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Client sophistic in mortage valuation practice in Lagos, Nigeria.
(Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Enivronmental Design and Management, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2024) OGUNBIYI James Olayinka
The study examined the profiles of clients and the retained Estate Surveying and Valuation (ESV) firms in Lagos, Nigeria; evaluated the characteristics of mortgage valuations undertaken by the firms; appraised the components and level of client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice; analysed the factors influencing client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice; and examined the perceived influence of client sophistication on mortgage valuation practice in the study area. These were with a view to providing information for enhancing valuation practice. The study adopted primary and secondary data using a mixed-method data collection approach. The study population comprised Deposit Money Banks (DMBs), Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON) and Estate Surveying and Valuation (ESV) firms in Lagos, Nigeria. According to the August 26th, 2022 edition of the Central Bank of Nigeria’s List of DMBs, 26 DMBs engage in real estate lending activities. They collectively had 650 ESV firms in their Retainership Lists. Using Frankfort-Nachmias's 1996 sample size formular, a sample size of 243 ESV firms was determined for the study. Thus, nine ESV firms were randomly selected for each of the 26 DMBs and AMCON. Total enumeration survey of the 26 DMBs and head of valuation unit of AMCON was also applied. While primary data was collected with the aid of key informant interviews of the heads of the valuation units of the DMBs and AMCON, questionnaire was administered on heads of the valuation units of the ESV firms. Secondary data such as guidelines and standards for mortgage valuation practice was sourced from relevant publications. Data analysis was undertaken using thematic analysis, importance assessment approach, exploratory factor analysis, Spearman’s correlation analysis, and Kruskal-Wallis ‘H’ test.The result, using the importance assessment approach showed that the characteristics of the mortgage valuation practice were: adherence to standard valuation process (RII=0.882), adherence to IVSC and Nigerian Valuation Standards when carrying out valuations (RII=0.855), adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards in valuation practice (RII=0.822), adoption of proper assumptions when carrying out valuations (RII=0.818), and making sound judgements when carrying out valuations (RII=0.818). The result, using the exploratory factor analysis and thematic analysis showed that the components and level of client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice comprised the clients’ knowledge of applicable standards (19.85%), experiential knowledge of valuation characteristics (18.68%); biographical details (13.48%); and the nature of their influence on valuations (11.75%). The factors influencing client sophistication in mortgage valuation practice with their corresponding variance proportion were: issues with valuers and valuation techniques (19.45%); influence of globalization (18.54%); client's knowledge of relevancies (12.76%); regulatory considerations and value for money (10.80%), and valuation uncertainties (8.34%). Moreover, the perceived influence of client sophistication on mortgage valuation practice with their corresponding variance proportion were: encouraged transparency, disclosure and partnership (17.15%); improved accuracy and reliability of valuations (17.04%); improved client satisfaction (16.51%); improved valuation reporting and fee payment (14.91%), and enhanced regulatory enforcements (10.92%). The study concluded that the components of client sophistication, including experiential knowledge of valuation characteristics, compelled ethical behaviour and conduct of practitioners for enhanced valuation practice.
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Open Access
Assesssment of the effectiveness of lead removal from helianthus annuus L. remediated soil using amaranthus hybridusL .
(The Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Studies, Faculty Of Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) AREGBESOLA Joshua Akin
This study determined the Physical and chemical properties of a Pb remediated soil and assessed the growth response of Amaranthus hybridus cultivated on this soil. It also determined the nutrients and Pb uptake by A. hybridus from the remediated soil. These were with a view to providing information on the effectiveness of Pb removal by Helianthus annuus from a Pb polluted soil. The study was carried out in the screenhouse of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife. The study was a follow-up on a previous study in which the topsoil was polluted to four levels of Lead concentrations. A total of 72 polythene bags, each containing 10 kilograms of Pb remediated soil obtained after this study showed the presence of Pb. The polythene pots had also received three rates of organic fertilizer; 0, 5 and 10 t ha-1, and two rates; 0 and 2 t ha-1 of Urea fertilizer, and four levels of Pb: 0, 400, 800, 1200 mg Pb kg-1 arranged in a complete randomized design. The seeds of A. hybridus earlier obtained from the Faculty of Agriculture, OAU, Ile-Ife were sown at six seeds per pot, and thereafter watered with distilled water to field moisture capacity. Growth parameters such as number of leaves, plant height and stem girths were collected at 3, 4, 5 and 6 weeks after sowing (WAS) using standard methods, and thereafter terminated. The harvested aboveground biomass of the plant was weighed and oven-dried to constant weight. The pre- and post-cropped remediated soils, and dried plant samples were analyzed to determine their properties, including Pb and Zn using standard methods. Data collected were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistics and the significance in their mean values of growth parameters and soil properties were separated at 95% confidence limit using Tukey‘s Multiple Range Test. The pH of the pre-cropped remediated soil ranged from 5.57 ± 0.02 to 7.43 ± 0.04. The soil organic Carbon and total Nitrogen values ranged from 3.90 ± 0.20 to 33.90 ± 0.30, and 0.30 ± 0.10 to 2.90 ± 0.10 g kg-1, respectively. The initial concentrations of Pb and Zn ranged; 75.16 ± 0.02 to 170.50 ± 8.04 and 3.81 ± 0.02 to 9.54 ± 0.03 mg kg-1, respectively. At harvest, the stem girth of A. hybridus ranged from 0.39 ± 0.06 to 2.81 ± 0.55 cm, while the aboveground biomass yield ranged from 0.11 ± 0.06 to 36.41 ± 9.47 and 0.06 ± 0.03 to 3.70 ± 1.28 g pot-1 for the wet and dry weight, respectively from the pot without Pb contamination, but with 2 t ha-1 of Urea and 5 t ha-1 of organic fertilizer. These growth parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the values obtained during the repeat experiment. The highest values obtained for Pb and Zn concentrations in the shoots of A. hybridus were 0.50 ± 0.01 and 3.05 ± 0.05 mg kg-1, respectively; which were higher than WHO/FAO permissible limits of 0.005 and 0.60 mg kg-1 for Pb and Zn respectively. The study concluded that Amaranthus hybridus cultivated on Lead remediated soil removed and transported Lead to aboveground biomass of the plant which could eventually enter into the food chain of humans, if ingested.
