Department of Botany-Journal Articles

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Comparative Foliar Anatomy of Ten Species in the Genus Hibiscus Linn. in Nigeria
(2004) Adedeji, O.; Illoh, H. C.
The foliar anatomy of ten species of Hibiscus in Nigeria is described. The distinguishing characters of taxonomic value include the variation in the shapes of petioles in the proximal region, the variation in the number and arrangement of the vascular bundles, presence or absence of medullary bundles in the pith at the distal end of the petiole, types of trichomes on the lamina and petioles and presence or absence of cuticular striations on the epidermal surfaces. Druses of calcium oxalate crystals occur generally in the genus, however, occurrence, distribution and quantity of these crystals is quite diagnostic on the adaxial and abaxial epidermal surfaces of H. rostellatus.
Open Access
Comparative Study of the Biochemical Properties of the Fruits of Wild (Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium Jusl. (Mill.)) and the Cultivated (L. esculentum Mill.) Tomato Cultivars in Nigeria
(2004) Adedeji, O.; Adewale, I. O
The fruits of three cultivars of the cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and the wild species (L. pimpinellifolium ) were analysed and compared for their biochemical properties. Ripe fruits at the orange-red stage were used for all the analyses. Both the cultivated and the wild tomato species showed high moisture contents. The wild tomato cultivar had a higher crude protein content and quantitatively, represents the better source of protein intake when compared with the cultivated cultivars. The crude fibre content was highest in L. esculentum cv. Roma V.F. The ash content was higher in the lbadan local and wild cultivars than in the other cultivars. Peroxidase activity was found to be highest in L. pimpinellifoliun while catalase activity was highest in L, esculentum cv Ife-1. Glutathione transferase activities was negligible in all the samples analysed.
Open Access
Foliar Epidermal Studies of Thirty-Five Accessions of Panicum Maximum Jacq. in Nigeria
(Today & Tomorrow's, 2001) Adedeji, O.; Faluyi, J. O.
The foliar epidermis of 35 accessions of Panicum maximum, were studied. The results show that all the accessions are amphistomatic possessing paracytic type of stomata on both the adaxial and abaxial epidermal surfaces. The subsidiary cells are predominantly triangular in shape but often low-dome too. The intercostals short cells are mostly solitary but occasionally paired, often associated with silica containing cells. Prickle hair are generally absent on the costal zone of the abaxial surface but present on the costal zone of the adaxial surface and intercostal zones of both surfaces at different frequencies. The microhair also occurs at different frequencies. Accession 35 collected from a transition zone marking the southern end of major distribution of P. maximum is unique in having the biggest stomata size and 3 - 4 stomata bands on the intercostal zone. The implication of this as related to the ecologies of' the Sahel, Guinea and Sudan Savanna Zones of Nigeria is discussed.
Open Access
Foliar Epidermal Studies, Organographic Distribution and Taxonomic Importance of Trichomes in the Family Solanaceae
(Asian Network for Scientific Information, 2007) Adedeji, O.; Ajuwon, O. Y.; Babawale, O. O.
The leaf epidermal and organographic distribution of trichomes studies were carried out on nine species in four genera in the family Solanaceae. Distinctive anatomical characters which indicate close interrelationship amongst the genera and species include presence of trichomes on leaf epidermal surfaces, petiole, stem, pedicel, sepal and petal surfaces, amphistomatic leaf surfaces, anisocytic to anomocytic stomatal types, polygonal, occasionally irregular epidermal cell shape on the adaxial epidermal surfaces and generally lower number of stomata on the adaxial surface. Some characters can be used to separate the genera within the family and also the species within each genus. These include anticlinal walls on the adaxial and abaxial epidermal surfaces, stomata1 types in addition to the basic anisocytic to anomocytic stomatal complex types. S. nigrum in the genus Solanum has the highest number of stomatal types. Noteworthy is the presence of protrusions on the stomata of the species in the genus Lycopersicon which is absent in the species of the other genera. The different trichome types have differing organographic distributions within the same species and within the same genus in the family. This can be useful in the identification of the species and even their corresponding organs such as leaf, stem, petiole, etc. which would be of interest to pharmacognosists, archaeobotanists, palaeobotanists and agronomists. Capsicum annuum can be separated from C. frutescens and C. chinense on the basis of the organographic distribution of the trichomes. Solanum torvum is the only species in the genus Solanum and in the species of the family Solanaceae studied with stellate non-glandular trichomes on the adaxial and abaxial epidermal surfaces. The spine-like non-glandular trichome type observed in Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium was completely absent in all the plant parts of Lycopersicon lycopersicum cv Roma VF. This can be used to delimit the two species in the genus. The unique bicellular to multicellular stalk glandular trichomes of Nicotiana tabacum, a mono-species genus in Nigeria are reported. They are believed to be responsible for the unique smell that emanates from N. tabacum. The genus Nicotiana is the only genus in the family with multicellular stalk glandular trichomes.
