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- ItemOpen AccessOral health practices and self-reported adverse effects of E-cigarette use among dental students in 11 countries: an online survey.(BMC Oral Health, 0022-01-26) Alhajj, Mohammed Nasser; Al-Maweri, Sadeq Ali; Folayan, Morenike O; Halboub, Esam; Khader, Yousef; Omar, Ridwaan; Amran, Abdullah G; Al-Batayneh, Ola B; Celebić, Asja; Persic, Sanja; Kocaelli, Humeyra; Suleyman, Firas; Alkheraif, Abdulaziz A; Divakar, Darshan D; Mufadhal, Abdulbaset A; Al-Wesabi, Mohammed A; Alhajj, Wadhah A; Aldumaini, Mokhtar A; Khan, Saadika; Al-Dhelai, Thiyezen A; Alqahtani, Ahmed Shaher; Murad, Ali H; Makzoumé, Joseph E; Kohli, Shivani; Ziyad, Tareq AE-cigarette use has become popular, particularly among the youth. Its use is associated with harmful general and oral health consequences. This survey aimed to assess self-reported oral hygiene practices, oral and general health events, and changes in physiological functions (including physical status, smell, taste, breathing, appetite, etc.) due to E-cigarette use among dental students.
- ItemOpen AccessCommunity Inclusion in PrEP Demonstration Projects: Lessons for Scaling Up.(plos one, 0201) Reza-Paul, Sushena; Lazarus, Lisa; Jana, Smarajit; Ray, Protim; Mugo, Nelly; Ngure, Kenneth; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Durueke, Florita; Idoko, John; Béhanzin, Luc; Alary, Michel; Gueye, Daouda; Sarr, Moussa; Mukoma, Wanjiru; Kyongo, Jordan K; Bothma, Rutendo; Eakle, Robyn; Dallabetta, Gina; Presley, Josie; Lorway, RobertPre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as a new HIV prevention strategy. A series of demonstration projects were conducted to explore the use of PrEP outside of clinical trial settings. Learning from the failures in community consultation and involvement in early oral tenofovir trials, these PrEP projects worked to better engage communities and create spaces for community involvement in the planning and roll out of these projects. We describe the community engagement strategies employed by seven Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation-funded PrEP demonstration projects. Community engagement has emerged as a critical factor for education, demand generation, dispelling rumors, and supporting adherence and follow up in the PrEP demonstration project case studies. The increasing global interest in PrEP necessitates understanding how to conduct community engagement for PrEP implementation in different settings as part of combination HIV prevention.
- ItemOpen AccessRe: Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for Mitigating Risk of HIV Transmission During HIV Cure– Related Clinical Trials With a Treatment Interruption(Oxford University Press, 0201) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Bridget Haire; Veronica Noseda
- ItemOpen AccessUnintended HIV-1 transmission to a sex partner in a study of a therapeutic vaccine candidate(The Journal of infectious diseases, 0201) JD Lelièvre; L HocquelouxWe report a case of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that occurred during treatment discontinuation in a therapeutic vaccine trial, following oral sex. Transmission occurred even though the index participant was an HIV/AIDS activist, particularly well informed about the risks and modalities of transmission. This case report highlights the risk of secondary transmission of HIV during cessation of treatment in HIV cure–related trials.
- ItemOpen AccessCommentary(Frontiers in oral health, 0202) Singhal, Sonica; Farmer, Julie; Quiñonez, CarlosA newly identified pneumonia outbreak was first reported in China in December 2019. This was caused by a highly infectious pathogen named the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARCoV-2). It has caused the global pandemic, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has affected 1% of the global population (79,231,893 cumulative cases up to 27 December 2020) and disrupted the world’s usual socioeconomic daily activities [1]. As a result, managing and solving the COVID-19 crisis is currently a top government priority around the world.
