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Open Access
Assesssment of the effectiveness of lead removal from helianthus annuus L. remediated soil using amaranthus hybridusL .
(The Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Studies, Faculty Of Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) AREGBESOLA Joshua Akin
This study determined the Physical and chemical properties of a Pb remediated soil and assessed the growth response of Amaranthus hybridus cultivated on this soil. It also determined the nutrients and Pb uptake by A. hybridus from the remediated soil. These were with a view to providing information on the effectiveness of Pb removal by Helianthus annuus from a Pb polluted soil. The study was carried out in the screenhouse of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife. The study was a follow-up on a previous study in which the topsoil was polluted to four levels of Lead concentrations. A total of 72 polythene bags, each containing 10 kilograms of Pb remediated soil obtained after this study showed the presence of Pb. The polythene pots had also received three rates of organic fertilizer; 0, 5 and 10 t ha-1, and two rates; 0 and 2 t ha-1 of Urea fertilizer, and four levels of Pb: 0, 400, 800, 1200 mg Pb kg-1 arranged in a complete randomized design. The seeds of A. hybridus earlier obtained from the Faculty of Agriculture, OAU, Ile-Ife were sown at six seeds per pot, and thereafter watered with distilled water to field moisture capacity. Growth parameters such as number of leaves, plant height and stem girths were collected at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) using standard methods, and thereafter terminated. The harvested aboveground biomass of the plant was weighed and oven-dried to constant weight. The pre- and post-cropped remediated soils, and dried plant samples were analyzed to determine their properties, including Pb and Zn using standard methods. Data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics and the significance in their mean values of growth parameters and soil properties were separated at 95% confidence limit using Tukey‘s Multiple Range Test. The pH of the pre-cropped remediated soil ranged from 5.57 ± 0.02 to 7.43 ± 0.04. The soil organic Carbon and total Nitrogen values ranged from 3.90 ± 0.20 to 33.90 ± 0.30, and 0.30 ± 0.10 to 2.90 ± 0.10 g kg-1, respectively. The initial concentrations of Pb and Zn ranged; 75.16 ± 0.02 to 170.50 ± 8.04 and 3.81 ± 0.02 to 9.54 ± 0.03 mg kg-1, respectively. At harvest, the stem girth of A. hybridus ranged from 0.39 ± 0.06 to 2.81 ± 0.55 cm, while the aboveground biomass yield ranged from 0.11 ± 0.06 to 36.41 ± 9.47 and 0.06 ± 0.03 to 3.70 ± 1.28 g pot-1 for the wet and dry weight, respectively from the pot without Pb contamination, but with 2 t ha-1 of Urea and 5 t ha-1 of organic fertilizer. These growth parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the values obtained during the repeat experiment. The highest values obtained for Pb and Zn concentrations in the shoots of A. hybridus were 0.50 ± 0.01 and 3.05 ± 0.05 mg kg-1, respectively; which were higher than WHO/FAO permissible limits of 0.005 and 0.60 mg kg-1 for Pb and Zn respectively. The study concluded that Amaranthus hybridus cultivated on Lead remediated soil removed and transported Lead to aboveground biomass of the plant which could eventually enter into the food chain of humans, if ingested.
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Open Access
Petrophysical evaluation of two reservoir sands in five wells in the western part of the Niger Delta.
(Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1996) Abegunrin Omotola Omolade
The petrophysical characteristics of two reservoir sands in five wells drilled in western part of the Niger Delta were studied using borehole geophysical (open hole) logs.
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Open Access
The role of Nigeria police in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria.
(Faculty Of Law, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ALARAPE Abdulrahmon Idayat Temitope
The study examined the legal framework, historical emergence, organizational structure and the professional practices of the e of the Nigeria police within the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria together with its nature, prospects and challenges. These were with a view to strengthening the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria. The study relied on primary and secondary sources of information. The primary source comprised thesuccessive Constitutions of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, unstructured interviews, judicial decisions, and various statutes enacted for an enhanced administration of Criminal Justice System in Nigeria more particularly, the Administration of Criminal Justice Act, 2015, Nigeria Police Act, 2020 and so on. The secondary source of information included books, journal articles, conference proceedings, newspapers and magazine publications and; the internet. Data collected were subjected to content analysis. The study found that there exists in Nigeria both internal and external problems bedeviling the role of police in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria. It also found that if the Criminal Justice System in Nigeria would achieve the expected objective culminating in their existence, the challenges of corruption must be decisively addressed. The study concluded that though there are several challenges that are currently hindering the efficiency and effectiveness of the police in the Administration of Criminal Justice in Nigeria, quick intervention from government can assist in ameliorating the situations. There are several laws that have been put in place to ensure an improved, better, and speedy administration of Criminal Justice System in Nigeria, unless concerted efforts are made by the stakeholders in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria, certain bottle neck in the bureaucratic plane would not allow effective application of laws bringing the needed reform..
