Browsing by Author "Sakpere, A. M. A."

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    Callus Initiation and Plant Regeneration of Caladium Bicolor (AITON) Vent: By in Vitro C ulture
    (2005) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Adebona, A. C.
    A method for the direct plant regeneration of Caladium bicolor (Aiton) Vent is described. Callus was induced from corm and leaf explants of C. bicolor on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.8 mg/L2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in combination with 1mg/l kinetin. The callus which was white arid compact was scanty and shortlived. Rootlets and shootlets were generated on corm explants inoculated on medium supplemented with kinetin and NAA as well as various concentrations of 2,4-D. Corm and leaf explants had a 50 % response each to all the concentrations of 2.4-D used. More callus was induced from leaf explants than from petiole or corm explants.
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    The Growth of Launaea taraxacifolia (Asteraceae) and its Response to Shading
    (2008) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Aremu, O. A.
    Some baseline information on the growth of Launacea taraxacifolia (Wild) Amin Ex. C. Jeffrey was gathered. Rhizomes sprouted within 10 days. The sprouted rosettes bolts in about 56 Days After Planting (DAP) and seeds are formed in about 70 - 75 DAP. There was only 17% branching in the shoot. Number of flowering branches and number of buds on each flowering branch among other reproductive parameters were observed. Differences were observed in the habit and growth of L. taraxacifolia grown in the open and under shade. All growth parameters, except plant height, were significantly reduced by shading (although this was reversed during the flowering stage). Plants in the shade did not flower at all. Nutritionally, L. taraxacifolia was observed to be a good source of mineral elements like Phosphorus and Iron. It also contains some protein. The best time for the harvest appears to be between the 6th and 8th weeks after planting.
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    Micropropagation of Two Caladium Species
    (2007) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Adebona, A. C.
    Great differences occur in cell division and regenerative capacity between plants even within a single species. Therefore difference in callus induction and plant regeneration abilities of two Caladium species - Caladium bicolor and Caladium humboldtii was studied by culturing them on different combinations of growth regulators. Caladium humboldtii was found to be the more responsive genotype for callus induction while Caladium bicolor was the more responsive genotype for plant regeneration. Roots and shoots were more readily generated on corm explants in combinations of Kinetin and Naphtalene Acetic Acid (NAA) than in media containing different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) and 1 mg/L Kinetin. Callus was generated on tubers of both species on media supplemented with 0.8 mg/L 2,4-D and 1 mg/L Kinetin.
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    Somaclonal Variation and its Effect on Foliar Epidermal Characters of Caladium humboldtii Schott
    (2007) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Adedeji, O.
    The ornamental value of Caladium species cannot be overemphasized and tissue culture is increasingly being employed in their propagation. Somaclonal variation is also exploited for the generation of new cultivars for the ornamental market. These variations essentially affect leaf morphology. Therefore, to see if there are corresponding anatomical differences, foliar epidermal studies were carried out on parent plant, Caladium humboldtii Schott, and a somaclonal variant (C. humboldtii 'Sakpere') derived from tuber explants cultured on full strength Murashige & Skoog's (1962) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.4 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 1.0 mg/L kinetin. Morphological differences observed were in the shape and colour of leaves of the in vitro derived plantlets. Foliar epidermal studies revealed significant differences in size of epidermal cells, stomatal index and stomatal size of the parent plant and the somaclonal variant. Circular-shaped stomata were encountered in C. humboldtii, these were sparse to absent in C. humboldtii 'Sakpere'.
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    Tissue Culture Derived Plantlet Variation in Caladium humboldtii Schott
    (2007) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Adebona, A. C.
    Callus cultures were initiated from corm and petiole explants of C. humboldtii on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium (MS) supplemented with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (0.4mg/l - 1.6mg/l) in combination with Kinetin (1mg/l) in the dark. Callus was induced on media supplemented with 0.8mg/l 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) in combination with kinetin (1mg/l) and callus induced on this media showed the best growth. Direct regeneration potential was higher in corm than in leaf explants. Regeneration was not achieved in petiole explants. De novo plant regeneration from callus cultures was not achieved and somatic embryogenesis did not yield any plantlets. Morphological differences were observed among the regenerated plantlets of C. humboldtii on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) supplemented with 2, 4-D (0.4mg/l) in combination with 1mg/l Kinetin. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed only 1 band each in the control and in the regenerants, however, the position of the bands were different. The result indicates that variation has occurred during in vitro culture. In conclusion, it has not been possible to generate plantlets from callus and it has also not been possible to advance the callus beyond the early stage of embryo development. The findings however include production of a new cultivar of C. humboldtii, initiation/growth of callus and direct regeneration of plantlets in the dark.