M.A.

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Open Access
Academic Performance of Athletes and Nonathletes in selected Nigerian Universities.
(Obafemi Awolowo University,, 1985) Alla, Joseph Babalola
This study compared the academic performance of athletes with that of non-athletes and investigated the cause of students' failures and successes in academics in three Universities: (i) Ife, (ii) Nigeria-Nsukka and (iii) Benin University. Four hundred and seventy-nine subjects were used in the study, 306 non-athletes and 173 athletes. The Grade Point Average (G.P.A.) of 103 athletes and 206 non-athletes were collected. Seventy athletes and 100 non-athletes were orally interviewed. The Two - Way analysis of variance, and t-test and t-test correlated were used to analyse the data, The results showed that in 1979/80 session (a N.U.G.A. games year) the G.P.A, of athletes was significantly higher than that of non-athletes in the University of Benin. In 1980/81 session (a non-N.U.G.A. games year) non-athletes had significantly higher mean G.P.A. than athletes in the University of Ife. Also, it was observed that mean G.P.A. of athletes for a non-N.U.G.A. games year was not -significantly higher than that of N.U.G.A. games years. Both athletes and non-athletes stated that the factors responsible for students' failures were poor health and socio-economic problems and wrong choice of courses. Based on the results, it was concluded that except for 1980/81 session (a non-N.U.G.A.. games year) in the University of Ife, non-athletes were not academically better than athletes. Since there was no significant difference in the academic performance of athletes during a N.U.G.A. games year and a non-N.U.G;A. games year and that sports by itself did not contribute to athletes academic failures, it could be concluded that sports participation does not retard academic performance of athletes.
Open Access
Aesthetics of narration in selected Mike Ejeagha’s folk songs
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2016) Akuneziri, Peace Amara
This study identified and analysed the narrative devices used by Mike Ejeagha in the performance of the selected songs which include Onye Isi Oche and Omekagụ. It discussed the literary implications of the narratives and highlighted the aesthetics inherent in the selected Mike Ejeagha’s songs. This was with the view to shedding light on the creative ingenuity of Ejeagha as a folk narrator who is committed to the exposition and preservation of Igbo traditions/cultural practices. Both primary and secondary sources were used for data collection. The primary data comprised Onye Isi Oche and Omekagụ from Mike Ejeagha’s folk music Album titled: The Omenala Series Number One. The songs were selected because of the narrative devices that characterised them. The selected songs were translated from Igbo Language into English Language and analysed to identify the narrative aesthetics used in the performance of the songs. Secondary source included books, journal articles and the Internet. The tales in the songs were analysed with Roland Barthes’s proairetic and semantic narrative codes. The results of the study showed that there were artistic beauty in selected Mike Ejeagha’s folk songs which were evidenced in the narrative devices - repetition, digression, ideophones, and parallelism. From the analysis, it was discovered that the repeated lines increased the temporality of the songs and also captured the interest of the audience in the performance of the songs. The study also revealed that parallelism enabled the narrator to arrange the wordings of the songs to express the actions and emotions of the characters in the tales. The study further showed that the narratives in the songs addressed some aspects of Igbo customs especially issues of inheritance and injustice as explicated in the story of Omekagụ while the story of Onye Isi Oche condemned desperation for power and fame as an attitude for failure. Using Roland Barthes narrative codes - semantic and proairetic in analysing of the narratives in the songs, it was discovered that there are cultural and aesthetic meanings in the two selected songs of Ejeagha. The study demonstrated that narrative devices abound in the selected songs of Mike Ejeagha. The study also analysed the tales as well as the narrative styles in the selected songs. The literary implications of the narratives to the Igbo genre and society where the selected songs domiciled were also discussed. It was concluded that the aesthetics of Ejeagha’s songs was in his narrative style.
Open Access
Analysis of Micobial Growth and Product Formation Data using Modified Pirt's Model
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Agho, Godfrey Nosakhare
The data of kappeli and Fiechter for the aerobic growth of Trichosporun cutaneum on glucose in continuous culture and those of Duvnjak et al for the anaerobic growth of various strains of Saccharomyces and Kluyveromyces on Jerusalem artichokes in batch culture were analysed. Material and energy balances were carried out and these with identified regularities were used to establish the consistency of the data and also used to identify probable sources of measurement errors and outlier data points. The estimates of the yield and maintenance coefficients, obtained using the modified Pirt's model, are presented;. improved estimates are obtained using covariate adjustment method. The values of the true biomass yield and the maintenance coefficients obtained from the analysis of the data of T. cutaneum are 0.668 and 0.007 respectively. These values compare favourably with those reported for candida utilis which is used for biomass (single cell protein )production. Analysis of the growth studies on Jerusalem artichokes show that the microorganism, K. fragilis 105, may be the best for ethanol production on this substrate. The method used in this work will have applications in the selection of new strains of microorganisms.
