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    Availability, Adequacy and Utilisation of Learning Resources in the Teaching of Social Studies in Lower Basic Schools in Osun state.
    (The institute of Education, Faculty of education, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2022) AJUWON, ibukun samuel
    The study identified the available learning resources for teaching Social Studies in lower basic school in Osun State. It examined the adequacy of available learning resources for teaching Social Studies in lower basic schools in the state. It also assessed the extent of utilisation of learning resources for teaching Social Studies in lower basic schools in the state; and investigated the problems hindering effective utilisation of learning resources for teaching Social Studies in lower basic schools in Osun State. These were with a view to providing information on the availability, adequacy and utilisation of learning resources in the teaching of Social Studies in lower basic schools in Osun State. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design. The study population comprised all Basic III Social Studies teachers and all the head teachers in Osun State. The sample for the study comprised 90 head teachers and 90 basic three Social Studies teachers. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select the sample for the study. Three Local Government Areas (LGAs) were selected from each senatorial district using simple random sampling technique. From each LGAs, ten schools were selected using simple random sampling technique and from the selected schools, one head teacher, one basic three Social Studies teacher was purposively selected. Two research instruments were used to collect data for the study namely; Learning Resources Checklist (LRC) and Learning Resources Utilisation Questionnaire (LRUQ). LRC were used to elicit information on Availability of Learning Resources in the teaching of Social Studies in lower basic schools while the LRUQ were used to assess information from the head teachers and basic three Social Studies teachers on the utilisation of learning resource in xiii the teaching of Social Studies in lower basic schools. Data collected were analysed using appropriate descriptive and relevant inferential statistics. The result showed that available resources used in teaching Social Studies include pupils textbook (84.4%), teachers reference (92.0%), chalkboard (96.6%), wall maps (65.9%), charts (83.3%), pictures, notice boards, resource persona, local environment and real objects. The result also indicated that learning resources such as teacher made note (96.6%), chalkboard (95.5), teachers reference (90.9%), real objects (88.5%) among others were adequate for teaching and learning of Social Studies. Furthermore, result revealed that among the available materials, teachers reference (94.3%), teachers made notes (94.3%) and pupils textbook (88.6%) are the most utilised learning resources for teaching Social Studies while School radio (23.8%) and audio-tape (23.5%) are the less utilised learning resources. Finally result showed that some of the problems hindering the effective utilisation of learning resources for teaching Social Studies includes: substandard level of available resources as they could not meet up with 21st standard (62.4%); insufficiency of available resources to go round the class (72.1%); inadequacy of required technical know-how needed, among others. The study concluded based on the findings that learning resources are available and adequately utilised in the teaching of Social Studies in lower basic schools in Osun State, Nigeria.