Open Access
Forage Yield and Nutritive Value Assessments in Some Accessions of Panicum Maximum Jacq.
(2003) Adedeji, O.; Faluyi, J. O.
Twenty accessions of Panicum maximum Jacq.were assessed for their forage yield and nutritive value attributes. Results revealed that number of tillers per plant stand and dry matter yields of culm, leafy portion and above ground plant were the parameters involved in the determination of forage yield. The nutritive value studies showed that Crude Protein, Potassium, Nitrogen, Sodium and Calcium concentrations were within the recommended range for animal feed, while Magnesium and Phosphorus levels were below the recommended range.
Open Access
Importance of Leaf Epidermal Characters in the Asteraceae Family
(2008) Adedeji, O.; Jewoola, O. A.
A comparative study of the leaf epidermis of twelve species in the Compositae (Asteraceae) family was undertaken in order to document characters that are important in the taxonomy of the family. It was observed that trichomes can be successfully used for the delimitation of genera within the family. Within each species however, there are varied assortment of trichomes with occasional transitions among them. Launaea taraxacifolia was unique in being the only species without any trichomes. Stellate trichome type and K-shaped or tetraradiate trichomes were observed in Tridax procumbens only. The genus Vernonia can be delimited from the other genera by the possession of T - shaped trichomes which are absent in the other genera, while amoeboid-shaped trichomes can be found in the genus Chromolaena only. Within the same genus, the species can also be delimited on the basis of possession of unique trichome types, for example in the genera Vernonia and Emilia. Cuticular striations occur in only two species out of the twelve studied, on the abaxial surface of V. amygdalina and on both surfaces of Bidens pilosa. Four stomatal types were recorded for the family, anomocytic, brachyparacytic, anisocytic and diacytic. Stomatal type was observed to delimit not only at generic level, but also at specific or species level. Ageratum conyzoides and Syndrella nodiflora are the only two species with occasional diacytic stomatal types. Results of the statistical correlation analysis for stomatal size and stomatal index at the 0.05 and 0.01 levels revealed high positive correlation for species in the same tribe, as well as for species in different tribes affirming close interrelationship and overlap of the values of stomatal indices and sizes within the family. Foliar anatomical characters that justify the separation of Vernonia amygdalina and Vernonia cinerea into separate tribes are highlighted.
Open Access
Karyotype Studies in Panicum Maximum Jacq
(2003) Adedeji, O.; Faluyi, J. O.
Thirty-five accessions of Panicum maximum Jacq were collected from parts of the states of South-western Nigeria to determine the karyotype. The chromosome number is 2n = 32. They are largely sub-metacentric medium small, only chromosome pair one is submetacentric medium large. All accessions studied have symmetrical karyotype. The katyotypic pattern shows that the chromosomes can be grouped into eight groups of four and some size differentials are also recognized within each of the groups. Mitotic metaphase chromosome characters were used to assign the karyotypic formula 1Csm + 15Bsm for P. maximum.
Open Access
Meiotic Chromosome Dynamics in Some Populations of Panicum Maximum Jacq. in Southwestern Nigeria
(Today & Tomorrow's, 2002) Adedeji, O.; Faluyi, J. O.
Thirty-five accessions of Panicum maximum Jacq. were collected from parts of the states of southwestern Nigeria to study the meiotic dynamics of the populations. The accessions group into two field forms: the heavy tillering, robust, tall, long and broad-leafed with relatively fat culm and the low-tillering, not so robust, moderately tall, not so long .and narrow-leafed with thin culms. All accessions studied have chromosome number 2n = 32, including the accessions from the Oil Palm Plantation at Apoje, Ijebu-Igbo in Ogun State, for which a chromosome number of 2n = 28 had previously been reported. How this chromosome number could have been arrived at is discussed. Meiotic irregularities of quadrivalents and univalents occurred with high frequency. A mean of about 13 bivalents per cell with regular occurrence of 1 5 quadrivalents per cell suggest that P. maximum is a segmental allopolyploid.
Open Access
Occurrence of Hermaphroditic Plants of Carica papaya L. (Caricaceae) in Southwestern Nigeria
(Academic Journals, 2006) Odu, E. A.; Adedeji, O.; Adebowale, A.
Morphological studies of the three sex types of Carica papaya L. were carried out in order to elucidate the floral differences of the sex types and complex the germination ability of the hermaphroditic and female plant seeds. Floral characteristics that are taxonomically important in delimiting the three sex types include type of inflorescence, petal size, presence or absence and size of corolla tube, size of ovary and fruit shape. Among the fruiting forms, the seeds from female plants germinate faster and have a higher germination index than the seeds from hermaphroditic plants. Nutritive value studies revealed that the fruits on female plants are comparatively more nutritious than the hermaphroditic fruits.