Open Access
Analysis of the experiences of teaching practice schools and student-teachers of the college of education, Ikere-Ekiti
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2016) Olusola, Monisola A
This study examined the experiences of teaching practice schools and analysed student-teachers’ experiences in their interaction with their supervisors and cooperating teachers during teaching practice. It also identified the instructional and administrative challenges faced by student-teachers from the College of Education Ikere-Ekiti and assessed the experiences of the College supervisors in their interaction with student-teachers during the exercise. These were with a view to providing information on nature of teaching practice experiences among students, supervisors and cooperating schools in College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti. The study adopted the survey research design.The population for this study consisted of Part III students of the College of Education, Ikere-Ekiti who were observing their teaching practice, their lecturers, the principals and teachers of all the secondary schools in Ado-Ekiti. According to the statistics provided by the College authorities, 1,591 year three students were into the teaching practice exercise in 2015/2016 academic session. Twelve secondary schools having student-teachers in Ado Local Government Area of Ekiti-State were purposively selected based on the large population of the student-teachers posted to the LGA. Twelve secondary school principals (one per school), 36 cooperating teachers (three per school), 50 lecturers (10 from each school of study at the College) and one hundred and eighty Part III students (15 student-teachers per teaching practice school) were selected from the population by simple random sampling technique.Four instruments were used, namely: Student-Teachers’ Questionnaire (STQ), Cooperating Teachers’ Questionnaire (CTQ), Secondary School Principals’ Questionnaire (SSPQ) and College Supervisors’ Questionnaire (CSQ).The data were analysed using descriptive statistics of simple frequency counts and percentages. The results showed that 58.33% of the principals of the cooperating schools indicated that they did not have sufficient teaching aids, they also asserted that74.99% of the student-teachers played truancy, 49.99% of student-teachers exhibited lackadaisical attitude while the cooperating teachers asserted that 61.11% of student-teachers were deficient in time and classroom management. The results also revealed 57.48% of student-teachers were not observed by their supervisors from the beginning till the end, 53.29% of the student-teachers were not excited whenever their supervisors were around while 85.02% of the student-teachers said that their lesson notes were checked by their supervisors and 70.05% asserted that their supervisors also checked their notes. The resultson the instructional and administrative challenges of the student-teachers indicated that 53.89% of them never had teaching aids made available in their schools, 56.88% of their students refused to do their class and homework, 61.07% of the student-teachers complained of non-conducive classroom atmosphere for teaching while 62.27% of them complained of some traits of indiscipline in their students. Finally, the result revealed that 84% of student-teachers had a quest for high marks, 74% of them displayed inappropriate use of reinforcement, 99.99% of them complied with the subject benchmark and 80% of the student-teachers, had good disposition to their work as asserted by their supervisors. The study concluded that teaching practice experiences of the major stakeholders in the College of Education Ikere-Ekiti were both challenging and beneficial.
