Browsing by Author "Morenike O. Folayan"

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    Addressing the socio-development needs of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria : a call for action
    (African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2014) Morenike O. Folayan; Morolake Odetoyinbo; Brandon Brown; Abigail Harrison Affiliations
    The widespread use of antiretroviral therapy and remarkable success in the treatment of paediatric HIV infection has changed the face of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic in children from a fatal disease to that of a chronic illness. Many children living with HIV are surviving into adolescence. This sub-population of people living with HIV is emerging as a public health challenge and burden in terms of healthcare management and service utilization than previously anticipated. This article provides an overview of the socio-developmental challenges facing adolescents living with HIV especially in a resource-limited setting like Nigeria. These include concerns about their healthy sexuality, safer sex and transition to adulthood, disclosure of their status and potential stigma, challenges faced with daily living, access and adherence to treatment, access to care and support, and clinic transition. Other issues include reality of death and implications for fertility intentions, mental health concerns and neurocognitive development. Coping strategies and needed support for adolescents living with HIV are also discussed, and the implications for policy formulation and programme design and implementation in Nigeria are highlighted. L'utilisation généralisée de la thérapie antirétrovirale et des succès remarquables dans le traitement de l'infection du VIH chez les enfants a changé le visage de l'épidémie du virus d'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) chez les enfants d'une maladie mortelle ? celui d'une maladie chronique. Beaucoup d'enfants vivant avec le VIH survivent ? l'adolescence. Cette sous-population de personnes vivant avec le VIH est en train de devenir un problème de santé publique et de la charge en termes de gestion des soins de santé et l'utilisation des services que prévu avant. Cet article donne un aperçu des défis du développement social auxquels sont confrontés les adolescents vivant avec le VIH en particulier dans un contexte de ressources limitées comme le Nigeria. Il s'agit notamment des préoccupations concernant leur santé sexuelle, les rapports sexuels protégés et le passage ? l'âge adulte, la divulgation de leur statut et de la stigmatisation potentielle, les défis rencontrés dans la vie quotidienne, l'accès au traitement et l'observance du traitement, l'accès aux soins et au soutien, et la transition de la clinique. D'autres questions comprennent la réalité de la mort et des implications pour les intentions de la fécondité, des problèmes de santé mentale et le développement neurocognitif. Les stratégies d'adaptation et le soutien nécessaire pour les adolescents vivant avec le VIH sont également discutés, et les implications pour la formulation des politiques et de la conception des programmes et la mise en oeuvre au Nigeria sont mis en évidence.
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    Association Between Environmental Health, Ecosystem Vitality, and Early Childhood Caries
    (Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2020) Morenike O. Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Robert J. Schroth; Arthur M. Kemoli; Balgis Gaffar; Rosa Amalia; Carlos A. Feldens
    Background: Environmental issues lead to serious health problems in young growing children. This study aims to determine the association between a country's level of environmental health, ecosystem vitality, and prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: This was an ecological study. The data for the explanatory variables—country-level environmental performance index (EPI), environmental health, and ecosystem vitality—were obtained from the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy. The outcome variables were country-level prevalence of ECC in 0- to 2-year-old and 3- to 5-year-old children. The country EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality were matched with country ECC prevalence for 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds for the period of 2007 to 2017. Differences in the variables by country income level were determined using ANOVA. Multivariate ANOVA was used to determine the association between ECC prevalence in 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds, and EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality, adjusting for each country's per-capita gross national income. Results: Thirty-seven countries had complete data on ECC in 0- to 2-year-old and 3- to 5-year-old children, EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality scores. There were significant differences in ECC prevalence of 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds between countries with different income levels. Also, there were significant differences in EPI (P < 0.0001), environmental health score (P < 0.0001), and ecosystem vitality (P = 0.01) score by country income levels. High-income countries had significantly higher EPI scores than did low-income countries (P = 0.001), lower-middle-income countries (P < 0.0001), and upper-middle-income countries (P < 0.0001). There was an inverse non-significant relationship between ECC prevalence and EPI in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = −0.06; P = 0.84) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = −0.30; P = 0.50), and ecosystem vitality in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = −0.55, P = 0.08) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = −0.96; P = 0.02). Environmental health was directly and non-significantly associated with ECC in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = 0.20; P = 0.23) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = 0.22; P = 0.32). Conclusions: There was a complex relationship between various indicators of environmental performance and ECC prevalence. The association with EPI and ecosystem vitality was inverse whereas the association with environmental health was direct. Only the inverse association with ecosystem vitality in 3–5 year old children was significant. There may be higher risk of ECC with greater economic development, industrialization, and urbanization, while better ecosystem vitality may offer protection against ECC through the rational use of resources, healthy life choices, and preventive health practices.
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    General anxiety, dental anxiety, digit sucking, caries and oral hygiene status of children resident in a semi-urban population in Nigeria
    (Springer Nature, 2018-04-20) Morenike O. Folayan; Kikelomo A. Kolawole; Nneka K. Onyejaka; Hakeem O. Agbaje; Nneka M. Chukwumah; Titus A. Oyedele
    Digit sucking can represent untreated anxiety or other emotional problems. The aim of this study was to determine if digit sucking is a predictor of general anxiety and dental anxiety; and if general and dental anxiety are associated with caries and oral hygiene status of children resident in sub-urban Nigeria.