Browsing by Author "Folayan, Morenike O"

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    Associations between COVID-19 testing status, non-communicable diseases and HIV status among residents of sub-Saharan Africa during the first wave of the pandemic.
    (BMC Infectious Diseases, 2022-06-13T00:00:00Z) Folayan, Morenike O; Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel; Virtanen, Jorma I; El Tantawi, Maha; Abeldaño, Giuliana Florencia; Ishabiyi, Anthonia Omotola; Jafer, Mohammed; Al-Khanati, Nuraldeen Maher; Quadri, Mir Faeq Ali; Yousaf, Muhammad Abrar; Ellakany, Passent; Nzimande, Ntombifuthi; Ara, Eshrat; Khalid, Zumama; Lawal, Folake Barakat; Lusher, Joanne; Popoola, Bamidele O; Idigbe, Ifeoma; Khan, Abeedha Tu-Allah; Ayanore, Martin Amogre; Gaffar, Balgis; Osamika, Bamidele Emmanuel; Aly, Nourhan M; Ndembi, Nicaise; Nguyen, Annie Lu
    This study determined if non-communicable disease status, HIV status, COVID-19 status and co-habiting were associated with COVID-19 test status in sub-Saharan Africa. Data of 5945 respondents age 18-years-old and above from 31 countries in sub-Saharan Africa collected through an online survey conducted between June and December 2020, were extracted. The dependent variable was COVID-19 status (testing positive for COVID-19 and having symptoms of COVID-19 but not getting tested). The independent variables were non-communicable disease status (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, heart conditions, respiratory conditions, depression), HIV positive status, COVID-19 status (knowing a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 and someone who died from COVID-19) and co-habiting (yes/no). Two binary logistic regression models developed to determine associations between the dependent and independent variables were adjusted for age, sex, employment, sub region and educational status. Having a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR:6.747), knowing someone who died from COVID-19 infection (AOR:1.732), and living with other people (AOR:1.512) were significantly associated with higher odds of testing positive for COVID-19 infection, while living with HIV was associated with significantly lower odds of testing positive for COVID-19 infection (AOR:0.284). Also, respondents with respiratory conditions (AOR:2.487), self-reported depression (AOR:1.901), those who had a close friend who tested positive for COVID-19 infection (AOR:2.562) and who knew someone who died from COVID-19 infection (AOR:1.811) had significantly higher odds of having symptoms of COVID-19 infection but not getting tested. Non-communicable diseases seem not to increase the risk for COVID-19 positive test while cohabiting seems to reduce this risk. The likelihood that those who know someone who tested positive to or who died from COVID-19 not getting tested when symptomatic suggests there is poor contact tracing in the region. People with respiratory conditions and depression need support to get tested for COVID-19.
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    Black market blood transfusions for Ebola
    (plos one, 2014) Folayan, Morenike O; Brown, Brandon; Yakubu, Aminu
    Poor health systems and structures in countries affected by Ebola virus disease (EVD) have compounded difficulties in access to hospital care for Ebola patients. With this low healthcare access, individuals may be forced to seek alternative remedies for the management of EVD. One major study suggested that the transfusion of whole blood and serum from patients who had recovered from EVD reduces the risk of EVD-related fatality (Citation1), with additional rigorous studies underway including patients in the current epidemic in West Africa (Citation2–Citation4) .
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    Ethics and HIV prevention research: An analysis of the early tenofovir PrEP trial in Nigeria.
    (WILEY, 2018-09-10) Peterson, Kristin; Folayan, Morenike O
    In 2004, the first ever multi-sited clinical trials studied the prospect of HIV biomedical prevention (referred to as pre-exposure prophylaxis-'PrEP'). The trials were implemented at several international sites, but many officially closed down before they completed. At most sites, both scientists and community AIDS advocates raised concerns over the ethics and scientific rationales of the trial. Focusing on the Nigerian trial site, we detail the controversy that emerged among mostly Nigerian research scientists who scrutinized the research design and protocol. While some of the disputes, especially those pertaining to community engagement mechanisms, were ultimately resolved in international fora and implemented in later PrEP trials, concerns over science rationales and assumptions were never addressed. We argue that scientific rationales should be treated as ethical concerns and suggest that such concerns should be deliberated at host sites before the trial protocol is finalized.
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    HIV prevention clinical trials' community engagement guidelines: inequality, and ethical conflicts.
    (Routledge Taylor and Francis group, 2020-06-05T00:00:00Z) Folayan, Morenike O; Peterson, Kristin
    In 2004 and 2005, the first clinical trials were launched to investigate the use of tenofovir for HIV prevention in Cambodia,Cameroon, Nigeria and Thailand. Controversies erupted over the ethical integrity of the research protocol. We reflect on the events that ledto the controversies and identified that scientific and ethical concerns raised by members of local communities at each of these sites wereerased by trialists, causing crisis that led to premature shut down the early PrEP trials. In the aftermath of these trials, the World HealthOrganisation, UNAIDS, and AVAC developed ethics guidelines intended to recognize the concerns as authentic, and developed guidelines toimprove researchers' engagement of communities in biomedical HIV prevention trial design and implementation. Our findings suggest thatthe ethics guidelines are limited in its ability to address power inequalities that leads to voice erasures and non-recognition of localcompetencies. Rather the ethical documents enabled trialists to gain a new sense of authority through the interpretations of ethical researchconduct enabling trialists regain power that can further entrench inequality and voice erasures. To address concerns with what seems anintractable problem, we suggested models of engagement for off-shored research may be the option.