- ItemOpen AccessZygomatic complex fractures in a suburban Nigerian population(Dental Traumatology, 2005) Vincent Ugboko; Christopher Udoye; Kizito Ndukwe; Adewumi Amole; Stephen AregbesolaA retrospective analysis of 128 zygomatic complex fractures was undertaken. There were 109 males (85.2%) and 19 females (14.8%), aged 3–74 years (mean ± SD, 33 ± 12.6 years). Patients in the third decade of life (38.3%) recorded the highest incidence. Road traffic accidents (74.2%) mainly from automobile (61.7%) and motorcycle (9.4%) involvement were the predominant etiology. While 38.8% of them presented within the first 24 h, males were relatively earlier than their female counterparts, although this was not statistically significant. Class 3 fractures were the commonest (50%), followed by classes 2 (zygomatic arch) and 4, respectively. Most class 6 fractures (6.3%) resulted from gunshot injuries. There were 116 unilateral (left 63, right 53) and 12 bilateral fractures with the right side of the face recording more zygomatic arch fractures. In addition, statistical significance was observed between etiology, class and type of fracture. One hundred and twenty‐four (136 fractures) patients were available for treatment as four declined. Twelve cases did not require treatment while others were managed by either closed or open reduction under general anesthesia. Gillies’ temporal approach was the commonest (57.1%) surgical technique employed. However the unstable nature of the fractures necessitated open reduction and transosseous wiring in 33 cases. The high prevalence of zygomatic complex fractures arising from vehicular accidents reflects the poor status of the road network in rural and suburban Nigerian communities. Hence government should improve on existing infrastructures, decongest the highways and enforce traffic laws amongst road users. In addition, the need to encourage massive investments in safer alternative transport systems is emphasized.
- ItemOpen AccessEthical considerations in determining standard of prevention packages for HIV prevention trials: examining PrEP.(Bioethics, 2013-08-01T00:00:00Z) Haire, Bridget; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Hankins, Catherine; Sugarman, Jeremy; McCormack, Sheena; Ramjee, Gita; Warren, MitchellThe successful demonstration that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs can be used in diverse ways to reduce HIV acquisition or transmission risks--either taken as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) by those who are uninfected or as early treatment for prevention (T4P) by those living with HIV--expands the armamentarium of existing HIV prevention tools. These findings have implications for the design of future HIV prevention research trials. With the advent of multiple effective HIV prevention tools, discussions about the ethics and the feasibility of future HIV prevention trial designs have intensified. This article outlines arguments concerning the inclusion of newly established ARV-based HIV prevention interventions as standard of prevention in HIV prevention trials from multiple perspectives. Ultimately, there is a clear need to incorporate stakeholders in a robust discussion to determine the appropriate trial design for each study population.
- ItemOpen AccessFacial nerve palsy: analysis of cases reported in children in a suburban hospital in Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2013-12-08) MO Folayan; RI Arobieke; E Eziyi; EO Oyetola; J ElusiyanThe study describes the epidemiology, treatment, and treatment outcomes of the 10 cases of facial nerve palsy seen in children managed at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile‑Ife over a 10 year period. It also compares findings with report from developed countries. Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort review of pediatric cases of facial nerve palsy encountered in all the clinics run by specialists in the above named hospital. A diagnosis of facial palsy was based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Information retrieved from the case note included sex, age, number of days with lesion prior to presentation in the clinic, diagnosis, treatment, treatment outcome, and referral clinic. Findings: Only 10 cases of facial nerve palsy were diagnosed in the institution during the study period. Prevalence of facial nerve palsy in this hospital was 0.01%. The lesion more commonly affected males and the right side of the face. All cases were associated with infections: Mainly mumps (70% of cases). Case management include the use of steroids and eye pads for cases that presented within 7 days; and steroids, eye pad, and physical therapy for cases that presented later. All cases of facial nerve palsy associated with mumps and malaria infection fully recovered. The two cases of facial nerve palsy associated with otitis media only partially recovered. Conclusion: Facial nerve palsy in pediatric patients is more commonly associated with mumps in the study environment. Successes are recorded with steroid therapy.
