Browsing by Author "Morenike O. Folayan"
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- ItemOpen AccessAddressing the socio-development needs of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria : a call for action(African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2014) Morenike O. Folayan; Morolake Odetoyinbo; Brandon Brown; Abigail Harrison AffiliationsThe widespread use of antiretroviral therapy and remarkable success in the treatment of paediatric HIV infection has changed the face of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic in children from a fatal disease to that of a chronic illness. Many children living with HIV are surviving into adolescence. This sub-population of people living with HIV is emerging as a public health challenge and burden in terms of healthcare management and service utilization than previously anticipated. This article provides an overview of the socio-developmental challenges facing adolescents living with HIV especially in a resource-limited setting like Nigeria. These include concerns about their healthy sexuality, safer sex and transition to adulthood, disclosure of their status and potential stigma, challenges faced with daily living, access and adherence to treatment, access to care and support, and clinic transition. Other issues include reality of death and implications for fertility intentions, mental health concerns and neurocognitive development. Coping strategies and needed support for adolescents living with HIV are also discussed, and the implications for policy formulation and programme design and implementation in Nigeria are highlighted. L'utilisation généralisée de la thérapie antirétrovirale et des succès remarquables dans le traitement de l'infection du VIH chez les enfants a changé le visage de l'épidémie du virus d'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) chez les enfants d'une maladie mortelle ? celui d'une maladie chronique. Beaucoup d'enfants vivant avec le VIH survivent ? l'adolescence. Cette sous-population de personnes vivant avec le VIH est en train de devenir un problème de santé publique et de la charge en termes de gestion des soins de santé et l'utilisation des services que prévu avant. Cet article donne un aperçu des défis du développement social auxquels sont confrontés les adolescents vivant avec le VIH en particulier dans un contexte de ressources limitées comme le Nigeria. Il s'agit notamment des préoccupations concernant leur santé sexuelle, les rapports sexuels protégés et le passage ? l'âge adulte, la divulgation de leur statut et de la stigmatisation potentielle, les défis rencontrés dans la vie quotidienne, l'accès au traitement et l'observance du traitement, l'accès aux soins et au soutien, et la transition de la clinique. D'autres questions comprennent la réalité de la mort et des implications pour les intentions de la fécondité, des problèmes de santé mentale et le développement neurocognitif. Les stratégies d'adaptation et le soutien nécessaire pour les adolescents vivant avec le VIH sont également discutés, et les implications pour la formulation des politiques et de la conception des programmes et la mise en oeuvre au Nigeria sont mis en évidence.
- ItemOpen AccessAssociation Between Environmental Health, Ecosystem Vitality, and Early Childhood Caries(Frontiers in Pediatrics, 2020) Morenike O. Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Robert J. Schroth; Arthur M. Kemoli; Balgis Gaffar; Rosa Amalia; Carlos A. FeldensBackground: Environmental issues lead to serious health problems in young growing children. This study aims to determine the association between a country's level of environmental health, ecosystem vitality, and prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: This was an ecological study. The data for the explanatory variables—country-level environmental performance index (EPI), environmental health, and ecosystem vitality—were obtained from the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy. The outcome variables were country-level prevalence of ECC in 0- to 2-year-old and 3- to 5-year-old children. The country EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality were matched with country ECC prevalence for 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds for the period of 2007 to 2017. Differences in the variables by country income level were determined using ANOVA. Multivariate ANOVA was used to determine the association between ECC prevalence in 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds, and EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality, adjusting for each country's per-capita gross national income. Results: Thirty-seven countries had complete data on ECC in 0- to 2-year-old and 3- to 5-year-old children, EPI, environmental health, and ecosystem vitality scores. There were significant differences in ECC prevalence of 0- to 2-year-olds and 3- to 5-year-olds between countries with different income levels. Also, there were significant differences in EPI (P < 0.0001), environmental health score (P < 0.0001), and ecosystem vitality (P = 0.01) score by country income levels. High-income countries had significantly higher EPI scores than did low-income countries (P = 0.001), lower-middle-income countries (P < 0.0001), and upper-middle-income countries (P < 0.0001). There was an inverse non-significant relationship between ECC prevalence and EPI in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = −0.06; P = 0.84) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = −0.30; P = 0.50), and ecosystem vitality in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = −0.55, P = 0.08) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = −0.96; P = 0.02). Environmental health was directly and non-significantly associated with ECC in 0- to 2-year-olds (B = 0.20; P = 0.23) and 3- to 5-year-olds (B = 0.22; P = 0.32). Conclusions: There was a complex relationship between various indicators of environmental performance and ECC prevalence. The association with EPI and ecosystem vitality was inverse whereas the association with environmental health was direct. Only the inverse association with ecosystem vitality in 3–5 year old children was significant. There may be higher risk of ECC with greater economic development, industrialization, and urbanization, while better ecosystem vitality may offer protection against ECC through the rational use of resources, healthy life choices, and preventive health practices.
