Department of Science and Technology Education

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Department of Educational Technology

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Open Access
Status of Media in Teaching Physics in Selected Secondary Schools in Kaduna state, Nigeria
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1984) Pearce, Nathaniel Olugbolahan; Akanbi, D.K.
This study was designed to examine the availability, utilization of media for instruction and the problems connected with the use of media for teaching physics in Kaduna State of Nigeria. Questionnaire, structures interview end participant observer scheme directed to the physics teachers, and randomly selected secondary schools students in Kaduna State were used for the collection of the data. The study population comprised seventeen physics teachers and two hundred and eighty-one form five physics students. Based on the analysis of the data collected, some of findings were that; a) Teachers in the schools used mainly the recommended textbooks for their teaching. (b)There was low utilization of instructional media. (c) Physics teachers like other teachers in the state did not seize the unique opportunities of their proximity to the available resource centres to aid them in the selection and use of media for their teaching. It is therefore recommended that; (a) Educational media centres should be established in all the local.government education offices which will cater for all the schools in the locality. The centres should cooperate with the Federal Government media centres such as the National Educational Research Centre (N.E.R.C), National Teachers' Institute (N.T.I), Radio and Television Education Broadcasting Departments and the Centre for Educational Technology (C.E.T) of the Ahmadu Bello University for professional expertise. (b) Teachers in schools should be trained in the use of media. (c) Local production of science instructional materials should he considered as means of combating the present inavailability of media. (d) The government should reinforce their priority for science teaching in the schools through the timely provision of needed science equipment and materials.
Open Access
Effects of Specificity of Objectives on Learners Acquisition of Biology Concept in a Film-Mediated Instruction.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Akinsanya, Timothy Olabode; Akanbi, D. K.
This study was designed to find the effects of specificity of objectives on learners’ acquisition of Biology concept in film-mediated instruction. One hundred and fifty form three students were randomly assigned to one of the three groups. One of the groups was given specific objectives, another, general objectives and the third group was not provided with objectives before they were all exposed to instructional film on a biological topic. All the students were then asked to answer a set of ten questions derived from the content of the film and which was directly referenced from the behavioural objectives provided to the students. The results showed that there were significant differences at 0.05 level of significance in the level of achievement between the specific objective group, and the other two groups and between the General objective group and the No objective group. These results indicated that specificity of objectives has a favourable effect on the level of achievement of students. Based on the result of the study, the investigator recommends that the government and other agencies responsible for the administration of schools should make funds available to our educational institutions to bear the cost of materials needed for the provision of objectives to students. It is also important that teachers, at all institutional levels should be trained to know how to write and use behavioural objectives.
Open Access
Effects of Instructional Package on Achievement of Beginners in French in Selected Secondary Schools in Oranmiyan Local Government Area of Oyo state.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Amosu, Sewanu Ayodele; Akanbi, D. K.
The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of an instructional package on beginners of French. The package consisted of an audio-taped lesson synchronized with a set of fourteen slides on a French concept - Time. One hundred and five students were randomly assigned to three, groups Experimental Group T, Experimental Croup II and the Control Group. Each group was exposed to the normal two periods a week each of thirty weeks duration. The first Experimental Group was first taught by the teacher and inter exposed to the instructional package. The Control Greta', however, was taught by the teacher only without any exposure to the package while the third group - Experimental group TT - was exposed to the package only. All the subjects were then asked to answer a set of ten questions based on the content of the concept. The result showed that learners in ' experimental Croup I performed significantly better then the Control Group. It was also found that there was no significant difference in the performance of the learners in Experimental Croup II and the Control Group. The Experimental Group I performed significantly better than the Experimental Group II. Arising from these findings, the study has shown that there cannot be a substitute for the teacher. Rather than replace a teacher, an instructional package would complement the efforts of the teacher in promoting learning. Emanating from the findings of the study are the following recommendations: Efforts should be made to improve and revise methods of teaching the French language by integrating the use of instructional packages into the school curriculum. Courses on instructional design should form an integral part of the curriculum of teacher training programmes of the colleges of education so that their graduates become familiar with the production and use of instructional packages. Furthermore, research studies should be conducted on other concepts such as the teaching of grammar and comprehension in French.