- ItemOpen AccessChanges in the prevalence of dental caries in primary school children in Lagos State, Nigeria.(Original Article, 2014) Sofola, O O; Folayan, M O; Oginni, A BObjectives: To evaluate the changes in the prevalence of dental caries in Lagos State over a 3 years period and the role of age, sex, and playing in the changes observed. Materials and Methods: Three primary schools in Lagos State, Nigeria were randomly selected for the study. Six hundred and thirty‑three children age 2-12 years, were examined for caries in 2000 while 513 children were examined in 2003. The prevalence of tooth decay and the prevalence of untreated tooth decay were calculated for the two years, that is, 2000 and 2003. Also the degree of unmet treatment need among the population with caries experience was measured. Differences in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in the primary and permanent dentition were assessed. Results: Approximately 18% of children had untreated tooth decay in their primary dentition in 2003: A 26.1% increase from 2000. About 12.0% of the decay, extracted, and filled teeth (deft) index was seen with decayed teeth in 2000 and 16.6% in 2003. Extracted primary teeth decreased from 2.5% in 2000 to 1.5% in 2003. The change in mean deft between 2000 (0.42) and 2003 (0.47) was 11.9%. Over the study period, the overall reduction in the prevalence of dental caries was 34.8% in the permanent dentition. The decline was larger among children aged 5-9 years (62.1%) and among females (75%). Conclusion: The study showed no overall changes in caries severity but a decrease in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition over the study period. The largest decline in caries prevalence in the permanent dentition was observed in children aged 5-9 years and females. On the contrary, there was an increase in the caries prevalence in the primary dentition.
- ItemOpen AccessAddressing the socio-development needs of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS in Nigeria : a call for action(African Journal of Reproductive Health, 2014) Morenike O. Folayan; Morolake Odetoyinbo; Brandon Brown; Abigail Harrison AffiliationsThe widespread use of antiretroviral therapy and remarkable success in the treatment of paediatric HIV infection has changed the face of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) epidemic in children from a fatal disease to that of a chronic illness. Many children living with HIV are surviving into adolescence. This sub-population of people living with HIV is emerging as a public health challenge and burden in terms of healthcare management and service utilization than previously anticipated. This article provides an overview of the socio-developmental challenges facing adolescents living with HIV especially in a resource-limited setting like Nigeria. These include concerns about their healthy sexuality, safer sex and transition to adulthood, disclosure of their status and potential stigma, challenges faced with daily living, access and adherence to treatment, access to care and support, and clinic transition. Other issues include reality of death and implications for fertility intentions, mental health concerns and neurocognitive development. Coping strategies and needed support for adolescents living with HIV are also discussed, and the implications for policy formulation and programme design and implementation in Nigeria are highlighted. L'utilisation généralisée de la thérapie antirétrovirale et des succès remarquables dans le traitement de l'infection du VIH chez les enfants a changé le visage de l'épidémie du virus d'immunodéficience humaine (VIH) chez les enfants d'une maladie mortelle ? celui d'une maladie chronique. Beaucoup d'enfants vivant avec le VIH survivent ? l'adolescence. Cette sous-population de personnes vivant avec le VIH est en train de devenir un problème de santé publique et de la charge en termes de gestion des soins de santé et l'utilisation des services que prévu avant. Cet article donne un aperçu des défis du développement social auxquels sont confrontés les adolescents vivant avec le VIH en particulier dans un contexte de ressources limitées comme le Nigeria. Il s'agit notamment des préoccupations concernant leur santé sexuelle, les rapports sexuels protégés et le passage ? l'âge adulte, la divulgation de leur statut et de la stigmatisation potentielle, les défis rencontrés dans la vie quotidienne, l'accès au traitement et l'observance du traitement, l'accès aux soins et au soutien, et la transition de la clinique. D'autres questions comprennent la réalité de la mort et des implications pour les intentions de la fécondité, des problèmes de santé mentale et le développement neurocognitif. Les stratégies d'adaptation et le soutien nécessaire pour les adolescents vivant avec le VIH sont également discutés, et les implications pour la formulation des politiques et de la conception des programmes et la mise en oeuvre au Nigeria sont mis en évidence.
