Browsing by Author "Somade, B."

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    The Effect of Dietary Protein and Palm Oil on Performance, Age, and Weight at Puberty of Indigenous Pigs in Nigeria
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ife, 1984) Ilori, J. O.; Yusuph, N. A.; Somade, B.
    Forty-eight indigenous pigs averaging 89.6 days in age and 12.9 kg body weight were used in a 4 x 2 factorial experiment. Dietary treatments were 15 and 18% levels of protein and 0, 2, 4 and 8% levels of palm oil, added to each protein level. The diets were fed ad libitum and water was available at all times until the onset of puberty (first estrus). Increasing the protein content of the diet gave significantly higher rates and efficiency of gain in pigs. Increasing the palm oil content of the basal 15 or 18% protein diet improved rate and efficiency of gain up to 4% palm oil level in the 18% protein diet but only up to 2% palm oil level in the 15% protein diet, indicating a need for increased dietary palm oil/energy with increased protein intake to maintain conversion efficiency. Increasing the palm oil content of the basal 15% or 18% protein diet improved feed consumption at all palm oil levels in the 15% protein diets but only up to 4% palm oil level, in the 18% protein diets. Increasing the protein content of the diet resulted in heavier and younger pigs at puberty. Increasing the palm oil content of a basal 15% or 18% protein diet did not appreciably affect big weights at puberty (range 33.3 to 36.1 kg) unlike age of pigs at puberty which was significantly reduced (range 152.3 to 167.5 days) by increasing dietary palm oil levels.
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    The Effect of Environment on Reproductive Performance of Dairy Cattle in South Western Nigeria
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ife, 1982) Somade, B.
    The effect of environment on the reproductive performance of 50 Holstein cows at the Iwo Road Dairy Farm of Oyo State, Nigeria, was evaluated by summarising and analysing data collected on the cows over a seven year period (January 1970 to December 1976).Two main seasons were discernible from the rainfall and temperature data: (i) the dry season with a mean rainfall of 36mm and mean maximum and minimum temperatures of 31.6oC and 22.3oC respective1y;and (ii) the wet season with a mean rainfall of 176 mm and mean maximum and minimum temperatures of 29.s0c and 22.7% respectively. These seasonal variations adversely affected reproductive performance. Data collected for the dry and wet seasons respectively were: services per conception, 3.7.and 2.5; number of conceptions, 35 and 121; first oestrus after calving, 61 and 50;days from first service to conception, 64 and 52; and number of claves born, 53 and 91.
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    An Evaluation of Damage to Bovine Spermatozoa during Processing, Freezing and Thawing II. Effect on Motility, Percentage Live and Ultrastructure of Spermatozoa
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ife, 1979) Somade, B.; King, G. J.; Macpherson, J. W.
    Thirty semen samples from five bulls were processed and frozen. Each ejaculate was evaluated for percent progressive motility, percent live spermatozoa and percentage of heads, tails and mid-pieces with intact plasma membrane after collections, after extension and cooling just before freezing and after thawing. The greatest decrease in both motility and percent live spermatozoa occurred before freezing. More spermatozoa heads were damaged at each phase of processing for freezing than mid-pieces and tails and there was also a greater number of damaged spermatozoa before freezing than after freezing and thawing.
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    An Evaluation of Damage to Bovine Spermatozoa during Processing, Freezing and Thawing. I Leakage of Glutamic-oxaloactetic transaminase [GOT] from Spermatozoa
    (Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ife, 1979) Somade, B.; King, G. J.; Machperson, J. W.
    The activity of glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in the seminal plasma of thirty ejaculates after collection; after extension, cooling and equilibration just before freezing; and after freezing and thawing were determined. After correction for the reduction in the activity of GOT caused by the extender and low temperatures the activity of the enzyme was higher (P 0.05) in post thaw semen than in either ejaculated or equilibrated semen just before freezing. However, the pre-freeze leakage of GOT from spermatozoa was similar to the leakage caused by freezing and thawing. The significance of these findings in relation to the use, of GOT activity in seminal plasma as an index of spermatozoa damage were discussed.