Open Access
Influence of Non-print Media on Adult Literacy Programmes in Oyo State.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Adeniji, Jonathan Gbemiga; Akanbi, D. K.
This study examined the influence of non-print media on adult literacy programmes in Oyo State. It investigated the availability and frequency of use of non-print media. It examined the influence that the use of non-print media had on the attitude of learners and instructors. Problems militating against effective use of non-print media were identified. The relationships between the extent of use of non-print media, teachers' educational qualifications and in-service training experiences in media use were also determined. Information was collected by questionnaire and interview. From the population of about 2,673, the study sample consisted of 300 adult learners and 30 instructors. Averages, percentages and multiple correlations were used to analyse the data. Emanating from the analyses of the data are the following: Non-print media were not very frequently used to teach adult learners. Learners and instructors living in urban areas have more positive attitude than those in rural areas, towards the use of non-print media. Lack of funds was the most important problem hindering effective use of non-print media. Educational qualifications and in-service training experiences of instructors were found inadequate. It was recommended that religions bodies, governments and communities should provide more funds to acquire non-print media. Teacher training institutions should emphasize the use of non-print media in their course contents. Local governments should organize seminars, talks and workshops on media use regularly. Governments should mount more development programmes to provide facilities for use of non-print media in rural setting. It was also recommended that instructors with formal educational training in media use should be more involved in the teaching of adult learners.
Open Access
Non-Projected Visual Aids in the Teaching of General Science in Teachers' Colleges in Oyo State.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Oniye, Durogboye Oluwagbemileke; Osibodu, Bukola
This study focused on Non-projected Visual aids in the Teaching of General Science in Teachers' Colleges in Oyo State. The objectives of the study were the identification of available non-projected visual aids and their frequency of use in General Science teaching in the colleges. Others were to find out the problems faced by teachers in the use of non-projected visual aids for general science teaching and to identify the advantages teachers and students derive from the use of non-projected visual aids in teaching General Science. The research population consisted of all the general science students and teachers in all the then existing eighteen Grade Two Teachers' Colleges in Oyo State. The research sample consisted of four hundred and eight students and twenty General Science Teachers from twelve sampled Grade Two Teachers' Colleges. Data were collected with questionnaires. The study revealed that there were qualified science teachers in all the colleges. The available non-projected visual aids frequently used in teaching general science were chalkboards, objects and specimens. Some problems encountered in using them included lack of fund, inadequacy of materials, poor storage facilities and poor maintenance. Besides, 45% of the teachers and 98.5% of the students had inadequate know-ledge of improvisation. However, 90% of the teachers and 82.35% of the students reported that they derived advantages whenever the non-projected visual aids were used in teaching general science. It was recommended that in-service training and workshops on improvisation of non-projected visual aids should be organized regularly. The colleges should be adequately funded and general science should be made compulsory for the students. Non-projected visual aids should be frequently used to teach General Science.
Open Access
Acquisition and Utilization of Selected Instructional Media in the Grade II Teachers Colleges in Ondo State, Nigeria.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Ige, Raphael Adebayo; Agun, I.
This study was conducted to find out the sources of instructional media to support instruction in the grade II Teachers Colleges in Ondo State. It was also to find out factors militating against acquisition and use of media and to suggest solution to the problems. The study was carried out in all the 11 Teachers Colleges in the State. The 11 Principals were used while 330 teachers and 330 students were randomly selected for the study. Questionnaire and Checklist were administered by the researcher. Simple percentages and correlational techniques were used to analyse the data, the result of the study indicated that 57% of the instructional media studied was not available in the colleges and the budgetary provision was inadequate. It also showed that proper methods were not established for the selection of media. There were positive relationships between media availability and their frequency of use, and between teachers' competence in media production and utilization. On the basis of the findings of the study, it was suggested that the colleges should encourage both the teachers and students to produce more instructional materials using readily available local resources. These colleges should establish Teachers' Resource Centres while the government should provide adequate funds to encourage effective media acquisition and utilization in the colleges.
Open Access
Perceived Effects of Freshmen's Attitude to the Use of Audio Tape in Instruction
(1997) Adeyanju, J. L.
