Browsing by Author "Nai, Ako"

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    Preponderance of bacterial isolates in urine of HIV-positive malaria-infected pregnant women with urinary tract infection
    (2014) Ebunoluwa, Adejuyigbe; Kwashie, Ajibade; Nai, Ako
    Original Article Preponderance of bacterial isolates in urine of HIV-positive malaria-infected pregnant women with urinary tract infection Kwashie Ajibade Ako-Nai1, Blessing Itohan Ebhodaghe1, Patrick Osho2, Ebun Adejuyigbe3, Folasade Mubiat Adeyemi4, Olakunle O Kassim5 1 Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria 2 HIV Programme, Department of Haematology, State Specialist Hospital Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria 3 Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria 4 Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria 5 Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, United States Abstract Introduction: This study examined HIV and malaria co-infection as a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnancy. The study group included 74 pregnant women, 20 to 42 years of age, who attended the antenatal clinic at the Specialist Hospital at Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. Methodology: Forty-four of the pregnant women were either HIV seropositive with malaria infection (HIV+Mal+) or HIV seropositive without malaria (HIV+Mal-). The remaining thirty pregnant women served as controls and included women HIV seronegative but with malaria (HIV-Mal+) and women HIV seronegative without malaria. UTI was indicated by a bacterial colony count of greater than 105/mL of urine, using cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient medium (CLED) as the primary isolation medium. Bacterial isolates were characterized using convectional bacteriological methods, and antibiotics sensitivity tests were carried out using the disk diffusion method. Results: A total of 246 bacterial isolates were recovered from the cultures, with a mean of 3.53 isolates per subject. Women who were HIV+Mal+ had the most diverse group of bacterial isolates and the highest frequency of UTIs. The bacterial isolates from the HIV+Mal+ women also showed the highest degree of antibiotic resistance. Conclusions: While pregnancy and HIV infection may each represent a risk factor for UTI, HIV and malaria co-infection may increase its frequency in pregnancy. The higher frequency of multiple antibiotic resistance observed among the isolates, particularly isolates from HIV+Mal+ subjects, poses a serious public health concern as these strains may aggravate the prognosis of both UTI and HIV infection