- ItemOpen AccessAddressing Ebola-related Stigma(Global Health Action, 2014) Mariam Davtyan; Brandon Brown; Morenike Oluwatoyin FolayanBackground HIV/AIDS and Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) are contemporary epidemics associated with significant social stigma in which communities affected suffer from social rejection, violence, and diminished quality of life. Objective To compare and contrast stigma related to HIV/AIDS and EVD, and strategically think how lessons learned from HIV stigma can be applied to the current EVD epidemic. Methods To identify relevant articles about HIV/AIDS and EVD-related stigma, we conducted an extensive literature review using multiple search engines. PubMed was used to search for relevant peer-reviewed journal articles and Google for online sources. We also consulted the websites of the World Health Organization (WHO), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the National Institutes of Health to retrieve up-to-date information about EVD and HIV/AIDS. Results Many stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors directed towards those with EVD are strikingly similar to those with HIV/AIDS but there are significant differences worthy of discussion. Both diseases are life-threatening and there is no medical cure. Additionally misinformation about affected groups and modes of transmission runs rampant. Unlike in persons with EVD, historically criminalized and marginalized populations carry a disproportionately higher risk for HIV infection. Moreover, mortality due to EVD occurs within a shorter time span as compared to HIV/AIDS.
- ItemOpen AccessNon-third molar related pericoronitis in a sub-urban Nigeria population of children(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2014) MO Folayan; EO Ozeigbe; N Onyejaeka; NM Chukwumah; T OyedeleThe study will report on the prevalence, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of non-third molar related pericoronitis seen in children below the age of 15 years who report at the Pediatric Dental Clinic, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife over a 4½ year period. This is a prospective study of cases of pericoronitis affecting any tooth exclusive of the third molar diagnosed in the pediatric dentistry out-patient clinic in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife between January 2008 and June 2012. Pericoronitis was diagnosed using the criteria described by Howe. Information on age, sex, history malaria fever, upper respiratory diseases, tonsillitis, and evidence of immunosuppression were taken. Radiographs were taken in all cases to rule out tooth impaction and information on treatment regimen was also collected. The prevalence of non-third molar related pericoronitis was 0.63%. More females (63.6%) were affected. Chronic pericoronitis was the most common presentation (73.3%). No case was reported in the primary dentition and the premolar. No case was associated with tooth impaction and the tooth most affected was the lower right second permanent molar (35.7%). Bilateral presentation was seen in 36.4% patients. Herpetic gingivostomatitis was reported in association with one case. Chronic pericoronitis resolved within 3 days of management with warm saline mouth bath (WSMB) and analgesics, while acute/subacute resolved within 10 days of management with antibiotics, analgesics, and WSMB. The prevalence of non-third molar related pericoronitis is the low. The most prevalence type is chronic pericoronitis affecting the lower right second permanent molar.
- ItemOpen AccessBlack market blood transfusions for Ebola(plos one, 2014) Folayan, Morenike O; Brown, Brandon; Yakubu, AminuPoor health systems and structures in countries affected by Ebola virus disease (EVD) have compounded difficulties in access to hospital care for Ebola patients. With this low healthcare access, individuals may be forced to seek alternative remedies for the management of EVD. One major study suggested that the transfusion of whole blood and serum from patients who had recovered from EVD reduces the risk of EVD-related fatality (Citation1), with additional rigorous studies underway including patients in the current epidemic in West Africa (Citation2–Citation4) .
- ItemOpen AccessRape in Nigeria: a silent epidemic among adolescents with implications for HIV infection.(Global health action, 2014) Folayan, Morenike O; Odetoyinbo, Morolake; Harrison, Abigail; Brown, BrandonAdolescents worldwide often face tremendous sexual violence; a growing problem and a leading reproductive health concern. The prevalence of this violence ranges between 15 and 40% in sub-Saharan Africa, with studies showing rates of sexual coercion and abuse among female adolescents in Nigeria between 11 and 55% (1, 2). Little is known about the impact of rape on adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), and how their HIV status affects how they cope with this traumatic experience. A recent survey in Nigeria showed 31.4 and 5.7% of sexually active adolescent females and males, respectively, reported forced sex (rape) at sexual initiation (3). The same study showed significantly more reported cases of rape among female ALHIV compared to their HIV-negative peers (p0.008).
