Browsing by Author "Abolarinwa, Teslem Olatunde"

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    Studies on individual and combined antimicrobial activities of the methanolic extracts of carica papaya linn.leaves and bambusa vulgaris schrad, roots on some selected bacterial isolates
    (Microbiology, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2015) Abolarinwa, Teslem Olatunde
    This study investigated singly and combined antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of Carica papaya leaves and Bambusa vulgaris roots on some selected bacterial isolates. It also assessed the active fraction of the methanolic crude extracts of Carica papaya leaves and Bambusa vulgaris roots as well as phytochemical groups present in the crude extracts of Carica papaya leaves and Bambusa vulgaris roots. This was with a view to provide an alternative potent antibacterial product of natural source. Fresh matureCarica papaya leaves and Bambusa vulgaris roots were collected within the premises of ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife and authenticated at the IFE Herbarium, Department of Botany, ObafemiAwolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.The samples were dried in hot air oven at 45 OC and then ground into a fine powder. The extract of each plant was extracted using methanol and distilled water in ratio 3:2 (v/v)seperately. The extracts obtained were concentrated in-vacuo by lyophilization. The extracts were screened for phytochemicals and antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial isolates. Each extract was partitioned into n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol. The antibacterial activities of the extracts, individually and in combination were determined using agar diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) carried out by agar dilution technique. The methanol extracts of each plant material and mixture showed appreciable antimicrobial activities on selected bacterial isolates. Among the pathogens susceptible to the methanolic extracts of Carica papaya and Bambusa vulgaris singly and in combined form were Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Shigellasp., Bacillus anthracis,Bacilluscereus,and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrobial activity increased with increasing concentrations of the extracts. The zones of inhibition exhibited by Carica papaya extract ranged between 6.00±0.71 mm for Bacillus polymyxa and16.00±1.41 mm for Klebsiellapneumoniae, Bambusa vulgarisextract exhibited zones of inhibition which ranged between 9.00±0.00 mm for Shigellasp., and 16.00±1.41 mm for Staphylococcus aureuswhile the zones of inhibition exhibited by the combined extracts of Carica papaya and Bambusa vulgaris ranged between12.00±0.71 mm for Bacillus subtilis and 27.00±0.00 mm for Salmonella sp.. Antimicrobial activities of the various fractions obtained from the extracts against the test isolates also showed appreciable levels of activity at 25 mg/ml.The antibacterial efficacy of the mixture of extracts from plant parts increased considerably compared to the low activities recorded with the extracts of the individual plant parts.The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the methanolic extracts of Carica papaya,Bambusa vulgarisand their combined form ranged between 3.13and 12.50 mg/ml, 1.56 and 6.25 mg/ml and 1.56 and 6.25 mg/ml respectively. This study, concluded that the methanolic extracts of Carica papaya andBambusa vulgaris and the combination of the two extracts possessed antimicrobial properties with the antimicrobial potency being greater when use in combined form.