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- ItemOpen AccessAn assessment of the nutritive quality of some browse plants in southwestern Nigeria(Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 1984) Adejumo, John OlusesanThe effects of plant age at harvest, planting distance, cutting time, frequency and height on the yield and nutritive value of gliricida sepium, cajanus cajan and leucaena leucocephala were studied. The feeding value of leucaena as a fodder source for West African dwarf sheep was also investigated
- ItemOpen AccessSoil Test and Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Requirement of maize in South western Nigeria(Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1985) Adebusuyi Benson AdekunleSoil testing as a fertilizer advisory service to farmers is not common in Nigeria
- ItemOpen AccessSoil fertility requirement and intensity cultivation for increasing rice production(Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University., 1987) Ajayi, Emmanuel Oluwole OjoA study was conducted at Badeggi (Agaie soil series) for three years with the objectives of determining the effect of combinations of intensive cultivation and soil fertility management on rice productivity of submerged soils.
- ItemOpen AccessThe impact of land tenure systems and rural credit market on agricultural investmenet in Oyo state of Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 1990) Idowu, Ezekiel Oluwakayode.The study was designed to provide an imperical measure of association and possible line of causation between land tenure institutions, rural credit and agricultural investment in Oyo state. The Objective was to investigate the various ways by which the existing land tenure system and rural credit market are influencing the process of agricultural development.
- ItemOpen AccessGenetic and non-genetic sources of variation in liter size, kidding interval and body weight at various ages in West African dwarf goats.(Department of Animal science , Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., 1991) Idowu, Kolawole Odubote.Records on eight hundred and forty-eight west African Dwarf Goat kids sired by eleven bucks mated to a total of one hundred and thirty doot vere used for this study.
- ItemOpen AccessParticipation of Women Local Leaders in Rural Women- Based Development Programmes in Osun State, Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology,Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, 2002) OKUNADE, E. O, ( 2002), Participation of women local leaders in rural women-based development programmes in Osun State, Nigeria.Department of Agricultural Extention and Rural Sociology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife.This study examined how women leadership roles could enhance participation of women in rural development projects. This was explained focusing on the following dynamics: rural women-based development projects; women leadership characteristics; leadership activities in production and processing activities; benefits of rural development projects and identified the community attitude towards women.
- ItemOpen AccessInfluence of microfinance delivery by non- govermental organizations (NGO) on rural poverty alleviation in Oyo and Ondo States of Southwestern Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2005) OKE, Joel OluseyeThis study investigated the incidence, depth and severity of rural people and analyzed the factors that significantly influenced rural poverty. It also investigated the factors that affected the amount of rural people and the socio- economic variables that would affect repayment of loans by the people. The study concluded that in spite of highs lending rate, microfinance delivery by NGOs enhanced poverty alleviation, per capita income, consumption, business investment, credit acquisition and savings among clients.