Open Access
An appraisal of reconciliation in Matt 5:21-26 to the understanding of conflict resolution in the baptist churches in Osogbo
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2014) Ishola, Isaac Adeyemi
The study identified and characterized Matt 5:21-26 in its original context. It addressed the impact of biblical principles of reconciliation highlighted in Matt 5:21- 26 on the teaching of Baptist Churches in Osogbo. It also examined the application of the teachings in Matt 5:21-26 to conflict resolution among the members of Baptist Churches in Osogbo. This was with a view to evaluating the success or otherwise of the application of the teaching to conflict resolution. The study employed both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary source included interviews which were conducted with 100 purposively selected church members; 10 each from 10 purposively selected Baptist Churches in Osogbo. Secondary source included books, journal articles, and the internet. The data collected were analyzed using exegetical and hermeneutical approaches. The result showed that the text of Matt 5:21-26 addressed five principles of reconciliation which involved taking the initiative by the offender, asking for clarification, asking for forgiveness, resolving not to repeat the offence and forgiveness. The study also found out that while the Baptist Churches in Osogbo usually applied the principles of reconciliation highlighted in Matt 5:21-26, they usually went an extra mile by referring cases of conflict either between individuals or between the Pastor or leaders and members to the Baptist Association, Conference and Convention. However, if the case could not be settled by any of these bodies, the Baptist Convention was empowered to dissociate or excommunicate such an erring member or local Baptist Church. The study further revealed that conflicts existed in Baptist Churches in Osogbo both among individuals and groups. It also discovered that causes of conflicts varied but power tussle, doctrinal disagreement, personality clashes, management/administration style and lack of trust were prominent causes of conflict in Baptist Churches in Osogbo. The study revealed that in 2012, 90% of conflict in the church, based on the application of the teachings of Mart 5:21-26 on conflict resolution, were resolved amicably. The study concluded that conflicts did occur in any human gathering and relationship and the church was not exempted. However, the application of the reconciliation principles as exemplified in Matt 5:21-26 could assist in their amicable resolution.
Open Access
An Appraisal of the Nigeria Army Adult Literacy Programme (1970-80).
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Vincent, Edward Ojemine
This study examined the number of soldiers who satisfactorily completed the Nigerian Army literacy pro-grammes and the effectiveness of these soldiers in the performance of their military duties. Subjects for the study consisted of 30 soldiers and 15 mobile police personnel enrolled in the Nigerian army literacy programmes. Data for the subjects were obtained from records and documents at the headquarters of the Education Corps in Lagos and from test scores of students at the skill at Arms in the Nigerian Army School of Infantry (NASI) Jaji. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse the data. Results of the study show that the basic inputs into. the programme such as finance, research, manpower, including the curriculum and the instructional methods were inadequate. Also between 1970 and 1980, 61,479 soldiers or) per cent of candidates enrolled for the programme obtained the Army Certificate of Education (ACE). Based on some of these findings, it is recommended that the present curriculum be revised with greater emphasis placed on the sciences and mathematics. More funds should also be made available for the success of the programme. A multi-dimensional, multi-sensory and more flexible approach to the methodology of instruction should be devised and adopted to replace the present traditional and teacher-centered approach. The rather limited success achieved in the programme so far is partly attributable to the inadequacies detected by this study. A more detailed study and revision of the admission policy, instructional strategies and evaluation techniques curently being used in the programme are recommended
Open Access
An appraisal of the Nigeria Army adult literacy programme (1970-80).
(Obafemi Awolowo University,, 1985) Department of Physical Education, Edward Ojemine
This study examined the number of soldiers who satisfactorily completed the Nigerian Army literacy pro-grammes and the effectiveness of these soldiers in the performance of their military duties. Subjects for the study consisted of 30 soldiers and 15 mobile police personnel enrolled in the Nigerian army literacy programmes. Data for the subjects were obtained from records and documents at the headquarters of the Education Corps in Lagos and from test scores of students at the skill at Arms in the Nigerian Army School of Infantry (NASI) Jaji. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse the data. Results of the study show that the basic inputs into. the programme such as finance, research, manpower, including the curriculum and the instructional methods were inadequate. Also between 1970 and 1980, 61,479 soldiers or) per cent of candidates enrolled for the programme obtained the Army Certificate of Education (ACE). Based on some of these findings, it is recommended that the present curriculum be revised with greater emphasis placed on the sciences and mathematics. More funds should also be made available for the success of the programme. A multi-dimensional, multi-sensory and more flexible approach to the methodology of instruction should be devised and adopted to replace the present traditional and teacher-centered approach. The rather limited success achieved in the programme so far is partly attributable to the inadequacies detected by this study. A more detailed study and revision of the admission policy, instructional strategies and evaluation techniques currently being used in the programme are recommended.
Open Access
Archachatina (Calachatina) Marginata Haemolymph Proteins, Physicochemical Characterization of Protein B.