The research was directed at (250) freshers of the Faculty of Education in Ile-Ife, with the purpose of eliciting relevant information pertianing to subjects willingness to involve educational technology materials to teach during their six weeks practice teaching exercise. A self related questionnaire with 14 items was used to find out freshers attitude to audio tape device. Two hypotheses were thereafter tested. They are: (i) There is no difference in freshmen attitude to the use of conventional method and audio taped instructional teaching strategy. (ii) There is no significant difference in freshmen perceived effects fo audio tape as compared with conventional method. Data were analysed using inferential statistic of mean score and standard deviation. Result showed that 95 percent of subjects of study have no knowledge about teaching with audio tape, while 85 percent prefer other methods to teach apart from the conventional method Freshers should be exposed to courses in instructional design early enough so that they will have the opportunity to use a variety of )Ed. Tech) materials for instructional purposes.
Open Access
The Young Shall Grow If ...
(Obafemi Awolowo University Press, 1998-07-14) Fashakin, J. B.
Right from childhood, I have been exposed to elements of agriculture. Having been born to a farmer, I learnt at an-early age, how to tender crops; harvest corn, yams, tomatoes, vegetables and more Importantly to weed the farm on regular basis. When the idea of going to school was finally brought to me, my heart .was filled with joy not Because education had any meaning to me but because, I saw this as a victory over farm labour My, University career started at the University of Ibadan in 1960 When I registered as a prelim student. Incidentally, that coincided with the year of Nigeria~ independence and all Qualified applicants from the University were awarded the Federal Government (of Nigeria) Scholarship as part of the bonanza to celebrate the independence, My Scholarship and the course that I applied for in Chemical Agriculture were not ten'able at Ibadan. Moreover; little did I know about what Chemical Agriculture really meant. 'As such, I was unable to explain fully the differences between ordinary. Agriculture and Chemical Agriculture. My sponsors were as confused as I was and to resolve the Problem I was renominated for a Commonwealth Fellowship in Canada. This led me to a basic degree in Agricultural Biochemistry at MacDonald College of McGiII University, Montreal, Canada.
Open Access
Using Educational Media to Improve the Quality of Instruction
(Obafemi Awolowo University Press, 1999-12-14) Agun, Ibitayo
It is considered necessary to introduce this lecture with brief general comments on the field of Educational Technology. There are three main reasons for this. First, there is a need to put the lecture in its proper perspective with regard to its significance in the field of Educational Technology. Second, Educational Technology is a relatively new field of academic and professional interest and pursuit in Education. Various terms and definitions have been used to refer to the field. Some of the well known terms include Instructional Technology, Audiovisual Instruction, Educational Media, Technology in Education, Media Education etc. The third reason for these preliminary comments is that educational media form a very important aspect of the field of Educational Technology. As a matter of fact, the use of educational media to improve the quality of curriculum and instruction is central to all academic and professional activities in the field of Educational Technology.
Open Access
Supporting Educational and Emotional Needs of the Gifted in Nigerian Secondary Schools
(2005) Adeyanju, 'Lade Joel
The gifted child is considered as a special child with 'disability'. He/she is emotional because most of the times the special needs that he/she deserves are often not met. The gifted child sits in class with normal children with very little or no attention given him/her. When found to be fast at learning, progress often gets slow as a result of neglect. Most of the time, such children are considered troublesome whereas they are not, it is the special attention that they need. The paper through survey examined 50 parents/teachers perception on special children and those 'label' gifted that they have identified and taught. The study assessed the characteristics behaviour, methods adopted to meet his/her educational needs and type of support provided him or her in the school system. The modified standardized Intelligence Quotient Test was used by teachers to screen the learners classified as gifted while stratified random sampling procedure was used to select participating teachers. A 20-item questionnaire was used to collect relevant data while descriptive statistics of mean score and standard deviation were use to analyse the data. A mean x SD = 13.20 was found for the disposition of the gifted. Result of data show that 42 (84%) of respondents agreed that the 'gifted' is a special child with no 'disability' 27 (54%) of respondent agreed that they 'gifted' was not normally excluded from organized school programme; 31 (62%) accepted that schools make provision to allow him/her progress at his/her learning pace. Only 2 (4%) of respondents claimed that parents of the 'gifted' come from low socio-economic class of the society. It was suggested that problems of the gifted be reduced by involving parents in continuous education about their gifted wards. Gifted children require more flexible educational experience; professionals should therefore be involved in their training. Parents' discussion groups will be expedient so that 'gifted' rearing experience could be made more enjoyable. Schools should employ specialist teachers and teachers should use discovery and learning techniques. Teachers should focus on higher order skills. The media has a role to play, especially by promoting the cause of the people with special needs.
