Master of Philosophy (M.Phil.) Theses and Dissertations

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    Vulnerability assessment of boreholes drilling along fault lines and their impacts on earthquakes/ tremors in Nigeria
    (Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo Univeristy, 2023) Odumeru, Gladys Titilayo
    The study analyzed spatio-temporal clustering of past earthquake/tremor events, and examined borehole drilling with other geophysical factors and their impacts on earthquake/tremor occurrences. Finally, the study modeled an earth vulnerability map of the study area. These were with a view to determining the effect of indiscriminate borehole drilling along fault lines which can stimulate an earth movement. The study made use of mainly secondary data. The data include the magnitude of past earthquake/tremor events (1933-2018), geospatial data such as DEM (Digital Elevation Map), soil/geology maps and tectonic data from the 1m SLAR (Side Looking Aerial Radar) Aeromagnetic Lineament Map of Nigeria were used for the study. Data were analyzed using geospatial techniques, descriptive and inferential statistics (multiple regressions). The result of the Anselin Local Moran’s I and Getis–Ord Gi* Pattern Analysis showed a Spatio-temporal clustering of Earthquake/Tremor events in Ogun, Oyo, Kaduna states and the Federal Capital Territory at a global and local level, where borehole drilling, mining, and quarrying are primed, with zscores of 1.76, 1.80, 1.64, and -2.56 and p-values<1.73, 0.05, 0.03, 0.045, 0.0008, and 0.04, at 0.05 significant level and at 95% confidence interval, while, Ogun and Bayelsa states were identified as earthquake/tremor hotspots where borehole drilling and oil well drilling are respectively predominant at 90% and 99% confidence interval. The results also showed that drilling and quarrying/mining had a statistically significant effect on the magnitude of past earthquake/tremors with p-values< 0.02 and 0.04 respectively at 0.05 significant level and 95% confidence interval. The modeled earthquake/tremor hazard/vulnerability map using Analytical Hierarchal Processing (AHP) and Pairwise Comparism Matrixes (PCM) with Eigen 18 values of 0.62, 0.22, 0.088, 0.042, 0.027 assigned on the Lineament density, geology, soil, elevation and magnitudes respectively were finally processed on a weighted overlay tool, ranked on a likert scale ranging from: Very high hazard/vulnerability (7), high hazard/vulnerability (5), moderate hazard/vulnerability (3), low hazard/vulnerability (2) and very low hazard/vulnerability (1) levels. The study concluded that indiscriminate borehole drilling along fault lines could stimulate an earth movement within the study area.
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    Level and correlates of unmet need for contraception among postpartum women in makurdi local government, Benue state, Nigeria
    (Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.., 2024) Amusan, Kayode Abimbola.
    The study investigated the prevalence of unmet need for contraception among married women in the postpartum period in Makurdi LGA, Benue State; determined the level of unmet need for contraception in the postpartum period among women; assess the relationship between individual, household, and health facility level factors and unmet need for contraception; examined the factors influencing unmet need for contraception among the postpartum women; and explored the other socio-cultural factors affecting unmet need for contraception in Makurdi LGA. This was with the view of understanding the level and context of the unmet need for contraception among postpartum women in Makurdi LGA of Benue State. This study employed a concurrent mixed research approach, using quantitative and qualitative research methods. The study population consisted of currently married women of childbearing age (15–49) who had given birth in the last 12 months preceding the study and were living in Makurdi Local Government Area at the time of the study. The multistage sampling technique was used in selecting 250 eligible respondents. Atlas.ti and STATA, respectively, were used in the analysis of both the qualitative and quantitative data obtained. The extracted data were analysed using appropriate descriptive (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistics (adjusted and unadjusted binary logistic regression analysis). Results showed a 22.94% level of unmet need among postpartum women, 14.98% and 7.95%, respectively, for spacing and limiting birth. At the individual level, the study found a significant relationship between educational status (χ2=33.7898, df=1, p=0.006), contraceptive knowledge (χ2=7.5392, df=1, p=0.006), age (χ2=43.000, df=5, p=0.001), income (χ2=31.287, df=5, p=0.000), number of living children (χ2=10.7159, df=2p=0.005), fear of side effects (χ2=5.6071, df=1, p=0.018), the intended number of children (χ2=5.1709, df=1, p=0.023), and the unmet need for contraception. Also, the household level analysis showed that the husband's opposition to contraceptive use (χ2=22.3243, df=1, p=0.000), family planning discussion (χ2=14.5732, df=1, p=0.000), and husband’s education (χ2=9.2872, df=3, p=0.026) were significantly related to the unmet need for contraception. Lastly, at the health facility level, the distance to health care services (χ2=16.5016, df=1, p=0.000) and postnatal care visits (χ2=52.792, df=1, p=0.000) were significantly related to the postpartum unmet need for contraception. The multivariate analysis result revealed that the age of the postpartum women (OR=0.065, C.I =0.143-0.293, p<0.05), their educational status (OR=0.13, C.I =0.02-0.76, p<0.05), the fear of side effects (OR=11.59, C.I =2.38-56.30, p<0.05), family planning discussion (OR=0.16, C.I =0.05-0.45, p<0.05), and postnatal care visits (OR=0.2, C.I =0.08-0.48, p<0.05) were the factors influencing the postpartum unmet need for contraception in Makurdi LGA. Traditional and cultural belief systems such as seeing children as blessings from God, seeing family planning as taboos, power attributed to the husbands as the head of the house, and power play by the in-laws were reported by the women as factors affecting the unmet need for contraception in Makurdi LGA. The study concluded that the level and context of unmet need for contraception among postpartum women in Makurdi LGA of Benue state has adverse effects on their reproductive health.