(Obafemi Awolowo University,, 1985) Binutu, Olaoluwa Olujare
The haemolymph of Archachatina (Calachatina) marginata has been found to contain other proteins apart from the predominant protein, haemocyanin. One of the other protein components, Protein B, was isolated and purified using preparatory ultracentrifugation and gel filtration techniques. Physicochemical characterization, employing different techniques has showe that Protein B is different from the haemocyanin (and/or its subunit(s)) from this mollusc. Protein B has a molecular weight of 360KD consisting of two chains which are of identical molecular size. Amino acid composition for Protein B shows that: (i)there exist more acidic residues combined than those of the basic residues combined. (ii) there is a very large occurence of Proline residues (iii) there is also a large amount of cysteine residues. There is one gram atom of copper per dimer. Protein B is a glycoprotein. The carbohydrate portion is made up of units of acetylglucosamine and galactosamine. Peptic peptide fractionation of reduced carboxymethylated Protein B has shown that most of the carbohydrate can be found on a peptide having a mass of 15KD.
Open Access
Archachatina (Calachatina) Marginata Haemolymph Proteins,Physicochemical Characterization of protein B.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Binutu, Olaoluwa Olujare
The haemolymph of Archachatina (Calachatina) marginata has been found to contain other proteins apart from the predominant protein, haemocyanin. One of the other protein components, Protein B, was isolated and purified using preparatory ultracentrifugation and gel filtration techniques. Physicochemical characterization, employing different techniques has showe that Protein B is different from the haemocyanin (and/or its subunit(s)) from this mollusc. Protein B has a molecular weight of 360KD consisting of two chains which are of identical molecular size. Amino acid composition for Protein B shows that: (i)there exist more acidic residues combined than those of the basic residues combined. (ii) there is a very large occurence of Proline residues (iii) there is also a large amount of cysteine residues. There is one gram atom of copper per dimer. Protein B is a glycoprotein. The carbohydrate portion is made up of units of acetylglucosamine and galactosamine. Peptic peptide fractionation of reduced carboxymethylated Protein B has shown that most of the carbohydrate can be found on a peptide having a mass of 15KD.
Open Access
Aspects of Organic Geochemistry of Shales Associated with the Nigerian tar Sands
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Adedayo, Babatunde Adebayo
Ten shale samples from three Geological Consultancy Unit, University of Ife, boreholes (Nos. 19, 20 and 25) drilled within the Ondo State tar sand belt were analysed. Bitumen was extracted from all the samples using a standard Soxhiet apparatus. Organic carbon was determined and kerogen isolated from eight samples. Elemental analysis was also carried out on six samples. Organic carbon ranged from 1.6 - 4.9 wt.% and shows that the shales contain adequate organic carbon for source-rocks. The extractable bitumen (SOM) ranged from 1,293 ppm to 28,432 ppm with the aliphatics, aromatic/ester and nitrogen, sulphur and oxygen containing compounds (NS0's) constituting 4 - 340 ppm, 57 - 788 ppm and 631 - 8,879 ppm, respectively of the SOM. Microscopic examination of the kerogen shows that amorphous, herbaceous and coaly organic matter types constitute 53 - 74%, 16 - 41%, and 6 - 21%, respectively. A plot of the hydrogen/carbon and oxygen/carbon atomic ratios on a Van Krevelen diagram indicates that kerogens are types II and III, and are thermally immature. This shows that the shales associated with the tar sands are not the source for the bitumen in the tar sands°
Open Access
Assessment of internationalisation of higher education in public universities in Osun State (2004-2014)
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2016) Fasanmi, Success Ayodeji
The study identified the existing internationalisation measures in public universities and investigated the various human and material resources employed in the process of internationalisation of public universities in Osun State. It also examined the stages involved in the execution of internationalisation measures in public universities and investigated the level of internationalisation of higher education in public universities in the study area. These were with a view to providing information on the role of internationalisation in university development in Osun State from 2004 to 2014. The descriptive survey research design was used for the study. The population consisted of all the 25 Deans, 132 Heads of Department (HODs), 24 Faculty Officers (FO’s) and two Student Affairs Officers (SAOs) in Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), Ile-Ife and Osun State University (UNIOSUN), Osogbo. The sample of the study comprised 58 respondents including eight Deans, 42 HODs, six FOs and two SAOs from the two institutions. Proportionate random sampling technique was used to select five Deans from (OAU), and three from UNIOSUN as well as 30 HODs