Open Access
Problem of Curriculum Implementers and Classroom Learning Environment in a Developing Country
(2006) Adeyanju, 'Lade Joel
Nigeria is a developing country with problem of curriculum development and implementation. Her contact with colonial masters and their educational system is responsible for that state. It is felt that children are being educated outside their culture rather than in their own environment. The paper touches on the tasks faced by the curriculum developers; it highlights the effects and problems of implementation and the role of university education in bringing about desired improvement.
Open Access
Problems of Art Teaching in Nigerian Secondary Schools System: Implications for Trainers
(2006) Adeyanju, 'Lade Joel
This study looks at the problems associated with the teaching of Fine Arts in Nigerian secondary school system. With the purpose of ameliorating the present situation, the study was conducted through the use of a set of 22 item questionnaire on causes of some of the problems concerning Fine Arts teaching. The population for the study comprised fifty-two (52) experienced Fine Art teachers who were undergoing the Part Time Degree programme of Obafemi Awolowo University between 1994 and 1999. Results from the analysis of data indicated that lack of materials constitutes problems since eighty-four percent of the responses from the respondent was positive about this fact. The absence of art studio in many schools was next in ranking of the identified problems. Fifty-five point seven-seven percent of the respondents (55.77) attested to this. It was also found that 78.85 percent of the subjects of the study could not increase the drawing skills of art learners. However, 96.15 percent of the subjects submitted that involvement of the media like radio, relevant pictures and charts could be used to improve art teaching. When the arrears of specialization that the student teachers for the study intended to go into were investigated, graphic design and textile design arrears were found most attractive to them. The implication of this finding is that trainers need to organize refresher courses and mount workshops periodically in order to re-oriented art teachers towards the goals of art teaching.
Open Access
The Effects of Interactive Instructional Compact Disc Package on the Performance of English Language Learners in Schools of Science in Osun State
(2015-04-02) Ajibade, Adewole
The study investigated the use of interactive instructional compact disc package in the teaching of English Language in Schools of Science in Osun State. It also examined the influence of the package on the retention and attitude of students towards the subject. This was with the ultimate view of improving the performance of students in English Language. A pre-test, post-test control group design was adopted for the study. The population comprised all five hundred and thirty SS II students of the eight Schools of Science in Osun State. One hundred and eighty students were randomly selected from three schools using proportional sampling technique and were assigned to two experimental groups and a control group. The first experimental group comprised students exposed to audio stimulus material (IICODIPA) while students treated with audio visual package (IICODIPAV) formed the second experimental group. The students taught with the conventional instructional method constituted the control group. Two instruments were used, namely: Continuous Writing Achievement Test (CWAT) and Learners’ Attitude Towards English Language Continuous Writing (LATECW). The two experimental groups were exposed to the interactive instructional compact disc package of either IICODIPA or IICODIPAV while the Control group was taught using the conventional instructional met h o d . Both CWAT and LATECW were used for pre-test, post-test and retention tests. Results were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings showed that the experimental groups exposed to interactive instructional compact disc package performed significantly better than their counterparts that used the conventional method (F=56.329, P < 0.05). There were also significant differences in the paired mean scores of the three groups; IICODIPA and IICODIPAV (t = 9.7. P < 0.005), IICODIPA and CONTROL (t=15.8, P < 0.05), and IICODIPAV and CONTROL (t=25.5, P < 0.05). The results also showed that students exposed to IICODIPA and IICODIPAV had higher level of retention when compared to those in the conventional group (F = 3.381, P < 0.05). IICODIPA and IICODIPAV (t =6.2, P < 0.05), IICODIPA and CONTROL (t =3.9, P < 0.05). and IICODIPAV and C O N T R O L (t=10.1, P < 0.05). Results further showed that utilization of interactive instructional compact disc package positively influenced the attitude of students towards English Language (F= 32.13, P < 0.05). The study concluded that interactive instructional compact disc package was effective. It enhanced performance, retention and attitude of students in English Language.