- ItemOpen AccessDifferences in sexual behaviour and sexual practices of adolescents in Nigeria based on sex and self-reported HIV status(Reproductive Health, 2014) MO Folayan; M OdetoyinboBackground Sexual behaviour and sexual practices affect the risk for acquisition and transmission of HIV infection. This study tries to identify differences in sexual behaviour (condom use with non-marital partners, multiple sexual partnerships transactional sex and age mixing in sexual relationships), sexual practices (oral, anal and vagina sex), and forced sexual initiation based on sex and HIV status of adolescents in Nigeria. Method Face to face interviewer-administered questionnaires were used to collect information from a nationally representative sample of 10–19 years old adolescents residing in Nigeria. Data included information on age of sexual debut, sexual behaviour and sexual practices. Association between HIV status, sex, sexual behaviour and sexual practices, and predictors of use of condoms during the last vaginal sexual intercourse were determined. Result More self-reported HIV positive than HIV negative females had experienced forced sexual initiation (p = 0.008). Significantly more female than male adolescents had engaged in transactional sex (p < 0.001) and had sex with partners who were older than them by 10 years or more (p < 0.001). Vaginal (95.2%), oral (26.6%) and anal (7.8%) sex were practiced by male and females irrespective of HIV status. More females reported oral sex (p = 0.001). Being a female (p = 0.001), having genital itching in the last 12 months (p = 0.04)and having engaged in anal sex in the last 12 months (p = 0.009) reduced the odds of using a condom at last vaginal intercourse. Having a HIV positive or negative status did not significantly increase the odds of using a condom at last vaginal intercourse.
- ItemOpen AccessAssociation between knowledge of caries preventive practices, preventive oral health habits of parents and children and caries experience in children resident in sub-urban Nigeria(BMC Oral Health, 2014) Morenike O Folayan; Kikelomo A Kolawole; Titus Oyedele; Nneka M Chukwumah; Nneka Onyejaka; Hakeem Agbaje; Elizabeth O Oziegbe; Olusegun V OshomojiBackground: The objectives of this study were to assess the association between children and parents’ knowledge of caries preventive practices, the parents’ caries preventive oral health behaviours and children’s caries preventive oral health behaviour and caries experience. Method: Three hundred and twenty four participants aged 8–12 years, 308 fathers and 318 mothers were recruited through a household survey conducted in Suburban Nigeria. A questionnaire was administered to generate information on fathers, mothers and children’s knowledge of caries prevention measures and their oral health behaviour. Clinical examination was conducted on the children to determine their dmft/DMFT. Analysis was conducted to determine the predictors of the children’s good oral health behaviour. Result: The mothers’ oral health behaviours were significant predictors of the children’s oral health behaviours. Children who had good knowledge of caries prevention measures had significant increased odds of brushing their teeth twice daily or more. The children’s caries prevalence was 13.9%, the mean dmft was 0.2 and the mean DMFT was 0.09. None of the dependent variables could predict the presence of caries in children. Conclusion: The study highlights the effect of maternal oral health behaviour on the oral health behaviour of children aged 8 years to 12 years in suburban Nigeria. A pilot study is needed to evaluate how enhanced maternal preventive oral health practices can improve the oral health preventive practices of children.
- ItemOpen AccessRape in Nigeria: a silent epidemic among adolescents with implications for HIV infection(Positive Action for Treatment Access, Lagos, Nigeria, 2014-02-23) Morenike O. Folayan; Morolake Odetoyinbo; Abigail Harrison; Brandon BrownAdolescents worldwide often face tremendous sexual violence; a growing problem and a leading reproductive health concern. The prevalence of this violence ranges between 15 and 40% in sub-Saharan Africa, with studies showing rates of sexual coercion and abuse among female adolescents in Nigeria between 11 and 55% (Citation1, Citation2). Little is known about the impact of rape on adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV), and how their HIV status affects how they cope with this traumatic experience. A recent survey in Nigeria showed 31.4 and 5.7% of sexually active adolescent females and males, respectively, reported forced sex (rape) at sexual initiation (Citation3). The same study showed significantly more reported cases of rape among female ALHIV compared to their HIV-negative peers (p=0.008). Supporting literature from South Africa highlights rape as a risk factor for HIV in women (Citation4).
