Studies on Indegenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from a Fallow Field in Ile -Ife
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Date
2014
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Obafemi Awolowo University
Abstract
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi spore abundance and species composition were assessed on a fallow field in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching and Research Farm, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. This was with a view to evaluating their potentials for the enhancement of crop yield.
Soil samples were collected randomly from nine (9) different points within the field in March, 2012, before the onset of the rainy season. The soil samples were air-dried and processed for AM fungi spore abundance and species composition. The isolated AM fungi species were affiliated with already described species. The isolated AM fungi species were used to develop AM fungi inoculum and used in simulated trial experiment singly and in combination using tomato cultivar (Lycopercium sp.) as test plant. The chemical analysis of the different pot soil was carried out before and after harvest to determine the enrichment of soil nutrient by the different treatments applied.
The AM fungi spore density observed in the field of study ranged between 5 – 9 spores/g of soil. Three AM fungi spore types, Glomus mosseae, Glomus luteum and Glomus viscosum were isolated from all the soil samples. G. mosseae was the most abundant of the three spores with total relative abundance of 66.59 ± 7.05%. G. luteum and G. viscosum had mean relative abundance of 16.89 ± 5.18% and 16.52 ± 3.86% respectively. Mycorrhiza inoculation improved plant growth and fruit yield (g) of tomato cultivar. All the single inoculated mycorrhizal treatments improved fruit yield (g) (G. mosseae (63.83 g); G. luteum (85.58 g); viscosum (66.38 g)) than the other treatments. However, not all combinations of AM inoculum were effective in improving plant crop yield. The combination of G. mosseae and G. luteum was the best combination (56.35 g) and the worst of the combination treatments was the treatment with the combination G. mosseae and G. viscosum (24.63 g). The result of this study also revealed that, AM fungus/fungi differ in their ability to enhance soil nutrient enrichment depending on the soil nutrient element being considered and the AM fungus or fungi in combination.
This study concluded that AM fungi improved plant crop yield and also contributed to soil nutrient enrichment.
Description
xv,79
Keywords
Fallow Field, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal, Fungi, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching and Research Farm, Nigeria
Citation
Adeniyi Mobolaji Adenike(2014)Studies on Indegenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi from a Fallow Field in Ile -Ife