Browsing by Author "Sonibare, Jacob"

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    Estimation of sulphur dioxide emission from consumption of premium motor spirit and automotive gas oil in Nigeria
    (Cogent Environmental Science, 2017-05-17) Okedere, O.B.; Ajala, Olawale E.; Sonibare, Jacob; Adesina, Olusola
    Abstract: This paper estimated the annual levels of sulphur dioxide (SO2 ) from consumption of premium motor spirit (PMS) and automotive gas oil (AGO) across the States and Regions of Nigeria. This was with a view to estimating the per capita and land distributions of emissions. Annual fuel consumption, average fuel sulphur contents and emission factors were combined to estimate the annual levels of SO2 . Per capita and land distributions of emissions were then established using population and land area, respectively. Results showed that Lagos and Ogun States had the maximum SO2 emissions from consumption of PMS and AGO, respectively, in 2012. Between 2001 and 2014; most of the SO2 emissions from consumption of PMS and AGO came from the South-western and South-southern regions of the country, respectively. Based on projected future fuel consumption, annual SO2 emissions from utilization of PMS and AGO are projected to further increase over their 2014 estimates. Interim measure suggested for mitigation of SO2 emission is the importation of refined products with highly reduced sulphur contents. Medium to long-term measures include building of more refineries locally to make use of Nigeria’s crude oil which is generally low in sulphur content and a massive improvement in the country’s energy generation so as to lower the demand pressure on refined petroleum products.
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    Personal exposures to particulate matter in various modes of transport in Lagos city, Nigeria
    (Cogent Enviromental Science, 2016-11-17) Odekanle, Ebenezer Leke; Fakinle, Bamidele Sunday; Akeredolu, F.A; Sonibare, Jacob
    Urban air pollution continues to be a major problem in Nigerian cities. Most studies of air pollution in Nigeria have concentrated on the background air quality and its eects on people outside vehicles. However, it has been suggested that in-vehicle pollution is often worse than pollution outside the vehicle. This study focuses on personal exposures to PM10 and PM2.5 in various modes of transportation in Lagos city. Six roadways which are representative of commercial, industrial, and residential areas of the city were selected. Measurements were made inside four major modes of transportation in the city: cars, buses, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT), and walking for PM10 and PM2.5. Measurements were done for each mode twice a day (morning and afternoon) for 12days. The highest average PM10 and PM2.5 concentra- tions were measured for pedestrian (476.35 and 216.60μg/m3, respectively) dur- ing rush hours. The result showed that pedestrians were found to be exposed to the highest average PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations, while commuters in cars, BRT and buses were exposed to respective decreasing concentrations of PM10. Similarly, commuters in BRT were exposed to the lowest concentrations of PM2.5 regardless of time of day. The results obtained were much higher than the results for London but comparable to Mexico city and Taiwan’s results. This study has provided information that can help commuters to choose appropriate travel behavior that can minimize their exposure to particulate matter
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    Total Sulfur Levels in Refined Petroleum Products of Southwestern Nigeria Using UV/VIS Spectrophotometer
    (Taylor & Francis, 2014-12-08) Olatunji, Samuel; Adeniran, Jamiu Adetayo; Fakinle, Bamidele Sunday; Sonibare, Jacob
    This study employed turbidimetric method using a UV/VIS spectrophotometer to determine the total sulfur levels of refined petroleum products in Southwestern Nigeria. The sulfur concentrations in the analyzed fuel samples were 0.0019–0.0178 wt% and 0.027–0.169 wt% for gasoline and diesel, respectively. Sulfur levels in the selected samples were below the Nigerian standard for gasoline and diesel while 89.9% of the samples exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency standard. The turbidimetric method showed better performance than the gravimetric method. The results gave insight into the adverse environmental impact the nonuniform quality of fuels imported could pose to the country