Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Theses and Dissertations

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    Effect of fiscal policy on private consumption in Nigeria (1981-2011)
    (Economics,Obafemi Awolowo University, 2014) Oseni, Isiaq Olasunkanmi
    The study examined the trend and pattern of fiscal policy variables and private consumption; established the existence of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis using Nigerian data; analyzed the relationship between government debt and private consumption; determined the impact of fiscal policy shocks on private consumption and investigated the effects of anticipated and unanticipated fiscal policy shocks on private consumption. This was with a view to providing information for announcement and post implementation effects of changes in fiscal policy variables on private consumption in Nigeria between 1981 and 2011. Secondary data were used for the study. Quarterly time series data on the Government Revenue, Government Expenditure, Government Debt, Interest Rates and Private Consumption from 1981:1 to 2011:4 were collected from Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin for various years (2008 – 2011) while data on Total Wealth, Disposable Income and Distortionary taxes were collected from World Development Indication, 2011. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and econometric techniques. The results of the trend and pattern analysis showed that there were cyclical movement between fiscal policy variables and private consumption in Nigeria for the periods of study. The results on the existence of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis in Nigeria indicated that only government expenditure confirmed the existence of Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis in Nigeria (β = -0.1598, p<0.05) while other variables like distortionary taxes (β = 0.3837, p<0.05 instead of β = 0, p<0.05); disposable income (β = 0.0244, p>0.05 instead of β ≠ 0 , p<0.05); government debt (β = -0.3881, p<0.05 instead of β = -0 , p<0.05) and total wealth (β = 0.0793, p<0.05 instead β = 0 , p<0.05) showed that Ricardian Equivalence Hypothesis did not hold in Nigeria. The study also showed that government debt (β = -0.1208, p<0.05) had negative and significant effect on private consumption in Nigeria. The SVAR results revealed that government revenue shock (β = -0.97, p<0.05) and government spending shock (β = -0.36, p<0.05) had negative and significant impacts on private consumption while government debt shock (β = -0.38, p>0.05) had positive and insignificant effect on private consumption. Finally, the study also revealed that the coefficients of anticipated fiscal policy shocks (ε_t^ag= 1.6313, p<0.05; ε_t^ab= 0.1730, p<0.1 and ε_t^atr= -0.4003, p>0.05) had significant impacts on private consumption while the coefficients of unanticipated fiscal policy shocks (ε_t^ug= 9.81E-07, p<0.05; ε_t^ub= -2.33E-07, p<0.05 and ε_t^utr= -7.50E-08, p>0.05) had no significant effect on private consumption in Nigeria. The study concluded that the existence of REH in Nigeria was inconclusive. Also the announcement of government policies had immediate effect on private consumption while the implementation period had no effect on private consumption.
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    Assessement and managent of health related Quality of life of Cardiovascular Patients Caregivers in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex., Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria.
    (Department of Psychology, Faculty Social sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife Osun State Nigeria., 2022) Stephen Ishola Babatunde
    The study determined the level of health-related quality of life of caregivers of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) patients in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), It also examined the predictive role of psychological distress on health-related quality of life of caregivers of CVDs patient and assessed the influence of socio-demographic factors on health-related quality of life of CVDs patient’s caregivers. It further investigated the efficacy of psycho-educational program on the health-related quality of life of caregivers of CVDs patients in the study area. These were with the view to providing information on the assessment and management of health-related quality of life of CVDs patients’ caregivers in the study area. The study carried out in two phases involve assessment (survey) and management (experimental). Primary data were used for the study. A descriptive survey design was adopted in the first phase of the study. A sample of 42 caregivers was purposively selected for the study. Two standardised psychological scales;the 15D Health-related Quality of Life Scale (HQOL) and Kessler’s Psychological Scale (KPS).The one-group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental research design was adopted in the second phase of the study. Data collected were analysed using percentage counts and the independent sample t-test. The respondents in the second phase were those who scored 11-15 on the HRQoL. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 10 respondents, who were enrolled into the intervention (experimental) group. Only the HRQoL was used for the data collection. Data collected in this phase were analysed using the t-test. The Results showed that majority 17(40.47%) of the caregivers have poor health-related quality of life. The results also showed a significant prediction of psychological distress on the dimension of physical functioning and support (β = 0.31, t=2.10 p<0.05; β = 0.35, t=2.15 p<0.05) respectively. The results also showed that there was no socio-demographic differences and effects on the outcome variables. Finally, psycho-educational programme therapy had statistically significantly enhanced the health-related quality of life of caregivers of CVDs patients(mean = 9.600, SD = 1.26, t = 8.433, df = 9, p < .05). The study concluded that psychological distress and their support have significant predictive role on health-related quality of life and psycho-education therapy can help improve the health quality of life of caregivers of CVD which actually has provided information on the assessment and management of health-related quality of life of CVDs patients’ caregivers in the study area.