Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Theses and Dissertations
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- ItemOpen AccessBusiness Ethics and Performance of small and medium Enterprises in Lagos State.(The Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Administration, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) ANDRE, Akinola AdekunleThe study examined the various ethical practices among the small and medium enterprises in Lagos State. It also determined the extent of implementation of business ethics among SMEs and, assessed the effects of business ethics on their performance. It further analysed the challenges confronting its implementation. These were with a view to providing information on the effects of business ethics on the performance of SMEs in Lagos State. The study utilised a descriptive survey research design. Primary data were employed in collecting the needed information for the study and was achieved through self-administered questionnaire to the respondents. Lagos State was purposively selected being the state with the highest number of SMEs. Multistage sampling technique was used for the study. At the first stage, random sampling technique was employed in selecting the 20 local government areas (inclusive of its LCDAs) in the state. At the second stage, purposive sampling technique was used in selecting 10 sectors based on the proliferations of SMEs as stated in the SMEDAN/NBS (2017) national survey of micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). At the third stage, 382 respondents from specific sectors within the local governments were selected using purposive sampling technique so as to arrive at the sample size for the study. Data collected were analysed using percentages, mean, standard deviation, and partial least square/structural equation model approach. The results showed that various ethical practices such as fairness (𝑋̅ = 4.18), discipline ( 𝑋̅ = 3.80), accountability (𝑋̅ = 4.30), trust (𝑋̅ = 3.80), honesty (𝑋̅ = 4.57) confidentiality (𝑋̅ = 3.98), and integrity (𝑋̅ = 4.40) were adopted by SMEs in Lagos State. Also, the result showed that fairness and respect (42.4%, 𝑋̅ = 4.22), integrity (55.3%, 𝑋̅ = 4.41), discipline (46.2%, 𝑋̅ = 4.35), accountability (49.7%, 𝑋̅ = 4.39), trust (42.4%, 𝑋̅ = 4.17), honesty (54.2%, 𝑋̅= 4.40), leadership (45.3%, 𝑋̅=4.25), transparency (45.1%, (𝑋̅= 4.27),and confidentiality (46.9%, 𝑋̅=4.37) were implemented to a very large extent; while objectivity ( 43.1%, 𝑋̅ = 3.98), and environmental concern (40.6%, 𝑋̅ = 3.80), and were implemented to a large extent. Furthermore, findings reveal that at a p-value of 0.05, all the values of business ethics (fairness, confidentiality, integrity, responsibility, transparency, environmental consciousness) and the SMEs performance (employee satisfaction, market share, perceived customers’ satisfaction and product quality) of the measurement’s variables are significant. Findings also revealed that the outer factors loading is significant and reliable at a threshold value of 0.70 and that all the measured constructs have values above 0.70. In addition, the results revealed that business ethics had significant and indirect effect on employee satisfaction (t=23.287, p <0.05), market share (t= 11.484, p <0.05), perceived customers’ satisfaction (t= 18.905, p <0.05) and product quality (t= 6.730, p <0.05). Additionally, the study identified inadequate education and orientation of employees on business ethics principles (30.7%) as a major challenge confronting the implementation of business ethics. While, undue societal pressure (9.7%), too many inconsistencies/impartialities in administering ethical codes (7.4%), poor supervision and monitoring (6.8%), lack of disciplinary action(s) on part of management and lack of ethics training (6.2%) were less critical. The least were: poor leadership (1.2%) and organisational culture (0.9%). The study concluded that there is a strong positive effects of business ethics on the performance of SMEs in Lagos State.
- ItemOpen AccessPersonnel Deployment in the Nigerian federal civil service with reference to Oyo and kwara States(Department of Public Administration Obafemi Awolowo University, 1996) Matthew Olu OkotoniThis thesis examined personnel deployment as an aspect of field administration in the Nigerian federal civil service with special reference to Oyo and Kwara State. The thrust of the thesis is that effective distribution and utilization of personnel is a sine-quanon for the success of any organization.
- ItemOpen AccessCustomer relationship marketing and customer retention in the food and beverages industry in Southwestern Nigeria.(Management and Accounting,Obafemi Awolowo University, 2019) Agelebe, Ibiwunmi BosedeThis study ascertained the extent of adoption of customer relationship marketing strategy in the food and beverages industry; investigated the challenges faced by the food and beverages industry in adopting customer relationship marketing practices; examined how customer relationship marketing drivers enhance customer retention in the food and beverages industry and investigated the influence of customer relationship marketing on customer retention. These were with the view to providing information on how customer relationship marketing enhances customer retention. Primary data was employed for this study. The study population was 18,071 which were the staff of eight purposively selected companies in the food and beverages industry in Southwestern Nigeria having their headquarters in Lagos, Ogun and Osun States. The three states were selected because they either have food or beverages companies’ headquarters located in them. The sample size was derived using Taro Yamane formula, while proportionate stratification method was employed in obtaining the sample from the selected companies. The middle and lower class managers were purposively selected as the respondents for this study because they are set of staff who have close relationship with the customers. Questionnaire was used to gather pertinent information from the respondents. The data collected were analysed using frequency distribution, percentage, mean, graphs, ranking, factor analysis, ordered probit and logit. The results showed that 78.01% respondents expressed their view that relationship marketing was practiced by the food and beverages industry and that the level of adoption of relationship marketing by the food and beverages industry was high (58.06%). Furthermore, the results revealed that the challenges faced by the food and beverages industry in adopting CRM were difficulty in establishing direct contact with customers, misunderstanding of customers’ needs, creation of customer database, employees not being customer-centric, inadequate resources, lack of technological support and inadequate training among the staff. However, lack of technological support was ranked as the most challenge faced by the industry while inadequate training among the staff being the least. More so, using ordered probit regression, the results revealed that trust (t = 2.37, coef. = 0.771 and p < 0.05) and customer satisfaction (t = 2.67, coef. = 0.852 and p < 0.05) were identified as the major relationship marketing drivers influencing customer retention. However, the pairwise correlation matrix revealed that there is a positive relationship between trust, commitment, customer satisfaction, communication and customer retention. Hence, indicating that these drivers influence customer retention. The results further revealed that firms that adopt customer relationship marketing were 1.4 times more likely to improve significantly (t = 0.99, β = 1.412 and p < 0.01) their ability to retain customers than those that adopt only transactional marketing, however, firms that adopted the two (i.e. both relational and transactional) were likely to be two times (t = 0.99, β = 2.460 and p < 0.01) better in their ability to retain customers. The study concluded that customer relationship marketing significantly influenced customers’ retention in the food and beverage industry.