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Open Access
Assessment of laboratory facilities, teachers and student involvement in basic science pratical activities in junior secondary school, osun state Nigeria
(Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education , Obafemi Awolowo University.., 2023) FASOYE Temitope Esther
The study assessed accessibility of laboratory apparatus for Basic Science practical in junior secondary school in Osun State. It also examined the extent of teachers’ involvement in practical activities at junior secondary school in the state, and described the participation of junior secondary schools’ students in Basic Science practical activities in the study area. The objectives were aimed to ascertain and providing empirical information on the availability of laboratory facilities for the teaching and learning of Basic Science in junior secondary schools and the involvement of students in practical activities in the state. The research design for the study was descriptive survey. The participants in the study were made up of junior secondary school Basic Science teachers and students in Osun State. The selected participants for the study comprised of 300 students and 15 teachers. Sampling of participants was done through multistage procedure. One Local Government Area (LGA) was chosen from each of the three senatorial districts through simple random sampling technique. Five government schools were chosen from respectively senatorial district using simple random sampling technique. Twenty students were chosen from JSS II and their teacher of Basic Science teachers with the use of simple random sampling technique. Three research apparatuses were deployed for the collection of required information and these are; Laboratory Apparatus Checklist for Basic Science (LACBS), Laboratory Apparatus Usage Questionnaire for Basic Science Teachers (LAUQBST), and Students’ Participation in Practical Activities Questionnaire (SPPAQ). Information gathered were presented using frequency counts and simple percentage. The result from the findings showed that laboratory apparatuses are not accessible for teaching of Basic Science in most schools in Osun States. It can be assumed from the average weighted outcomes of the table that laboratory facilities is low at 12.6% for teaching of Basic Science practical activities in JSS in Osun State. Also, the extent of teachers’ involvement inBasic Science practical activities is moderate at 80.0%. Furthermore, students’ involvement in Basic Science practical activities is low at 73.3% at JSS in Osun State. The study concluded that there is poor accessibility to laboratory facilities for the learning of Basic Science in most of the JSS in Osun State. Also, Basic Science teachers moderately engaged their students in practical exercises with the few available laboratory facilities and the participation of students’ in practical learning activities in the laboratory is extremely low.
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Open Access
Influence of parents' and caregivers' interactions on emotional and behavioural patterns of children in Osun state.
(Institute of Education, Faculty of Education, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ADERIBIGBE Tomi Blessing
This study investigated the interactions (help, tolerance, tenderness and appreciation) of parents with their children not older than eight years in Osun State, it examined the interactions of caregivers with the children under their care between the age of zero to eight years in the study area, it assessed the influence of parents’ and caregivers’ interactions with the children on their emotion in the State and assessed the influence of parents and caregivers’ interactions with the children’s behaviour. These were with a view to providing empirical information on the influence of parents’ and caregivers’ interaction on children’s emotions and behavioural patterns in their early years of development. The study employed descriptive survey research design. Population of the study comprised parents and caregivers of children between ages zero and eight years in Osun State. The sample size comprised 120 children, 120 parents and 120 caregivers using multi-stage sampling procedures. From the three senatorial districts in the State, two Local Government Areas (LGAs) were randomly selected. From the selected LGAs, one private primary school and one public primary school were selected using random sampling technique. 10 parents and 10 caregivers with children between ages zero and eight were purposively selected. Two instruments were used: Questionnaire on Caregivers’ Interaction with Young Children (QCIYC) and Questionnaire on Parents’ Interaction with Young Children (QPIYC). Data collected were analysed using mean ranking and regression. The result of the study showed that the interactions (help MS=3.9, tolerance MS=3.84, tenderness MS=3.73 and appreciation MS=3.7) of parents with their children not older than eight years in Osun State were high, having the mean score that falls above the 3.0 benchmark used to measure the variables identified. The result also revealed that the interactions (help MS=3.61, tolerance MS=3.68, tenderness MS=3.59 and appreciation MS=3.53) of caregivers with the children under their care between the age of zero and eight years in the study area were high, with the mean score above 3.0. Furthermore, result showed that there was a significant influence of parents’ and caregivers’ interactions with the children on their emotion in the State with R-squared value of 0.303 and p-value=0.001. Similarly, there was significant influence of parents’ and caregivers’ interactions with the behaviour of children with the R-squared value of 0.285 and p-value=0.001. The study concluded that parents’ and caregivers’ interactions with children have a great influence on the emotional and behavioural patterns of children in the early years of development.