from OAU and 12 from UNIOSUN. Three FOs and one SAO were selected from OAU and UNISOUN respectively using simple random sampling technique. Thirty-three percent of the total population was selected in each category. Two instruments were used to collect information from the respondents namely; Assessment of Compliance with Internationalisation Process Questionnaire (ACIPQ) and Internationalisation of Higher Education Measures Questionnaire (IMRQ) Data collected were analysed using simple percentage and content analysis. The results showed measures of internationalisation such as research collaboration, faculty exchange and development, cooperative teaching, international student mobility, academic freedom, branch campus system, distance education, scholarship funding, on-line presence, stable internet access and functional laboratories with an aggregate mean of ( = 14.8) at Obafemi Awolowo University and ( = 7.5) at Osun State University. The results also showed that human and material resources and effort directed towards internationalisation include collaboration in teaching and research, provision of research grants, regular curriculum reform, emphasis on graduate employability, compliance with National Universities Commission (NUC) benchmarks provision of scholarship grants with an aggregate mean of ( =18.8) at Obafemi Awolowo University and ( = 9.3) at Osun State University. The results further showed activity, competency, ethos and process approaches to internationalisation at Obafemi Awolowo University with an aggregate mean of ( = 17) and at Osun State University with an aggregate mean of ( = 7.8). Finally, the results revealed that the level of internationalisation at OAU was higher than at UNIOSUN as indicators of internationalisation such as electronic learning, open education resource, stable academic calendar, quality basic and applied research, communication linkage, stable internet access (for staff and students), on-line presence, cross campus research collaboration had an aggregate mean of ( - 16.9) at Obafemi Awolowo University and ( - 8.3) at Osun State University. The study concluded that internationalisation measures contributed positively to the development of teaching, research and service in universities in Osun State.
Open Access
An assessment of knowledge, beliefs and practices concerning epilepsy among christians in Ile-Ife
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2014) Adeseeke, Ruth Adekunle
The study identified the knowledge and beliefs about the aetiology of epilepsy held by different categories of Christians in Ile-Ife. It analysed how these beliefs and practices of Christians influenced their attitude to, and their social perception of people with epilepsy. It also investigated the religious and social factors that influenced the choice of treatment by people with epilepsy. The study further examined the extent to which Christian clerics were able to be mobilized to provide better care and social tolerance for people with epilepsy. This was with a view to determining how the stigma and discrimination against people with epilepsy could be reduced. The study employed both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary source included administration of questionnaire administered on 150 Christians drawn in equal number from some selected mainline Protestant and Pentecostal churches. The mainline Protestant churches purposively selected included Anglican, Baptist and Methodist, while the Pentecostal churches included Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG), The Apostolic Church (TAC), and Gospel Faith Mission International (GOFAMINT). The selection of these churches was based on their geographical spread and numerical strength in Ile-Ife. These were supplemented with structured interviews held with two clerics each from the selected churches. Also, participant observation was carried out among the epileptic patients at the Neuro-clinic of the ObafemiAwolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex for a period of three months, June-August 2012. The secondary source included books, journal articles, newspapers and the Internet. The data collected were analysed using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed that most Christians in Ile-Ife attributed the cause of epilepsy to brain disease, spiritual attack, heredity and demonic possession. The study found out that they also held the belief that it was contagious, thus accounting for their low tolerant level. The study also found out that the religious beliefs of relative and friends, the nature and frequency of seizure, and residential location were the social and religious factors responsible for the preferred choice of treatment by persons with epilepsy. Furthermore, the study found out that despite the adherence of these Christians to their various religious denominations, some of them still recommended traditionally-based healing alongside church healing and deliverance sessions. The study concluded that clerics and neurologists could work effectively for better care and social tolerance for people with epilepsy in order to reduce the stigma and discrimination against them in the society.
