy and reliability of valuations (17.04%); improved client satisfaction (16.51%); improved valuation reporting and fee payment (14.91%), and enhanced regulatory enforcements (10.92%). The study concluded that the components of client sophistication, including experiential knowledge of valuation characteristics, compelled ethical behaviour and conduct of practitioners for enhanced valuation practice.