Browsing by Author "Anthony, Oluwasesan Ibitoye."

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    Effects of ethanol extract of senecio biafrae (asteraceae) leaves on the liver of adult wistar rats following mercury chloride–induced hepatotoxicity anthony
    (Department of Anatomy and cell biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile–Ife, Nigeria, 2025) Anthony, Oluwasesan Ibitoye.
    This study assessed the effects of ethanol extract of Senecio biafrae leaves (EESBL) on the histoarchitecture and histomorphometry of the liver of adult Wistar rats following mercury chloride - induced hepatotoxicity; investigated the effects of the extract on the structure of the rats’ liver cells cytoskeleton; evaluated the effects of extract on the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) in the serum and liver of the rats; and determined the effects of the extract on the activity of liver marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the serum and liver of the rats. These were with a view to providing insights into the actions of Senecio biafrae on liver protection and amelioration. Ethical clearance was obtained from Health Research Ethic Committee of Institute of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Forty-two adult Wistar rats were assigned into seven groups of six rats each. Rats in group 1 were administered with 2 mL/kg distilled water for 42 days, while groups 2-7 rats were given 4 mg/kg of mercury chloride, orally, for 21 days. Twenty-four hours after the last administration of mercury chloride, group 2 rats were sacrificed immediately, group 3 rats were observed for the next 21 days, group 4 rats were given 2 mg/kg of Silymarin, 12 hourly, orally for 21 days while, group 4, 5, and 6 rats were given 300, 400 and 600 mg/kg of ethanol extract of Senecio biafrae leaves respectively, orally for 21 days. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Tissues were processed via paraffin embedding method and 5 µm thick sections were obtained on a rotary microtome and were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Gridley’s silver impregnation, periodic acid – Schiff with diastase control and Feulgen reaction for demonstration of general histoarchitecture, reticulin fibers, glycogen deposition and deoxyribonucleic acid respectively. Data collected were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test for multiple comparisons. Results were expressed as mean ± standard error of mean, with significance set at p< 0.0001, F = 1061.00; p < 0.0001; and F = 155.00; p < 0.0001, respectively), when compared with control group rats (15.90 ± 7.65, 21.8 ± 5.16 and 17.10 ± 0.83 IU/L, respectively). It also reduced the concentration level of glutathione (0.0499 ± 0.0013 mM; 0.1897 ± 0.0209 mM) and activities of superoxide dismutase (0.37 ± 0.03; 1.22 ± 0.01 Unit/L) and catalase (0.81 ± 0.05; 0.98 ± 0.21 units/ml), in the liver and serum of group 2 rats when compared with the control group rats (0.3797 ± 0.0033 mM; 2.5720 ± 0.0038 mM, 1.88 ± 0.01 Unit/L; 1.90 ± 0.08 Unit/L and 2.35 ± 0.09 units/ml; 3.12 ± 0.29 units/ml), respectively) (F = 656.90; p < 0.0001, F = 484.00; p < 0.0001; and F = 37.00; p < 0.0001, respectively). The study concluded that the EESBL was able to ameliorate mercury chloride-induced hepatocellular injury due to its ability to scavenge free radicals and augment endogenous antioxidants. As a result, EESBL may be a viable option for treating and controlling liver– induced mercury toxicity. EESBL reversed most of these changes in a dose-dependent manner with the highest efficacy at the high dose treated group (600 mg/kg) comparable to silymarin-treated group.