Open Access
Assessment of the preparedness and attitude of lecturers and students to mobile learning in University of Ilorin,Nigeria
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2016) Ola, Temitope Olaide
The study determined the attitude of lecturers and students to the integration and utilization of mobile learning and also assessed the level of preparedness of the lecturers and students to the integration and utilization of mobile learning tools in the University of Ilorin. It further examined the challenges and prospects of mobile learning in the University. These were with a view to providing information on mobile learning usage for provision of quality education in University of Ilorin, Nigeria. The study employed descriptiveresearch design.The population consisted of lecturers and students of the University of Ilorin. The sample consisted of 300 participants comprising 250 students and 50 lecturers. Five faculties were selected using simple random technique. They are : Education, Arts, Science, Agriculture and Engineering. From each faculty, 50 students and 10 lecturers were also selected using simple random sampling technique. Two research instruments were used for data collection namely: Lecturers’ Preparedness and Attitude Questionnaire (LPAQ) and Students’ Preparedness and Attitude Questionnaire (SPAQ). Both instruments measured lecturers’ and students’ preparedness, attitude, challenges and prospects of mobile learning respectively. The instruments were adapted by the researcher from mobile learning literature using the 5 point Likert-type scale. Data collected were analyzed using percentages and t-test statistics. The results showed that76% of the lecturers and 73% of the students agreed that the integration of mobile learning was laudable and not time wasting. Similarly,47% of lecturers and 76% of students were positively disposed to the utilization of mobile learning. Comparing the attitudes of students and their lecturers, the results showed that students were better disposed to mobile learning than their lecturers (Xs=21.89 and Xl=17.68). The results also showed that 58% of the lecturers agreed that there was adequate level of preparation in terms of training for staff before the integration and utilization. Thirty six percent of the students also rated the level of training before the integration and use of mobile learing as adequate. In addition, 40% of the students and 50% of the staff of the University of Ilorin opined that there was a pilot test before mobile learning was integrated. With respect to access to facilities, 48% of the lecturers and 44.2% of the students agreed that there were available facilities in place as a mark of preparedness for the utilization of mobile learning at the University. The results further revealed that the lecturers’ level of preparedness was significantly better than that of the students’ (t= 70, p<0.05). Finally, the results showed that 92% of the lecturers agreed that mobile learning could be an effective method of teaching. Furthermore, all the lecturers said that mobile learning provides flexible method of teaching as wellas enhanced motivation, active participation and increased understanding of the course contents. Fifty nine percent of the students also agreed that mobile learning provided immediate support, 68% agreed that it enhanced independent and collaborative learning. While 52% agreedthat it improved literacy and numeric skills. The following challenges were identified : 70% of the lecturers and 33.8% of the studernts agrred that network reception was a challenge. Ninety percent of the lecturers and 47% of the students agreed that battery life also constituted a challenge. Finally,74% of lecturers and 41% of students agreed that epileptic power supply was another major challenges. The study concluded that mobile learning was being widely utilized by the students and their lecturers for instructional purposes though with some challenges.
Open Access
The case of Semantic Ambiguity: English usage in Nigerian politics
(Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria, 1984) Yusuf, Yisa Kehinde
This thesis is an attempt at examining the significance of semantic ambiguity to communication. The work is based on data collected from the political events which occurred and the speeches that were made during the Nigerian Second Republic (1979 - 1983). The semantic analysis of the data has been done largely in terms of Componential Analysis. The thesis reviews the theoretical and attitudinal controversies surrounding the concepts of semantics and semantic ambiguity. It also examines the implications of these controversies for a study on communication in an L2 medium in politics. The work also establishes that the complexity and dynamics of the relationship that exists between language and reality make the occurrence of semantic ambiguity a linguistic inevitability. It further characterizes second-language-induced cases of the semantic phenomenon, and reveals that though the occurrence of semantic ambiguity does not discriminate between L1 and L2 situations of the use of a language, the incidence of the semantic feature is higher in an L2 situation. The work suggests that the moral characterizations of semantic ambiguity should be deemphasized in linguistic studies, as such characterizations more properly belong to the discipline known as Ethics. It reveals that rather than being a linguistic aberration, semantic ambiguity is a linguistic normality which, moreover, constitutes a linguistic facility. Finally, the thesis highlights two potential areas for further research: (1) the semantic structure of contradiction in the 'interlanguage' of L2 users of English who have Nigerian languages as their L1s (2) the socio-cultural determination of logic in meaning
Open Access
Causal Factors in the Nigerian Civil a Critical and Comparative Analysis of Some Nigerian Accounts.