Open Access
Pollen Grain Morphology of Three Species and a Variety of Ocimum Linn.. (Lamiaceae) in Southwestern Nigeria
(Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), 2009) Arogundade, O. O.; Adedeji, O.
Pollen grains from fresh anthers of three species and a variety of Ocimum occurring in South Western Nigeria were collected and acetolysed. This was in an attempt to use the pollen characteristics to delimit, classify and trace probable evolutionary relationships among the taxa. The structural morphology of the pollen grains carried out with a light microscope is reported. Character measured on the pollen grains were pollen diameter, pollen wall thickness, depth of colpi, distance between colpi pore diameter. This was done with the aid of an ocular micrometer. Number of pores per pollen was counted. Pollen grain sizes of the species and the variety of Ocimum studied fall into two groups, Media (diameter 25 – 50 υm) and Magna (diameter 50 – 100 υm). All the species and the variety had acolpate and hexacolpate pollen grains. Heptacolpate and octacolpate pollen grains which are advanced types of pollen grains were encountered in O. canum only. These advanced types of pollen grains are a mark of recent evolutionary development in the species.
Open Access
Pollen Morphology of the Three Species of the Genus Emilia CASS. (Asteraceae) from Nigeria
(2005) Adedeji, O.
The structural morphology of the pollen grains of the three species of Emilia occurring in Nigeria is reported. The report is based on the study carried out with a light microscope on acetolysed pollen grains. Observations from this investigation show that E. coccinea with more acolpate and monocolpate pollen grains is the most primitive out of the three species studied. Tetracolpate pollen grain which is an advanced type of pollen grain was observed in E. praetermissa alone affirming that this taxon is more advanced than the other two taxa investigated. So based on this study, the order E.coccinea followed by E. sonchifolia followed by E. praetemissa in ascending order of recent evolutionary development is strongly affirmed. Moreover out of all the pollen -grain attributes statistically analysed, number of pores on the pollen grains is an attribute that can be used effectively and reliably to separate, delimit and classify the species of Ernilia.
Open Access
Somaclonal Variation and its Effect on Foliar Epidermal Characters of Caladium humboldtii Schott
(2007) Sakpere, A. M. A.; Adedeji, O.
The ornamental value of Caladium species cannot be overemphasized and tissue culture is increasingly being employed in their propagation. Somaclonal variation is also exploited for the generation of new cultivars for the ornamental market. These variations essentially affect leaf morphology. Therefore, to see if there are corresponding anatomical differences, foliar epidermal studies were carried out on parent plant, Caladium humboldtii Schott, and a somaclonal variant (C. humboldtii 'Sakpere') derived from tuber explants cultured on full strength Murashige & Skoog's (1962) medium supplemented with 3% (w/v) sucrose and 0.4 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 1.0 mg/L kinetin. Morphological differences observed were in the shape and colour of leaves of the in vitro derived plantlets. Foliar epidermal studies revealed significant differences in size of epidermal cells, stomatal index and stomatal size of the parent plant and the somaclonal variant. Circular-shaped stomata were encountered in C. humboldtii, these were sparse to absent in C. humboldtii 'Sakpere'.
Open Access
Studies on the Reproductive Biology of Emilia (Asteraceae - Senecioneae) 2. Floret Number, reproductive Propagules and Seed Germination
(2006) Adedeji, O.
Floret number displayed low variability within each species and is statistically species-specific, and thus considered of great diagnostic value in taxonomic evaluation within the genus Emilia CASS. (Asteraceae-Senecioneae). Two reproductive propagules were identified in the genus Emilia, viz. the seeds and the adventitious roots. The incidence of production of adventitious roots was highest in E. coccinea. E. praetermissa Milne-Redh., the allotetraploid hybrid of E. coccinea (SIMS) G. DON and E. sonchifolia (L.) DC., had the shortest number of days to germination and the highest percentage germination performance. The compensatory balance between the two reproductive propagules in the genus is highlighted.
Open Access
Vegetative and Floral Morphological Studies of Some Species of Hibiscus Linn. in Nigeria
(2005) Adedeji, O.; Illoh, H. C.
A morphological study of ten species of Hibiscus found in Nigeria was conducted in search of useful and stable characters which may enhance the knowledge of the taxonomic status of the genus. Both qualitative and quantitative characters were recorded. Characters of taxonomic value not recorded in the flora of West Tropical Africa include, habit, leaf bases, stipule shape, petal shape, fruit shapes and apices. A new key to the Hibiscus species is included.

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