Browsing by Author "LASISI, Kamil"

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    Effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis on Cartilage thickening, clinical variables and selected biomarkers in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
    (Department of Medical rehabilitation, Faculty of Basic medical sciences. Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) LASISI, Kamil
    This study determined the extent of cartilage degeneration and concentration of interleukin-6 and uric acid in knee osteoarthritis (OA); evaluated the effects of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis on clinical variables and selected biomarkers among patients with knee OA; assessed the effects of chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis on clinical variables, cartilage thickening and selected biomarkers among patients with knee OA. It also compared the effect of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis on clinical variables and selected biomarkers among patients with knee OA. These were with a view to providing information on the role of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis in cartilage remodeling using interleuking-6 and uric acid as biomarkers.The participants for this randomized case control study were 78 purposively selected individuals with grade II knee OA who were randomly assigned to three groups with 26 participants in each group. Group one participants received 1g of glucosamine sulphate (GS) through iontophoresis while group two received 1g of chondroitin sulphate (CS) iontophoresis using trans-arthral electrode placement technique (40mA- min as dosage). Group three served as control and had baseline intervention in form of quadriceps muscle exercise (1RM, 10 reps and 3 sets) twice a week for 12 weeks. Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale (QVAS) was used to rate the pain while goniometer was used to assess the active knee flexion motion. Physical function was assessed using the WOMAC Questionnaire. The concentrations of interleukin (IL)–6 and uric acid were determined by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA). The cartilage thickening (Joint spaced with [JSW]) was measured using a 7- to 12-MHz linear probe. Standard procedures were used for all measurements at baseline, 4th, 8th and 12th week. Descriptive statistics of means and standard deviation were used to summarize the data. The Inferential statistics of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Kruskawallis test were used to compare the variables. Alpha level was set at p < 0.05. There were significant reductions in the serum concentrations of interleukin-6 (21.274 ± 3.183pg/ml to 18.977 ± 3.271pg/ml) and uric acid (6.589 ± 1.401 pg/ml to 5.106 ± 1.705 pg/ml at 12th week), (p = 0.001) for Glucosamine Sulphate group. Similar reductions were observed for both Chondroitin Sulphate and the control groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.022) respectively. The serum concentration of interleukin-6 of participants in CS group (16.984 ±2.384 pg/ml) was significantly lower compared to that of the Glucosamine sulphate group (18.976 ± 3.271 pg/ml), (p = 0.001) at the 12th week. However, there were no significant changes in uric acid concentrations and the JSW after 12 weeks across the 3 groups. Both interventions significantly alleviated pain (66.538 ±8.918 to 30.769 ± 6.884 and 71.538 ± 6.748 to 15.7659 ± 9.021within the GS and CS groups respectively on a QVAS scale of 100 (p = 0.001). There were significant improvements in the Functional Activity Level (FAL) for the GS group (62.533 ±7.206 to 37.053 ± 5.916; H= 205.625, p = 0.001) and CS (57.428 ± 5.844 to 29.976 ± 3.223, H= 423.374, p = 0.001) on the WOMAC scale. The administration of CS (Mean rank = 29.977) iontophoresis significantly improved the Functional Activity Level than Glucosamine sulphate (Mean rank = 7.053; H = 19.89, p = 0.001). The ranges of motion also significantly increased within the GS and CS groups at the 12th week (96.385 ±8.859 to 119.23 ±5.44 degrees and 92.365 ±10.280 to 124.42 ±5.64 degrees respectively (p = 0.001). However; there was no significant difference in the range of motion across the 3 groups. The study concluded that both Glucosamine and Chondroitin sulphate iontophoresis are effective in alleviating pain and improving physical functions but the later showed higher efficacy. However, the interventions did not show significant chondroprotective effects on cartilage thickening.