Browsing by Author "Olorode, O."

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    Biosystematic Studies in Annonaceae I. Vegetative and Floral Morphological Studies of Some Species of Annona in Nigeria
    (2006) Folorunso, A. E.; Olorode, O.
    A morphological study of four species of Annona found in Nigeria and characterized as important under-utilized species was conducted in search of intrageneric characters which may be of taxonomic value in the identification and classification of the genus. Life plants, fruits, flowers and seeds were studied form mature plants in the experimental garden. Both qualitative and quantitative characters were recorded. Additional morphological characters of taxonomic value are eucamptodromous venation, inflated petiole, chasmogamous flower and distichous phyllotaxy.
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    Biosystematic Studies in Annonaceae II Vegetative and Floral Morphological Studies of Some Genera of Annonaceae in Nigeria
    (2008) Folorunso, A. E.; Olorode, O.
    A vegetative and floral morphological study of the species of Annonaceae found in Nigeria was conducted in search of intergeneric characters that may be of taxonomic value in the identification and classification of the species. Life plants, fruits, flowers and seeds were studied from mature plants in the experimental garden. Both qualitative and quantitative characters were recorded. The intergeneric relationships among and between the species of Annonaceae were reported and similarly, additional features that may be of taxonomic value in the classification and identification in the family and apocarpy, syncarpy phyllotaxy, monopody, sympody, fruit type and fruit shape have been provided.
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    Biosystematic Studies of some Species of the Tribe Cichorieae (Asteraceae) in Nigeria.
    (Obafemi Awolowo University, 1987) Adegbite, Emman Adegoke; Olorode, O.
    Five herbaceous species belonging to four genera of the tribe Cichorieae (Asteraceac) were characterised morphologically and cytologically. The species are Latuca capensis Thunb., Lactuca sativa Linn., Launaea taraxacifolia (Willd) Amin. ex C. Jeffrey, Picris humilis EC and Sonchus oleraceus Linn. The work is aimed at investigating the basis of intra-and inter-specific as well as intra-and inter-generic differences occurring among the species. It is envisaged that both the genetic and environmental components of the morphological differences among the species of the tribe could serve as a clue to the evolutionary relationship of the species. The plants and fruits (achenes) collected from different parts of Nigeria were transplanted or raised from achenes in the screen house to maturity. They were subjected to morphological, cytological (mitotic and meiotic), fertility (using pollen) and leaf anatomical studies. All the species with the exception of L. sativa (cultivated lettuce) are weeds. L. capensis, P. humilis and L. taraxacifolia are perennated by rootstocks and rhizomes, while L. sativa and S. oleraceus are annuals. The intra-specific and inter-specific variability of measured morphological attributes emphasises plastic responses to environmental conditions which characterizes weedy and colonizing species. The close resemblance between P.humilis and L. capensis, their ecological association and the general occurrence of characteristics that are diagnostic of the tribe in all the species suggest some genetic relationship and possibility of inter-generic and inter-specific hybridization among the species of the tribe. The persistence of intra-specific morphological differences in the species collected from different locations when raised under the same conditions implicates the genetic basis of some variations. Mitotic and meiotic chromosime studies corroborate previous observations on chromosome numbers for all the species. L. sativa, P. humilis and L. taraxacifolia have n=9 (2n=18) chromosomes, while L. capensis and S. oleraceus have n=8 (2n=16) and n=16 (2n=32) chromosomes respectively. Meiotic studies reveal normal formation of bivalents, though occasional multivalent associations at diplonema were recorded in L. sativa and L. taraxacifolia. From karyotype studies, the species were assigned karyotypic formulae which indicate numbers, size and centromere position of the chromosomes, L. capensis, 8Cnm; L. sativa, 3A nsm(-) + 3B nsm(-) =3Bnm: L. traxacifolia, 5bnm + 4Cnm; P. humilis, 1Anm + 8Bnm; and S. oleraceus, 2Cm + 14Cnm. The close genetic identity of the species can also be seen in the close pollen size, shape and sculpture. Occurrence of four germ pores on pollens of S. oleraceus underscores the probability that it is a polyloid. Pollen colour corresponds to the colour of the ligule, indicating that the same gene may condition both ligule colour and pollen colour. All the species showed high pollen fertility and anomocytic stomatal tyre.
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    Crude Protein Electrophoresis of Some Species of Annona in Nigeria
    (2006) Folorunso, A. E.; Olorode, O.
    Seeds of four species of Annona were collected from different latitudes and special ecological zones such as the wet forest, dry forest and derived savanna areas of Nigeria and the crude proteins were extracted and analysed by electrophoretic fractionation. The result shows that the band at 3.3 cm, 4.2cm and 4.7cm are common to the Annona species. Annona squamosa and A. reticulata have the highest number of common bands. The band at 1.4cm is common to both A. reticulata and A. muricata. The number and combination of protein bands were taxon-specific. These show the close genetic relationship of the species.