- ItemOpen AccessNovel IRF6 mutations in families with Van Der Woude syndrome and popliteal pterygium syndrome from sub-Saharan Africa.(Molecular Genetics and Genomic Medicine, 2014-05-01T00:00:00Z) Butali, Azeez; Mossey, Peter A; Adeyemo, Wasiu L; Eshete, Mekonen A; Gaines, LauRen A; Even, Dee; Braimah, Ramat O; Aregbesola, Babatunde S; Rigdon, Jennifer V; Emeka, Christian I; James, Olutayo; Ogunlewe, Mobolanle O; Ladeinde, Akinola L; Abate, Fikre; Hailu, Taye; Mohammed, Ibrahim; Gravem, Paul E; Deribew, Milliard; Gesses, Mulualem; Adeyemo, Adebowale A; Murray, Jeffrey COrofacial clefts (OFC) are complex genetic traits that are often classified as syndromic or nonsyndromic clefts. Currently, there are over 500 types of syndromic clefts in the Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) database, of which Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is one of the most common (accounting for 2% of all OFC). Popliteal pterygium syndrome (PPS) is considered to be a more severe form of VWS. Mutations in the IRF6 gene have been reported worldwide to cause VWS and PPS. Here, we report studies of families with VWS and PPS in sub-Saharan Africa. We screened the DNA of eight families with VWS and one family with PPS from Nigeria and Ethiopia by Sanger sequencing of the most commonly affected exons in IRF6 (exons 3, 4, 7, and 9). For the VWS families, we found a novel nonsense variant in exon 4 (p.Lys66X), a novel splice-site variant in exon 4 (p.Pro126Pro), a novel missense variant in exon 4 (p.Phe230Leu), a previously reported splice-site variant in exon 7 that changes the acceptor splice site, and a known missense variant in exon 7 (p.Leu251Pro). A previously known missense variant was found in exon 4 (p.Arg84His) in the PPS family. All the mutations segregate in the families. Our data confirm the presence of IRF6-related VWS and PPS in sub-Saharan Africa and highlights the importance of screening for novel mutations in known genes when studying diverse global populations. This is important for counseling and prenatal diagnosis for high-risk families.
- ItemOpen AccessStudy motives, career choices and interest in paediatric dentistry among final year dental students in Nigeria(BMC Medical Education, 2014-07-02) Morenike O Folayan; Oyinkan O Sofola; Mohammad R Khami; Ayodeji O Esan; Bamidele O Popoola; Omolola O Orenuga; Nkiru Folaranmi; Taofeek O Ligali; Abimbola S PhillipsAbstract Background: Students’ motives for studying Dentistry have been a subject of interest for years because of the potential for understanding the psychological makeup and subsequent job satisfaction for the dentist. It is also useful in identifying expectations of the profession. This study therefore tried to identify study motives and career preferences of dental students especially with respect to the practice of paediatric dentistry. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire. The final year students in six dental schools in Nigeria were required to fill the questionnaire. Students were asked to rank their motives and career preferences on a Likert like scale with points ranging from 0–5 where 0 represented a factor that had no influence on their decision and 5 represented a very influential factor. The underlying dimensions for study motives, career preference, impression about and motive for interest in the practice of paediatric dentistry were identified using factor analysis. Results: One hundred and seventy nine of 223 students (80.3%) participated in this study. Motives for the practice of dentistry included characteristics of the profession, altruism and intellectual challenges, existence of artistic theme in dentistry and parent’s recommendation. Overall, 67.1% of respondents indicated interest in postgraduate studies and 50.8% were interested in paediatric dentistry practice. The main motives for showing interest in the practice of paediatric dentistry were ‘personal interest, professional interest and interest of significant others in children’, and ‘family influence’. Significantly more males than females were interested in the practice of paediatric dentistry though the motives for interest in the practice of paediatric dentistry did not differ significantly by sex or age.
- ItemOpen AccessPreventive oral health practices of school pupils in Southern Nigeria.(BMC Oral Health., 2014-07-07T00:00:00Z) Folayan, Morenike O; Khami, Mohammad R; Onyejaka, Nneka; Popoola, Bamidele O; Adeyemo, Yewande IsabellaOne of the goals of the World Health Organisation goal is to ensure increased uptake of preventive oral self-care by 2020. This would require the design public health programmes that will ensure children place premium on preventive oral health care uptake. One effort in that direction is the need for countries to define baseline measures on use of preventive oral self-care measures by their population as well as identify factors that impact on its use. This study aims to determine the prevalence and the impact of age and sex on the use of recommended oral self-care measures by pupils in Southern Nigeria.