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Open Access
Petrophysical evaluation of two reservoir sands in five wells in the western part of the Niger Delta.
(Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1996) Abegunrin Omotola Omolade
The petrophysical characteristics of two reservoir sands in five wells drilled in western part of the Niger Delta were studied using borehole geophysical (open hole) logs.
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Open Access
The role of Nigeria police in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria.
(Faculty Of Law, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ALARAPE Abdulrahmon Idayat Temitope
The study examined the legal framework, historical emergence, organizational structure and the professional practices of the e of the Nigeria police within the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria together with its nature, prospects and challenges. These were with a view to strengthening the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria. The study relied on primary and secondary sources of information. The primary source comprised thesuccessive Constitutions of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, unstructured interviews, judicial decisions, and various statutes enacted for an enhanced administration of Criminal Justice System in Nigeria more particularly, the Administration of Criminal Justice Act, 2015, Nigeria Police Act, 2020 and so on. The secondary source of information included books, journal articles, conference proceedings, newspapers and magazine publications and; the internet. Data collected were subjected to content analysis. The study found that there exists in Nigeria both internal and external problems bedeviling the role of police in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria. It also found that if the Criminal Justice System in Nigeria would achieve the expected objective culminating in their existence, the challenges of corruption must be decisively addressed. The study concluded that though there are several challenges that are currently hindering the efficiency and effectiveness of the police in the Administration of Criminal Justice in Nigeria, quick intervention from government can assist in ameliorating the situations. There are several laws that have been put in place to ensure an improved, better, and speedy administration of Criminal Justice System in Nigeria, unless concerted efforts are made by the stakeholders in the administration of criminal justice system in Nigeria, certain bottle neck in the bureaucratic plane would not allow effective application of laws bringing the needed reform..
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Open Access
Assessment of laboratory facilities, teachers and student involvement in basic science pratical activities in junior secondary school, osun state Nigeria
(Department of Arts Education, Faculty of Education , Obafemi Awolowo University.., 2023) FASOYE Temitope Esther
The study assessed accessibility of laboratory apparatus for Basic Science practical in junior secondary school in Osun State. It also examined the extent of teachers’ involvement in practical activities at junior secondary school in the state, and described the participation of junior secondary schools’ students in Basic Science practical activities in the study area. The objectives were aimed to ascertain and providing empirical information on the availability of laboratory facilities for the teaching and learning of Basic Science in junior secondary schools and the involvement of students in practical activities in the state. The research design for the study was descriptive survey. The participants in the study were made up of junior secondary school Basic Science teachers and students in Osun State. The selected participants for the study comprised of 300 students and 15 teachers. Sampling of participants was done through multistage procedure. One Local Government Area (LGA) was chosen from each of the three senatorial districts through simple random sampling technique. Five government schools were chosen from respectively senatorial district using simple random sampling technique. Twenty students were chosen from JSS II and their teacher of Basic Science teachers with the use of simple random sampling technique. Three research apparatuses were deployed for the collection of required information and these are; Laboratory Apparatus Checklist for Basic Science (LACBS), Laboratory Apparatus Usage Questionnaire for Basic Science Teachers (LAUQBST), and Students’ Participation in Practical Activities Questionnaire (SPPAQ). Information gathered were presented using frequency counts and simple percentage. The result from the findings showed that laboratory apparatuses are not accessible for teaching of Basic Science in most schools in Osun States. It can be assumed from the average weighted outcomes of the table that laboratory facilities is low at 12.6% for teaching of Basic Science practical activities in JSS in Osun State. Also, the extent of teachers’ involvement inBasic Science practical activities is moderate at 80.0%. Furthermore, students’ involvement in Basic Science practical activities is low at 73.3% at JSS in Osun State. The study concluded that there is poor accessibility to laboratory facilities for the learning of Basic Science in most of the JSS in Osun State. Also, Basic Science teachers moderately engaged their students in practical exercises with the few available laboratory facilities and the participation of students’ in practical learning activities in the laboratory is extremely low.