- ItemOpen AccessNutrient Characterisation of Hydrolysed and Microbially-Degraded Feather Meal and Their Utilizations by Laying Birds.(Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2021) YUSUF, Abiola AdeyegeThe study determined the nutrient digestibility, laying performance and egg quality of pullets fed with hydrolysed and microbially-degraded feather meal. This was with a view to determining the effect of hydrolysed and microbially-degraded feather meal on the laying performance of the birds. In the digestibility trial, a total number of seventy weeks old (70) twelve cockerel birds were individually housed in cages. Each was tube-fed 30 g of test ingredients and was divided into three feeding groups of 4 birds per group: group A (glucose in water), B (commercially hyrolysed feather meal (CHF) and C (microbially-degraded feather meal (MDF). In feeding trial, five experimental diets were fed to five groups of laying birds. Diet 1 served as the control without feather meal, Diet 2 contained 5% hydrolysed feather meal while Diet 3 contained 8% hydrolysed feather meal. Diet 4 contained 5% microbially-degraded feather meal and Diet 5 contained 8% microbially-degraded feather meal. Birds were randomly assigned to dietary treatments in three replicates of ten birds each and the experimental design was completely randomized design. Data were collected on hen-day egg production, egg weight and feed conversion ratio. At 4th, 6th and 8th week of the study, three eggs per replicate were collected to measure the internal and external qualities of the eggs produced. Raw feather, hydrolysed feather meal and microbially-degraded feather meal were analysed for amino acid contents and the experiment lasted for eight weeks. Feed and excreta samples were also analysed for proximate composition. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in chemical composition of test samples except for dry matter and crude protein. Dry matter of CHF and MDF were 90.00% and 94.33% respectively while the crude protein value of CHF were 80.32% and MDF 85.1 % respectively. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in nutrient digestibility of hydrolysed and microbially-degraded feather meals. The digestibility values of dry matter of CHF and MDF were 60.42% and 59.49% respectively, while the crude protein of CHF and MDF were 76.41% and 80.25% respectively. In the feeding trial, the feed conversion ratio, feed cost, body weight gain and hen day egg production of laying birds were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by the dietary treatments except feed. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the egg quality parameters across all treatments except albumen and yolk heights. It was concluded from the study that microbially-degraded feather meal compared favourably with hydrolysed feather meal and both can be included up to 8% in the diets of laying birds without negative effects on laying performance and egg quality.
- ItemOpen AccessInfluence of plumage colour on body weight and body parameters of noiler chicken and their crosses.(Department of Animal science, Faculty of Agriculture. Obafemi Awolowo University., 2021) AKINSEMOLU, Francis AdemolaABSTRACT The study assessed the growth performance, combining abilities and nonlinear growth models of three plumage colour varieties (PCV) of Noiler chicken (black, brown and barred) and their crosses. This was with a view to study the influence of plumage colour on body weight and body parameters of Noiler chicken and their crosses. A total of four hundred and eighty (480) birds were used for this study; two hundred and forty (240) day-old chicks, comprising of eighty each from black, brown and barred strains were used for the parent line and 240 day-old chicks comprising of sixty day-old chicks each obtained from eggs collected from diallel cross of (Black [Bl] and Brown [Br]) plumage colour varieties of Noiler chicken were also used for the crosses. Four genetic groups (Bl × Bl, Br × Br, Bl × Br and Br × Bl) were generated from the crosses. The birds were brooded and raised on deep litter and battery cage for 16 weeks in labelled pens in a semi-open house. Data were collected on Body Weight (BW), Breast Girth (BG), Body Length (BL), Wing Length (WL), Shank Length (SL) and Feed Intake (FI) to estimate Feed Efficiency (FE) and Average Daily Weight Gain (ADWG). Data were analysed using the Generalized Linear Model (GLM) procedure of SAS. Means were separated using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. Plant Breeding Tools (PBT) version 2.0. was used to derive both the General Combining Ability (GCA) and Specific Combining Ability (SCA) coefficients using diallel analysis mating design, Griffings method 1. The Gompertz, Logistic, and Bertalanffy growth models were fitted to the body weight records of birds from the plumage colour varieties and their crosses using NLIN procedure of SAS®. The results showed that there was significant difference in the body weight of the crosses. At 16 weeks of age, BrnxBlk had the highest mean value of 2453.7g for body weight followed by a mean value of 2066.46g in BlkxBlk, 1986.74g in BlkxBrn and 1939.44g in BrnxBrn. Sex-influenced differences were observed in all the traits measured, with superior values recorded for cocks. Male black PCV had the highest body weight of 2608.03g. Male brown PCV had body weight of 2551.47g while male barred PCV had the least body weight of 2515.84g. Female barred PCV had the highest body weight of 2058.20g. Female black PCV had body weight of 1991.53g while female brown PCV had the least body weight of 1929.57g. BrnxBlk had the highest body weight for male (2656.24g) and female (2251.14g). BlkxBlk male had body weight of 2196.67g and 1936.35g in female. BlkxBrn male had body weight of 2195.14g and 1778.34g in female. BrnxBrn had the least value for male (2174.50g) and female (1704.39g). At maturity, GCA for body weight in male Noiler was +5.54 for black and -5.54 for brown. GCA for body weight in female Noiler was +57.97 for black and -57.97 for brown. SCA for body weight in male Noiler chicken was 120.06 for BlkxBrn and -230.55 for BrnxBlk. SCA for body weight in female Noiler chicken was 97.21 for BlkxBrn and -236.40 for BrnxBlk. The lowest values of mean square error were obtained from the Gompertz model in both male and female Noilers. Gompertz had the least overall residual values. Bertalanffy had the highest model residual effect with Logistic model in between. The study concluded that for the male, the black plumage colour variety had the highest body weight at maturity while for the female, barred plumage colour variety had the highest body weight among the parents. Female brown plumage colour variety was the lightest which could birth further research on selection for laying. BrnxBlk had the best performance among the crosses. GCA values depict that plumage colour can be used for selection in females. SCA highlights BrnxBlk as the best combination. Based on AIC, Gompertz model was the best fit non-linear growth model for male and female Noiler chicken and their crosses.