- ItemOpen AccessFactors associated with sexual and reproductive health behaviour of street-involved young people: findings from a baseline survey in southwest Nigeria(Springer Nature, 2020-06-11) Atinuke O Olaleye; Mary O. Obiyan; Morenike O. FolayanTo achieve the Sustainable Development Goal 3, which is to ensure healthy lives and promote well being for all persons of all ages, street-involved young people (SIYP) must be assured of universal access to sexual and reproductive healthcare. This study aims to determine the factors associated with age- and sex-specific differences in the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) behaviour of SIYP in southwest Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessGeneral anxiety, dental anxiety, digit sucking, caries and oral hygiene status of children resident in a semi-urban population in Nigeria(Springer Nature, 2018-04-20) Morenike O. Folayan; Kikelomo A. Kolawole; Nneka K. Onyejaka; Hakeem O. Agbaje; Nneka M. Chukwumah; Titus A. OyedeleDigit sucking can represent untreated anxiety or other emotional problems. The aim of this study was to determine if digit sucking is a predictor of general anxiety and dental anxiety; and if general and dental anxiety are associated with caries and oral hygiene status of children resident in sub-urban Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessOral health practices and self-reported adverse effects of E-cigarette use among dental students in 11 countries: an online survey(BMC Oral Health., 2022-05) Mohammed Nasser Alhajj; Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri; Morenike O. Folayan; Esam Halboub; Yousef Khader; Ridwaan Omar; Abdullah G. Amran; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Asja Celebić; Sanja Persic; Humeyra Kocaelli; Firas Suleyman; Abdulaziz A. Alkheraif; Darshan D. Divakar; Abdulbaset A. Mufadhal; Mohammed A. Al-Wesabi; Wadhah A. Alhajj; Mokhtar A. Aldumaini; Saadika Khan; Thiyezen A. Al-Dhelai; Ahmed Shaher Alqahtani; Ali H. Murad; Joseph E. Makzoumé; Shivani Kohli; Tareq A. ZiyadObjectives: E-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students. Methods: This online, multicounty survey involved undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools across 11 different countries. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, E-cigarette practices, self-reported complaints, and associated physiological changes due to E-cigarette smoking. Data were descriptively presented as frequencies and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to assess the potential associations between the study group and sub-groups with the different factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS at P<0.05. Results: Most respondents reported regular brushing of their teeth, whereas only 70% used additional oral hygiene aids. Reported frequencies of complaints ranged from as low as 3.3% for tongue inflammation to as high as 53.3% for headache, with significant differences between E-cigarette users and non-users. Compared to non-smokers, E-cigarette users reported significantly higher prevalence of dry mouth (33.1% vs. 23.4%; P<0.001), black tongue (5.9% vs. 2.8%; P=0.002), and heart palpitation (26.3%% vs. 22.8%; P=0.001). Although two-thirds of the sample reported no change in their physiological functions, E-cigarette users reported significant improvement in their physiological functions compared to never smokers or tobacco users. Conclusion: Dental students showed good oral hygiene practices, but E-cigarette users showed a higher prevalence of health complications.
- ItemOpen AccessProgram implementation gaps and ethical issues in the prevention of HIV infection among infants, children, and adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa(Springer Nature, 2019-10-29) Nadia A. Sam-Agudu; Morenike O. Folayan; Bridget G. HaireABSTRACT Strategies for HIV prevention among infants, children and adolescents have evolved significantly over the last 20 years. These include the global scale-up of simplified multidrug HIV regimens for pregnant women, leading to impressive reductions in new child HIV infections. However, significant gaps remain, especially in high HIV-burden sub-Saharan African countries. For example, many pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) are unable to access and sustain HIV testing and treatment partly due to low agency and harmful gender norms. Among pregnant WLHIV, adolescent girls face an additional layer of societal and health-system barriers in accessing care for themselves and their exposed infants. Legal and structural barriers limit access to HIV prevention-related sexual and reproductive health services among high-risk adolescents, including girls and young men who have sex with men. Key ethical issues underlying HIV prevention gaps for infants, children and adolescents prevail. This narrative review explores these issues and highlights counter - measures for programming and policy, including gender empowerment, improving access to, and appropriateness of critical health services, rights-based policy and legislation, closing research gaps, and considering the values and preferences of young people for HIV prevention and treatment services.
- ItemOpen AccessRape in Nigeria: a silent epidemic among adolescents with implications for HIV infection(Positive Action for Treatment Access, Lagos, Nigeria, 2014-02-23) Morenike O. Folayan; Morolake Odetoyinbo; Abigail Harrison; Brandon BrownAdolescents worldwide often face tremendous sexual violence; a growing problem and a leading reproductive health concern. The prevalence of this violence ranges between 15 and 40% in sub-Saharan Africa, with studies showing rates of sexual coercion and abuse among female adolescents in Nigeria between 11 and 55% (Citation1, Citation2). Little is known about the impact of rape on adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), and how their HIV status affects how they cope with this traumatic experience. A recent survey in Nigeria showed 31.4 and 5.7% of sexually active adolescent females and males, respectively, reported forced sex (rape) at sexual initiation (Citation3). The same study showed significantly more reported cases of rape among female ALHIV compared to their HIV-negative peers (p=0.008). Supporting literature from South Africa highlights rape as a risk factor for HIV in women (Citation4).