Department of Computer Science and Engineering

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Department of Computer Science

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Browsing Department of Computer Science and Engineering by Subject "Africa"

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    INFORMATION SYSTEMS PRACTICE FOR DEVELOPMENT IN AFRICA
    (IFIP International Federation for Information Processing, 2006-09) Korpela, Mikko; de la Harpe, Retha; Soriyan, H. Abimbola; Macome, Esselina; Mursu, Anja
    ^^ this paper we search for answers to the question: Can information systems development (ISD) in Africa by African IS practitioners contribute to human development in Africa? More specifically, we ask if everyday ISD practice in Nigeria can contribute to people's health in Nigeria. We summarize the results of European—African research collaboration spanning more than 15 years. A spectrum of research methods was used from 1998 through 2001, including a survey on software industry (N = 103), a survey on IS education in universities (N = 26), five case studies in industry, and reflection on action in a university-based project. An industry profile of software companies and their ISD practice is presented and contrasted with the education available. Implications are drawn for ISD practitioners and methodological lessons identified for IS research in general. In the discussion, the view is expanded from Nigeria to other African and developing countries.
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    Molecular epidemiology of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Africa: A systematic review
    ( Frontiers in Microbiology, 2015-06-01) Abdulgader, Shima M.; Shittu, Adebayo O.; Nicol, Mark P.; Kaba, Mamadou
    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections are a serious global problem, with considerable impact on patients and substantial health care costs. This systematic review provides an overview on the clonal diversity of MRSA, as well as the prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-positive MRSA in Africa. A search on the molecular characterization of MRSA in Africa was conducted by two authors using predefined terms. We screened for articles published in English and French through to October2014fromfiveelectronicdatabases.Atotalof57eligiblestudieswereidentified. Thirty-four reports from 15 countries provided adequate genotyping data. CC5 is the predominant clonal complex in the healthcare setting in Africa. The hospital-associated MRSA ST239/ST241-III [3A] was identified in nine African countries. This clone was also described with SCCmec type IV [2B] in Algeria and Nigeria, and type V [5C] in Niger. In Africa, the European ST80-IV [2B] clone was limited to Algeria, Egypt and Tunisia. The clonal types ST22-IV [2B], ST36-II [2A], and ST612-IV [2B] were only reported in SouthAfrica.NocleardistinctionswereobservedbetweenMRSAresponsibleforhospital and community infections. The community clones ST8-IV [2B] and ST88-IV [2B] were reported both in the hospital and community settings in Angola, Cameroon, Gabon, Ghana,Madagascar,Nigeria,andSãoToméandPríncipe.TheproportionofPVL-positive MRSA carriage and/or infections ranged from 0.3 to 100% in humans. A number of pandemic clones were identified in Africa. Moreover, some MRSA clones are limited to specific countries or regions. We strongly advocate for more surveillance studies on MRSA in Africa.