- ItemOpen AccessGenetics analysis of multiple stress tolerant extra-early maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines under contrasting environments(Department of Crop production and protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2021) OBISESAN, Oluwafemi IsaiahThis study evaluated grain yield performance and stability of 210 extra-early maize hybrids across stress and non-stress environments; established the mode of gene action controlling the inheritance of yield and other traits under Striga infestation, drought, optimal conditions and across environments; assessed the combining abilities of the inbreds; classified the lines to heterotic groups based on their combining ability; and determined the efficiency of inbred testers and interrelationship among traits measured. These were with a view to develop and deploy improved hybrids with combined tolerance to these stresses in West and Central Africa.
- ItemOpen AccessEffects of Rural Land Markets on Intra-Household Resource Allocations among Cocoa-Based Farming Households in Osun State, Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agric, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ABIMBOLA, Esther IseoluwaThe study described the socio-economy characteristics of the farm household members; assessed the rural land market situation in Osun State, estimated the farm and non-farm income of the farm household, and the determined the influence of rural land markets on intra-household resource allocation, with a view to improving the land market situation, and ensuring effective and efficient allocation of resources among the cocoa based-farming household.
- ItemOpen AccessEFFECTS OF RURAL LAND MARKETS ON INTRA-HOUSEHOLD RESOURCE ALLOCATION AMONG COCOA-BASED FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY., 2022) ESTHER ISEOLUWA ABIMBOLAThis study described the socio-economic characteristics of the farm household members; assessed the rural land market situation in Osun State; estimated the farm and non-farm income of the farm households; and determined the influence of rural land markets on intra-household resource allocation, with a view to improving the land market situation, and ensuring effective and efficient allocation of resources among the cocoa-based farming households. Multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of respondents for this study. At the first stage, Ife-Ijesa zone was purposively selected because of the concentration of cocoa farming households in the zone. At the second stage, the Local Government Areas (LGAs) in the zone were stratified into two groups i.e. rural and urban, from the rural LGAs, 4 LGAs out of 10 were purposively selected based on the availability of tenants farming households in the LGA. From the selected LGAs, 5 villages were selected at random; within each village, farming households were stratified into landlords and tenants; 5 landlord and 5 tenant farming households were selected at random from each of the villages, making a total of 200 farming households. The primary data were collected from the respondents with the aid of a pre-tested questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, two stage least square (2SLS) and quadratic almost ideal demand systems (QUAIDS) model were used to analyse the data collected
- ItemOpen AccessA STUDY OF TECHNOLOGICAL ALLIANCE AND PERFORMANCE OF INDIGENOUS BAKERY INDUSTRY IN OSUN STATE NIGERIA(AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR SCIENCE POLICY AND INNOVATION, FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY. OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE-IFE., 2022) ABULOYE, Olorunfemi IsaacThe study examined the performance of the indigenous bakery industry in Osun State. It investigated the forms of technology alliances in the bakery industry and evaluated the impact of technology alliance on the performance of the bakery firms. This was with a view to recommending policy interventions that could raise the performance of the indigenous Bakers. The study covered indigenous bakeries in Osun State. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Primary data were collected using well-structured questionnaire. Three towns were purposively selected from the state namely: Osogbo, Ile Ife and Ilesha. A total of 120 copies of questionnaire were distributed to the respondents that were reached using the snowball technique. Forty-Eight questionnaire were distributed in Osogbo while thirty six questionnaire were distributed each in Ile Ife and Ilesha. The questionnaire elicited information on the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents, the forms of alliances in the bakery industry, as well as the benefits of engaging in alliances. Secondary data were sourced from journals, textbooks and other relevant publications. The method of data analysis used in the study involved descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. The data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, 20) software. The results showed that about 60% of the respondents reported that the present worth of their business was high, and 18.3% claimed that their estimated asset at the beginning of their business was high this shows that the bakeries were performing well. Also, 45% claimed that their sales volumes per day were very high while 49.2% claimed that their output levels per day were high. About 83% of the 120 respondents formed alliances with people of related business and most of the respondents were into alliance through their business group (48.4%) and 6% of the respondents were into alliance because it is compulsory. Meanwhile, 41.7% of the respondents had collaborations with a particular supplier of the raw materials they used in baking while the remaining had business arrangements with research institutes and sales agents. Few of the respondent (16.7%) engaged in technical alliance with people of related business. Furthermore, the result of the regression analysis showing the effect of technology alliances on performance of the bakery industry showed that about 72.4% of the variation in bakery performance can be explained by technology alliance. The study concluded that indigenous bakeries engaged in some level of technology alliances mostly with the suppliers of raw materials, and technology alliances in the industry has positively impacted the performance of the bakery firms which would help in formulating policy interventions that could raise the performance of the indigenous bakeries
- ItemOpen AccessEffect of cocoa certification programme on marketing of cocoa beans in Osun state, Nigeria.(Department Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ADESIYAN Taiwo FausiyatThe study profiled different types of marketers, examined the marketing channels involved in cocoa marketing, analysed the effect of cocoa certification programme on the marketing margins of cocoa traders, and determined the effect of cocoa certification programme on marketing efficiency of cocoa traders in Osun State. These were with a view to providing information on the effects of cocoa certification programme on marketing of cocoa beans in the study area. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed to select 240 cocoa marketers for the study. The first stage involved purposive selection of four Local Government Areas (LGAs) from Osun State. Second stage involved a random selection of six towns from each LGA. The third stage involved random selection of ten cocoa marketers from each town. Primary data were collected for the study with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics, marketing margin and efficiency analysis with fractional response model. The results showed that 28% of the Licensed Buying Agents (LBAs) were certified while 35% of the exporters were certified. About 92% of the cocoa marketers were Licensed Buying Agents (LBAs) followed by the exporter (7%) and the least were cooperatives with about 3%. The activities involved in the marketing of cocoa beans in the study area were quality testing, drying, weighing, storing and repackaging. The results showed that there were 3 different marketing channels used in the study area which are; Marketing channel 1: Farmers – LBAs – Exporters; Marketing channel 2: Farmers – Cooperatives – LBAs – Exporters; and Marketing channel 3: Farmers – Cooperatives – Exporters. The certified and uncertified marketers use the same marketing channels. The result from the fractional response model revealed that participation in cocoa certification programme, quantity of cocoa sold and access to credit had a positive significant effect on marketing margin. The results revealed that participation in cocoa certification programme, quantity sold and access to credit significantly increased the marketing efficiency of cocoa traders. The study concluded that participation in cocoa certification programme has helped to improve marketing of cocoa in the study area.