(Obafemi Awolowo University,, 1985) Siyan, Siyan, O
The principal objective of this study is to attempt a critical ad comparative analysis of the various causal explanations proffered for the Nigerian Civil War in the published accounts of the principal acters participants and, spokesmen on both sides of the war. We discover that these accounts often invoke as "causes" .factors such the heterogeneity of the Nigerian society and politics, the British colonial policy of divide and rule", the 1966 killings in the army along ethnic lines and the massacres of the Igbo in 1966. We, however, argue in this work that this commitment to ethnic, regional and other superstructural explanation and rationalizations does not fully explain the complex character of the Nigerian Civil War. For instance, it does not satisfactorily to explain way the war was not fought entirely along ethnic cr. ,regional lines. Thus we adopt an alternative analysis located in the context of overall political economy of Nigeria, and highlighting the following causal relationships: Firstly, the bitterness and violence which accompanied Nigerian politics was provoked not so much by ethnic differences as by the competition among the various factions of the ruling class for limited opportunities in business and politics. Concretely, each faction (or fraction) of the ruling class wanted to control the centre because it would thereby be able to monopolise the rational wealth for the purpose of private accumulation. In effect, despite the denial of both parties, the desire to exercise full control over the oil-resources of Eastern Nigeria was crucial in the outbreak of the war. Secondly, but in a less significant sense the civil war could be said to have arisen as a result of the diplomatic and political blunders and misunderstandings on the part of the leaders on both sides of the war, as demonstrated by the September 1966 Ad-Hoc Constitutional Conference and. the Aburl Peace Meeting of - o January 1967. On the whole, our analysis reveals that the Nigerian Civil War as the culmination of the contradictions within the ruling class before and after independence
Open Access
The challenge of Gunaikōn Diakoniōn (women ministering) in luke 8:1-3 to the Christ Apostolic Church, Delta state
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2016) Manyoekpaogba, Sunny
The study interpreted Luke 8:1-3 with a particular focus on ministry ofwomen in the New Testament Era. It examined women service in the Christ Apostolic Church (CAC) in Delta State of Nigeria. Furthermore, it contextualized the services of women in the Gospel of Luke in the CAC in Delta State. This was with a view to orienting the society on the concept of women ministry in the church. The study employed both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary source comprised of the Greek text of Luke 8:1-3, which was analyzed into phrases, keywords and interpreted with the aid of Bible Dictionaries, Commentaries, and Greek Lexicons. Furthermore, unstructured interviews with the representatives of CAC in Delta State were conducted. The selected respondents were drawn from the nine divisions of the church in the Delta State, which is made up of five Zones and the four Districts Coordinating Councils (DCC) of CAC in Delta State. They included the nine DCC/Zone’s Superintendents and the nine CAC Good Women leaders of the four DCCs and five Zones. In addition, interviews were conducted with nine respondents from among Pastors, Deaconesses, Midwives and female members of CAC Youth Fellowship (CACYOF), one each from of the nine DCCs/Zones. The selection of these respondents was aimed at eliciting opinions from the leaders of CAC in Delta State and the various women segments. The secondary sources comprised books, journal articles and the Internet. The data collected were subjected to critical analysis using hermeneutic approach. The results showed that women served Jesus Christ and his team with their substances. These services included ministering with their material possessions and spiritual gifts. On the local scene, CAC women in Delta State are involved in all the units of the church. They have financial obligation towards periodic distributions of food items to their pastors, besides their pastors’ statutory salaries. The study also found out that, individually and collectively, the women served as evangelists, prophetesses, teachers and church planters. Owing to the marginalization of female ministers, several such as Lady Evangelist Bola Odeleke had left CAC to found their own denominations. Furthermore, the study discovered that, in collaboration with their fellow women from other States, CAC women also employed their material possessions in the construction of hostel facilities at CAC Prayer Camp, a bakery at Joseph Ayo Babalola University. Western education and enlightenment had assisted in enlarging the scope of women inCAC in Delta State. The study concluded that it is pertinent to bear in mind the interest of all the church ministers since the growth of the CAC in Delta has been credited to the efforts of men and women. This church authority should organized programmes that will enhance the development of its female ministers to match female peers in other denominations.
Open Access
A Cmputer Simulation Model of Optimum sized tractor Selection for Agricultural Mechanization
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Adagunodo, Emmanuel Rotimi
A computer simulation model for the selection of optimum-sized tractors based upon the durability and minimum cost analysis of the tractor has been developed. There is the need to optimize tractor sizes so as to minimize the cost and increase the productivity of farm mechanization process. The optimal replacement period and reliability of the tractor are considered in this study with respect to the volume of utilization of such tractor. A procedure for determining tractor optimum size through the replacement period and reliability analysis is presented in the study. The results of the study establish that two tractor models - David Brown 995 and 990 - of 62 and 58 horsepowers respectively are recommended for the two categories of tractor owners and users involved in the study. DB 995 has been considered adequate for the private commercial farmers who cultivate between (30-40) hectares of land and DB 990 is recommended as the optimum machine for the government-owned tractor hiring units. The results of the work show further that a few policy implications may arise from changes in the two important quantities - maintenance and purchase costs of the tractor. A low maintenance and high purchase costs lead to extended replacement period and high durability. On the other hand, high maintenance and cheap purchase price of he tractor result in shortened replacement period and low durability for the tractor. The need to stop any subsidies on tractor purchase price and provide subsidised maintenance and repairs and also establish more government-owned tractor hiring units is Stressed in the study.
