High level leaching of heavy metals from colorful ceramic foodwares: a potential risk to human
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Date
2017-06-05
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer publishing
Abstract
Abstract Ceramic foodwares are among the products used by
people on daily basis without being cautious of exposures to
heavy metals through possible leaching from the glaze ce-
ramics. This study investigated the levels of heavy metals
foundinsomecommonlyusedceramicfoodwaresin
Nigeria with the aim of determining levels of human expo-
sures through the use of the ceramics. To achieve this, acid
digestion was carried out for the total metal concentrations and
leaching tests were done using 4% acetic acid as a leaching
agent. Metal concentrations were quantified using flame
atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) and particle-induced
X-ray emission spectrometry (PIXES) analysis. All the ceram-
ic foodwares studied were found to contain varied amounts of
heavy metals in their glazes, with concentrations in the range
of 26.45–2071.46, 5.20–547.00, 1.24–2681.02, 2590.00–
8848.40, 6.42–654.66, 112.69–649.95, 63.38–2518.51, and
3786.51–8249.44 μgg
−1
for Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Cu, Cr, Mn,
and Fe, respectively. Concentrations of the metals leached
from the ceramics were in the range of 0.11–0.97, 0.01–
0.28, 0.00–4.19, 1.93–15.00, 0.01–0.41, 0.09–0.60, 0.01–
2.14, and 0.01–11.53 mgL
−1
for Pb, Cd, Zn, As, Cu, Cr,
Mn, and Fe, respectively. Comparing the ratio of the metals
leached from the ceramic wares with those of the metal oxides
in the ceramics, it was noticeable that not all the metals de-
tected in the ceramic samples were domiciled in the glaze but
in the clay materials used for the ceramics.
Description
Environ Sci Pollut Res, Vol. 24, No. 20, 17116-17126 p.
Keywords
Ceramic foodwares, Heavy metals, Leaching, Safety, Adverse effects