Browsing by Author "Ola B. Al-Batayneh"

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    Open Access
    Correction to: An ecological study on the association between universal health service coverage index, health expenditures, and early childhood caries
    (BMC oral health, 2021) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Jorma I. Virtanen; Carlos Alberto Feldens; Maher Rashwan; Arthur M. Kemoli; Rita Villena; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Rosa Amalia; Balgis Gafar; Simin Z. Mohebbi; Arheiam Arheiam; Hamideh Daryanavard; Ana Vukovic; Robert J. Schroth
    Background Universal health care (UHC) may assist families whose children are most prone to early childhood caries (ECC) in accessing dental treatment and prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the association between UHC, health expenditure and the global prevalence of ECC. Methods Health expenditure as percentage of gross domestic product, UHC service coverage index, and the percentage of 3–5-year-old children with ECC were compared among countries with various income levels using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Three linear regression models were developed, and each was adjusted for the country income level with the prevalence of ECC in 3–5-year-old children being the dependent variable. In model 1, UHC service coverage index was the independent variable whereas in model 2, the independent variable was the health expenditure as percentage of GDP. Model 3 included both independent variables together. Regression coefficients (B), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), P values, and partial eta squared (ƞ2) as measure of effect size were calculated. Results Linear regression including both independent factors revealed that health expenditure as percentage of GDP (P < 0.0001) was significantly associated with the percentage of ECC in 3–5-year-old children while UHC service coverage index was not significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC (P = 0.05). Every 1% increase in GDP allocated to health expenditure was associated with a 3.7% lower percentage of children with ECC (B = − 3.71, 95% CI: − 5.51, − 1.91). UHC service coverage index was not associated with the percentage of children with ECC (B = 0.61, 95% CI: − 0.01, 1.23). The impact of health expenditure on the prevalence of ECC was stronger than that of UHC coverage on the prevalence of ECC (ƞ2 = 0.18 vs. 0.05).
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    Open Access
    Oral health practices and self-reported adverse effects of E-cigarette use among dental students in 11 countries: an online survey
    (BMC Oral Health., 2022-05) Mohammed Nasser Alhajj; Sadeq Ali Al-Maweri; Morenike O. Folayan; Esam Halboub; Yousef Khader; Ridwaan Omar; Abdullah G. Amran; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Asja Celebić; Sanja Persic; Humeyra Kocaelli; Firas Suleyman; Abdulaziz A. Alkheraif; Darshan D. Divakar; Abdulbaset A. Mufadhal; Mohammed A. Al-Wesabi; Wadhah A. Alhajj; Mokhtar A. Aldumaini; Saadika Khan; Thiyezen A. Al-Dhelai; Ahmed Shaher Alqahtani; Ali H. Murad; Joseph E. Makzoumé; Shivani Kohli; Tareq A. Ziyad
    Objectives: E-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students. Methods: This online, multicounty survey involved undergraduate dental students from 20 dental schools across 11 different countries. The questionnaire included demographic characteristics, E-cigarette practices, self-reported complaints, and associated physiological changes due to E-cigarette smoking. Data were descriptively presented as frequencies and percentages. A Chi-square test was used to assess the potential associations between the study group and sub-groups with the different factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS at P<0.05. Results: Most respondents reported regular brushing of their teeth, whereas only 70% used additional oral hygiene aids. Reported frequencies of complaints ranged from as low as 3.3% for tongue inflammation to as high as 53.3% for headache, with significant differences between E-cigarette users and non-users. Compared to non-smokers, E-cigarette users reported significantly higher prevalence of dry mouth (33.1% vs. 23.4%; P<0.001), black tongue (5.9% vs. 2.8%; P=0.002), and heart palpitation (26.3%% vs. 22.8%; P=0.001). Although two-thirds of the sample reported no change in their physiological functions, E-cigarette users reported significant improvement in their physiological functions compared to never smokers or tobacco users. Conclusion: Dental students showed good oral hygiene practices, but E-cigarette users showed a higher prevalence of health complications.
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    Open Access
    Women’s economic empowerment, participation in decision-making and exposure to violence as risk indicators for early childhood caries
    (BMC Oral Health, 2020) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Ana Vukovic; Robert Schroth; Balgis Gaffar; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Rosa Amalia; Arheiam Arheiam; Mary Obiyan; Hamideh Daryanavard
    Objectives In view of the association between early childhood caries (ECC])and maternal social risk factors, this study tried to determine if there were associations between indicators of processes, outputs and outcomes of women’s empowerment, and the prevalence of ECC. Methods In this ecological study, indicators measuring the explanatory variables - economic empowerment, decision-making and violence against women - were selected from the Integrated Results and Resources Framework of the UN-Women Strategic Plan 2018–2021 and WHO database. Indicators measuring the outcome variables - the prevalence of ECC for children aged 0 to 2 years, and 3 to 5 years - were extracted from a published literature. The general linear models used to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables were adjusted for economic level of countries. Regression estimates (B), 95% confidence intervals and partial eta squared (η2) were calculated. Results Countries with more females living under 50% of median income had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year olds (B = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.12, 3.52). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in their own health care decisions had higher prevalence of ECC for 0 to 2-year-olds (B = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.67). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in decisions related to visiting family, relatives and friends had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year-olds (B = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.32). None of the indicators for violence against women was significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC. Conclusion Empowerment of women is a welcome social development that may have some negative impact on children’s oral health. Changes in policies and norms are needed to protect children’s oral health while empowering women.
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    Women’s economic empowerment, participation in decision-making and exposure to violence as risk indicators for early childhood caries
    (BMC Oral Health, 2020) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Maha El Tantawi; Ana Vukovic; Robert Schroth; Balgis Gaffar; Ola B. Al-Batayneh; Rosa Amalia; Arheiam Arheiam; Mary Obiyan; Hamideh Daryanavard; Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group
    Objectives: In view of the association between early childhood caries (ECC])and maternal social risk factors, this study tried to determine if there were associations between indicators of processes, outputs and outcomes of women’s empowerment, and the prevalence of ECC. Methods: In this ecological study, indicators measuring the explanatory variables - economic empowerment, decision-making and violence against women - were selected from the Integrated Results and Resources Framework of the UN-Women Strategic Plan 2018–2021 and WHO database. Indicators measuring the outcome variables - the prevalence of ECC for children aged 0 to 2 years, and 3 to 5 years - were extracted from a published literature. The general linear models used to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables were adjusted for economic level of countries. Regression estimates (B), 95% confidence intervals and partial eta squared (η2 ) were calculated. Results: Countries with more females living under 50% of median income had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year olds (B = 1.82, 95% CI = 0.12, 3.52). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in their own health care decisions had higher prevalence of ECC for 0 to 2-year-olds (B = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.67). Countries with higher percentage of women participating in decisions related to visiting family, relatives and friends had higher prevalence of ECC for 3 to 5-year-olds (B = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.32). None of the indicators for violence against women was significantly associated with the prevalence of ECC