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    HIV prevention clinical trials' community engagement guidelines: inequality, and ethical conflicts.
    (Global Bioethics, 2020-06-05T00:00:00Z) Folayan, Morenike O; Peterson, Kristin
    In 2004 and 2005, the first clinical trials were launched to investigate the use of tenofovir for HIV prevention in Cambodia,Cameroon, Nigeria and Thailand. Controversies erupted over the ethical integrity of the research protocol. We reflect on the events that ledto the controversies and identified that scientific and ethical concerns raised by members of local communities at each of these sites wereerased by trialists, causing crisis that led to premature shut down the early PrEP trials. In the aftermath of these trials, the World HealthOrganisation, UNAIDS, and AVAC developed ethics guidelines intended to recognize the concerns as authentic, and developed guidelines toimprove researchers' engagement of communities in biomedical HIV prevention trial design and implementation. Our findings suggest thatthe ethics guidelines are limited in its ability to address power inequalities that leads to voice erasures and non-recognition of localcompetencies. Rather the ethical documents enabled trialists to gain a new sense of authority through the interpretations of ethical researchconduct enabling trialists regain power that can further entrench inequality and voice erasures. To address concerns with what seems anintractable problem, we suggested models of engagement for off-shored research may be the option.
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    Nigeria's financing of health care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and recommendations.
    (WMHP, 2022-10-03) Aregbeshola, Bolaji S; Folayan, Morenike O
    An analysis of the financing of Nigeria's health-care system in response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was conducted. Nigeria projected that it would need US$330 million to control its COVID-19 pandemic. However, it raised more than US$560.52 million, of which more than 90% came from the private sector and the donor/philanthropist community. The pooled COVID-19 fund is mainly being expended on temporary public health and clinical care measures, with little invested to strengthen the health system beyond the pandemic. The poor turn-around time for COVID-19 test results and the stigma associated with the disease results in most persons with mild to moderate symptoms seeking care from alternatives to the health-care institutions designated for COVID-19 health care. The huge out-of-pocket expenses, and the inability of most Nigerians to earn money because of measures instituted to contain the pandemic, will likely cause many Nigerians to become economically impoverished by the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19-related commodity procurement was least responsive to the needs of those most in need of care and support. The government needs to institute several fiscal policies. Immediate response to ease the financial impact of COVID-19 require inclusion of COVID-19 management in health insurance packages and an increase in domestic government health spending.
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    Oral health practices and self-reported adverse effects of E-cigarette use among dental students in 11 countries: an online survey.
    (BMC Oral Health, 0022-01-26) Alhajj, Mohammed Nasser; Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali; Folayan, Morenike O; Halboub, Esam; Khader, Yousef; Omar, Ridwaan; Amran, Abdullah G; Al-Batayneh, Ola B; Celebić, Asja; Persic, Sanja; Kocaelli, Humeyra; Suleyman, Firas; Alkheraif, Abdulaziz A; Divakar, Darshan D; Mufadhal, Abdulbaset A; Al-Wesabi, Mohammed A; Alhajj, Wadhah A; Aldumaini, Mokhtar A; Khan, Saadika; Al-Dhelai, Thiyezen A; Alqahtani, Ahmed Shaher; Murad, Ali H; Makzoumé, Joseph E; Kohli, Shivani; Ziyad, Tareq A
    E-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students.
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    Prevalence and Data Availability of Early Childhood Caries in 193 United Nations Countries, 2007-2017.
    (American journal of public health., 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z) El Tantawi, Maha; Folayan, Morenike O; Mehaina, Mohamed; Vukovic, Ana; Castillo, Jorge L; Gaffar, Balgis O; Arheiam, Arheiam; Al-Batayneh, Ola B; Kemoli, Arthur M; Schroth, Robert J; Lee, Gillian H M
    To assess the relationship between health care system and economic factors and early childhood caries (ECC) data availability and prevalence.
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    Preventive oral health practices of school pupils in Southern Nigeria.
    (BMC Oral Health., 2014-07-07T00:00:00Z) Folayan, Morenike O; Khami, Mohammad R; Onyejaka, Nneka; Popoola, Bamidele O; Adeyemo, Yewande Isabella
    One of the goals of the World Health Organisation goal is to ensure increased uptake of preventive oral self-care by 2020. This would require the design public health programmes that will ensure children place premium on preventive oral health care uptake. One effort in that direction is the need for countries to define baseline measures on use of preventive oral self-care measures by their population as well as identify factors that impact on its use. This study aims to determine the prevalence and the impact of age and sex on the use of recommended oral self-care measures by pupils in Southern Nigeria.