Recovery of Hydrocarbon Content of Spent Lubricating Oil
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Date
2016
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Publisher
Obafemi Awolowo University
Abstract
The thrust of the study was to find an alternative use for spent lubricating oil. It characterized spent and fresh lubricating oil samples and fractionated the spent oil to recover the hydrocarbon content. It further characterized the recovered hydrocarbon. This is with the view to eliminating this waste which is a serious environmental pollutant.
Samples of spent oil were collected from automechanic workshops in Ile-Ife. The collected spent oil samples were characterized; and afterwards mixed with water and allowed to settle for 72 hours. It was then fractionated in a controlled distillation set-up at 176oC; after which the residue was centrifuged, and decanted to remove all solid particles that were present. The liquid products were analysed using GC-MS.
The study showed that the weight percentage of moisture and solids present in the spent lubricating oil were 10.56% and 0.38% respectively. The viscosities of the spent lubricating oil and fresh lubricating oil at 28.5oC were 1166.9728 and 144259.2460 cm2/s while their densities at the same temperature were found to be 0.8004 and 0.8556 g/ml respectively. The products of the distillation process were in three layers, these were named top product, bottom product, and residue. The viscosities of the three products were 327.069, 356.832 and 1040.760 cm2/s while their densities were estimated to be 0.9150, 0.9572, 0.8510 g/ml respectively at 28.5oC. Hydrocarbons identified in the recovered products were predominantly aromatic compounds in the carbon range less than or equal to 20 carbons, with very few exception. 2-tert-butyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridine and methyl-2-phenyl-5-(1,4-dihydropyridin-4-ylidene)-1,3dioxan-4,6-dione were pyridine derivatives identified in the fresh and the spent lubricating oil respectively. Unsaturated compounds such as styrene, 1,7-dimethyl-3-phenyltricyclo[4.1.0.0(2,7)]hept-3-ene, cymene, naphtalene, cyclopentene, 1,2-dimethyl-4-methylene-3phenyl indene and some others were prevalent in the spent oil, while almost not present in the fresh oil. Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in the form of esters and alkanols, such as 2,5-octadecadiynoic acid, methyl ester, 2,9-heptadecadiene-4,6diyn-8-ol, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid, methyl ester, 2-hexadecanol, 1,3,5-trimethyl benzene, and some others were identified in spent oil. Also, heterocyclic ringed hydrocarbons with maximum unsaturation, 3H-cycloocta[c]pyran-3-one, 5,6,7,8,10-hexahydro-4-isopropyl-1-phenyl was identified in the fresh lubricating oil while, 1H-indene, 2,3-dihydro-5-methyl, 1H-indene, 2,3-dihydro-1,2-dimethyl, 1H-indene, 2,3-dihydro-4,7-dimethyl and 3-(2-methyl-propenyl)-1H-indene were also found.
The study concluded that the hydrocarbon content of spent lubricating oil makes them useful as potential industrial chemical feedstock.
Description
xii,83 Pages.
Keywords
Hydrocarbon Content, Lubricating Oil, Automechanic, Ile-Ife, Industrial Chemical
Citation
Bello,T.K(2016).Recovery of hydrocarbon content of spent lubricating oil.Obafemi Awolowo University.