Open Access
Cohesion in selected land disputes’ judgments at Ondo State High Court of Justice
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 2014) Sangodeyi, Tolulope Esther
The study identified the cohesive devices in the selected land disputes’ judgement documents at Ondo State High Court of Justice. It analysed the identified cohesive devices in the documents and also related the cohesive features to the legal context of the selected judgements. All these were done with a view to demonstrating how cohesive devices were functionally utilised in legal documents. The study employed both primary and secondary sources of data collection. The primary data comprised six purposively selected land disputes’ judgement documents. Two documents were selected from each of the three Senatorial Districts in Ondo State, namely, Ondo South, Ondo North and Ondo Central. The secondary source included books, journal articles and the Internet. The data collected were analysed using the linguistic framework of Halliday and Matheissen’s Systemic Functional Grammar (SFG). The results showed that the cohesive devices in the selected land disputes’ judgement documents were synonyms, antonyms, collocations, repetitions, references and conjunctions. It was realised from the statistical analysis of data that repetition had the highest frequency on the table of judgement texts analysis. It was followed by synonymy, conjunction, collocation, references and antonyms respectively. The results further showed that the device of repetition was mainly used for the purpose of precision and clarity, while synonymywas used for reiteration, emphasis and for creating textual unity. Findings also showed that conjunction served the same purpose of creating textual unity and coherence. Analysis indicated on the other hand, that collocationwas used for enhancement of effective understanding of the texts; and on the other hand, that references and antonyms were used to disambiguate the information conveyed in the judgement texts. The study further revealed that cohesive devices were found to be strategic to the conventional requirement of legal discourse in the aspect of clarity. The study concluded that the cohesive devices in the selected land disputes’ judgements were jointly utilised for making the discourse to be unified and to be devoid of ambiguities.
Open Access
A Comparative Biochemical Study of the Interaction of Some Trypanocides with Rat Tissue Cellular Systems.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Akanji, M Adewumi
The effects of three trypanocides (tryparsamide, novidium and berenil) on rat liver and kidney were studied with a view to understanding the site of primary injury to the cell resulting from their administration. Four enzymes which are exclusively located in specific regions of the cell were used to monitor the regions affected by the drugs. The results obtained showed that administration of each of the three drugs resulted in massive increase of alkaline phosphates activity and a very marked inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in both tissues. There was no significant effect on the lysosomal enzymes both in vivo and in vitro. These results indicate that tryparsamide, novidium and berenil ellicit their action on the cellular system of both liver and kidney in similar ways when administered to rats. Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity which is located in the soluble fraction of cytoplasm may lead to accumulation of pyruvate in the cell. The massive increase of alkaline phosphates activity in the tissues may also lead to indiscriminate hydrolysis of phosphate esters needed for vital activities in the cell.
Open Access
A comparative biochemical study of the interaction of some trypanocides with rat tissue cellular systems.
(Obafemi Awolowo University, 1986) Akanji, Musbau Adewumi
The effects of three trypanocides (tryparsamide, novidium and berenil) on rat liver and kidney were studied with a view to understanding the site of primary injury to the cell resulting from their administration. Four enzymes which are exclusively located in specific regions of the cell were used to monitor the regions affected by the drugs. The results obtained showed that administration of each of the three drugs resulted in massive increase of alkaline phosphates activity and a very marked inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity in both tissues. There was no significant effect on the lysosomal enzymes both in vivo and in vitro. These results indicate that tryparsamide, novidium and berenil ellicit their action on the cellular system of both liver and kidney in similar ways when administered to rats. Inhibition of lactate dehydrogenase activity which is located in the soluble fraction of cytoplasm may lead to accumulation of pyruvate in the cell. The massive increase of alkaline phosphates activity in the tissues may also lead to indiscriminate hydrolysis of phosphate esters needed for vital activities in the cell.