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    Cytological and Morphological Studies on Some Species of Vernonia Schreb (Asteraceae) in Nigeria.
    (Obafemi Awolowo University, 1987) Ayodele, Muyiwa Segun; Olorode, O.
    Seven species of Vernoxia viz: Yemenis cinerea, V biafrae, V pauciflora , V migeodi, V. temoreama, V. cenferta and V. amygdalina were collected and identified. Two other materials collected could not be identified for lack of appropriate specimens. Studies were carried out on morphological characteristics of some vegetative parts, number of flowers per head, seed characteristics and germinability, and potentials for vegetative reproduction. Studies on somatic chromosomes were carried out with a view to finding out the trend of karyotype evolution and the relationship of the latter to the evolution of growth forms in the genus. The species display a rather complex relationship with respect to their morphological attributes. The sizes of leaves varied among the species in relation to the type of ecological habitat. Three distinct sizes of flower heads (Capitula) were identified. There were variations in Number of florets and seeds per head even among species with about equal sizes of capitulum. The overall number of flowers and seeds per plant was higher in species with smaller flower heads. The small seed sizes were characteristic of species found in open communities. Various adaptive strategies were observed in respect of seed dispersal, germination and seedling establishment in sometimes different habitats from that of adult plants. Chemical or photoperiodic inductive of dormancy is suspected to be responsible for the poor terminability of seeds of some perennial species. The chromosome Numbers of the species fall into two major groups of n = 10 (2a = 20; 2m = 40) and m : 9 (2n = 18). The n = 10 (2n = 20) species include V. migeodi, V. conferta, and V. tenereana. The species with n = 9 (2m = 18) are V. ciuerea, V. biafrae ant V. pauciflora. V. amygdalina was the only polyploid in this study and had 2n = 40. Analysis of karyotype indicates that the n = 10 group seems to be more ancestral and therefore associated with more mature vegetational communities, while the m = 9 croup are more derived and sometimes show weedy tendencies.
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    Electrophoresis of Crude Protein of Seeds of Some Genera of Annonaceae
    (2002) Folorunso, A. E.; Olorode, O.
    Seeds of five genera of Annonaceae were collected from different latitudes and special ecological zones of Nigeria, the crude proteins were extracted and analysed by electrophoretic fractionation with a view to establishing whether they have evolutionary relationships and also to know the highest protein richness in them. 0.5ml of each protein sample was loaded into the gel tubes. A current of 1.5m A per gel was applied until stacking. The current was increased to 3m A per gel. The electrophoresis was allowed to run until the dye front was about 1cm from the bottom of the gel. The result shows that the band at 5.2cm is common among the genera except in Dennettia tripetala. Intergeneric bands were observed between pairs of genera in the family. The highest intergeneric band is between Greenwayodenron suaveolens and Xylopia aethiopica at 0.2cm, 5cm and 5.1. The presence of common bands among the genera of Annonacea shows evidence of common evolutionary origin in them.
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    Genetic Studies on Cassia Occidentalis Linn.
    (Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Oloruntoba, Oluyemisi Grace; Olorode, O.
    Cassia occidentalis is a compound-leaved, mono-capellary, woody shrub of waste places. Its other accession, Cassia sp. is a simple-leaved, multi-capellary, woody shrub also inhabiting waste places but with a more restricted distribution. It is an unusual Cassia plant since multi-capellary condition and the simple leaf form are unusual and apparently unrecorded for the genus. Genetic studies showed both plants to be closely related and to produce a fertile hybrid. The mode of inheritance of leaf form and carpel number was observed to be monogenic, the simple-leaved multi-capellary condition being recessive to the compound-leaved, mono-capellary condition. Anatomical studies on transverse sections through the petiole of the different leaf types encountered in the two accessions, revealed an evolutionary progression which was interpreted as a progression from the simple leaf form to the compound leaf form. The possibility of Cassia sp. originating from C. occidentalis as a result of simple mutational events was suggested. A simple event of hybridization between the two Cassia accessions can create considerable confusion for taxonomic work. For this reason, giving so much weight to the simple-leaf/compound-leaf and one carpe l/ many-carpel dichotomies in suprageneric plant classification deserves considerable caution.
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    Karyotype Studies in Some Species Of the Family Annonaceae
    (2007) Folorunso, A. E.; Olorode, O.
    Seeds of various accessions of Annona muricata, Greenwayodendron suaveolens and Cleistopholis patens were collected from the wet forest, dry forest and derived savanna areas of Nigeria to determine their karyotype. Each of the species has a chromosome number of n = 7 (2n = 14). A pair of satellited chromosomes was observed in the genome of Greenwayodendron suaveolens and Cleistopholis patens. The centromeric positions in the species of Annonaceae investigated are nearly median with predominance of large chromosome types. The karyotypes were similar within the species studied, with small intra-and inter-generic variations in terms of size. The karyotypic patterns suggest that there is no evidence of chromosome rearrangement in their evolution.