Open Access
Effects of Audio - taped Instructional Package on Learners' Performance in Spoken English in Primary Schools of Akwa Ibom State
(2015-04-15) Asuquo, Eno Ndarake; Adekomi, A. A.
This study examined the differences in the performance of learners of English Language exposed to Audio-taped Instructional package and those not exposed in the rural and urban schools of study. It also compared the performances of male and female learners in primary schools exposed to audio-taped instructional package in pronunciation of English language words and identified the effect of the use of audio-taped instructional package on learners' retention of lessons in pronunciation of English language words. This was with ultimate aim of improving the pupils' pronunciation of English Language A quasi-experimental two-by-two factorial design involving pretest and post-test was used. The population for the study consisted of all the Ibibio speaking learners of English Language in all the Public Primary Schools in Akwa Ibom State. Thirty Primary Four Pupils from eight Public Primary Schools ((four rural and four urban) were randomly selected making a total of two hundred and forty pupils . The pretest was a recorded .pronunciation exercise, where words involving vowels and consonants were put on flip cards and charts for all the subjects to pronounce. The post-test was researcher designed, it consisted of the audio-taped recorded instructional stimulus materials that was used as proficiency test. A retention test was administered two weeks after the post-test. The data collected from the pretest-post-test and the retention test from the two groups of study were analyzed using Analysis of Variance, t-test of independent samples and the hypotheses tested at 0.05 level of significance. The result showed that the pupils taught with audio-taped instructional package performed significantly better in the pronunciation of English Language words than those taught with the chalk and talk method (F= 64.32). The result also showed no significant difference in the performance of male and female learners in the pronunciation of English Language words (t=0.61. P<0.05). Further, there was a significant difference (F=8.33) in the retention of lessons in pronunciation of English words among primary school learners exposed to audio-taped instructional package against those not exposed to the study package. The study concluded that audiotaped instructional package enhanced Primary School Learners' pronunciation of English Language words.
Open Access
Effects of Presentation Modes of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) on Learners' Acquisition of Design Skills in Fine Arts
(2015-04-17) Badru, Folasade Mardlyya Idowu; Akanbi, D. K
The study investigated the effectiveness of problem-solving, and drill and practice modes of Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI) on the acquisition of design skills in Fine Arts. I t also examined learners' attitude towards the use of CAI in the teaching of Fine Arts. This was with a view to providing an intervention strategy for improving the performance of students in Fine Arts. The pre-test post-test control group design was employed. The study population consisted of Junior Secondary School (class three) students in Ife Central Local Government. Three schools were purposively selected based on the availability of computers. Twenty students were randomly selected from each of the three schools to constitute two experimental groups and one control group. Two instruments titled "Questionnaire on Attitude to Computer Assisted Instruction"(QACAI) and "Graphic Tool Utility and Achievement Test"(GTUAT) were used for the study. The GTUAT had a test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.67 over an interval of two weeks while the QACAI yielded a split half reliability coefficient of 0.72. Data collected for the study were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The results showed a significant difference between the performance of students exposed to problem solving CAI package and those exposed to drill and practice CAI package (t = 2.105, p < 0.05). The problem solving CAI group (X = 86.75, SD = 11.27) performed better than the drill and practice CAI group (X = 79,50, SD = 10.51). The results also showed a significant difference between the performance of learners exposed to drill and practice CAI package and those exposed to the conventional chalk-and-talk method (t= 7.79, p<0.05) The drill and practice CAI group (X = 79.50, SD = 10.50) performed better than the chalk-and-talk group (X = 52.50, SD = 11.41). Lastly, a significant difference was noted between the performance of learners in the problem solving CAI group and those exposed to the chalk-and-talk method (t = 9.54, p<0.05). The problem solving group (X = 86.75, SD = 11.27) performing better than the chalk-and-talk group (X = 52.50, SD = 11.41). The result also showed a significant difference between the pre test and post test attitudes of learners in the experimental groups to CAI. A comparison of the pre test and post test attitudes of learners in the drill and practice group to CAI showed a t value of 6.20 which was significant at 0.05 level while that of the problem solving group showed a significant t value of 5. 51 at 0.05 level. It was concluded that both the problem solving and drill and practice modes of CAI were effective in improving the performance of students in Fine Arts and in developing a positive attitude towards computer assisted Instruction.

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