- ItemOpen AccessAcute and sub-acute toxicity studies of the ethanol extract of solanum erianthum d. Don root in wistar rats(Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., 2022) AKINYELE Patrick AdeyemiThis study determined the median lethal dose (LD50) of the ethanol extract of Solanum erianthum root (SER) in Wistar rats. It also evaluated the effects of the graded doses of SER on haematologic and biochemical indices of the rats as well as determined its effects on the histoarchitectures of the brain, liver and kidney following 28-day repeated dosing and recovery studies. This was with a view to providing scientific information on the toxicity profile of SER. Solanum erianthum root was air dried under shade, pulverized, extracted with 70% ethanol for 72 hr, and the filtrate concentrated to dryness using a rotary evaporator. The LD50 of SER was determined using Lorke’s method. The sub-acute toxicity study was conducted following the OECD 407 guideline. Wistar rats (120 – 150 g) were divided into four groups (n = 12), groups 1 to 3 were administered graded doses (250, 500 and 750 mg/kg) of the extract while animals in group 4 were administered distilled water (1 mL/kg body weight) as control for 28 days, followed by 21 days of non-dosing recovery set. Mortality and overt signs of toxicity including convulsion, hypoactivity, hyperactivity, salivation, and piloerection were observed. The rats were euthanized at the end of the study, and blood samples obtained via cardiac puncture; also, the brain, liver and kidneys were carefully harvested from each animal. The effects of the extract on haematologic and biochemical parameters (using whole blood samples and sera respectively) were assessed, histopathological examination of the organs was also performed. Data were analysed using analysis of variance followed by Newman-Keuls post hoc test and the level of significance was set at 95% confidence level. The LD50 of SER was found to be greater than 5000 mg/kg. There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) across the weight parameters (relative body weight, relativedecrease at 250 and 500 mg/kg (p = 0.0002), and at 750 mg/kg (p = 0.002) compared to control in the repeated dose toxicity study. The results of biochemical evaluations of liver and kidney injury biomarkers in the sera, as well as in kidney and liver homogenates showed varying degrees of toxic effects on the organs marked by significant Histopathological examination revealed that the extract caused dose-dependent increases in AST and ALT (liver) and; urea and creatinine (kidney).
- ItemOpen AccessAssessment of Group Dynamics Among The Beneficiaries of Fadama 111 Additional Financing in Osun State Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture. Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) OLADIMEJI, Folake Victoria.The study identified and described the group characteristics of Fadama III AF beneficiaries, analysed the communication and interaction patterns, determined the strength of group dynamics and also examined the influence of conflict on group performance among Fadama III AF beneficiaries. These were with a view to assessing Group dynamics among the beneficiaries of Fadama III additional financing. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. At the first stage, 50 percent of the participating Local Government Areas (LGAs) were purposively selected from each Agricultural zone translating to 6, 4, 3, LGAs from Osogbo, Iwo and Ife/ Ijesha zones respectively. The selection was based on the local government with higher numbers of participating production groups. At the second stage, 30 percent of the Production Groups (PGs) in each of the selected LGAs were proportionally selected, making a total of 59 PGs. At the third stage, 2 leaders and 2 members from the 59 selected PGs were randomly selected for an interview making a total of 236 respondents for the study. Quantitative data were elicited using structured interview schedule while qualitative data were collected using Focus Group Discussion Guide (FGDs). The quantitative data were analysed through the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, percentages, means and standard deviation while inferencial statistics such as chi- square, multiple linear regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to draw inferences on the hypotheses. Content analysis were used to analysed qualitative data. The results showed that 44.1 percents of the groups were formed between 2012-2014, 61.0 percent of the groups fund their group through loan or grant from the government, Majority (62.5%) of the group were for financial purposes, 64.4 percent registered between 4 and 6 years ago. Also, 54.2 percent of Fadama III AF groups were into rice production while 85.6 percent of the respondents used face-to-face meeting, and telephone calls as means of communications. About 51 percent had strong group dynamics strength, while 48.7 percent had weak dynamics strength. Year of group establishment, group economic activity in Fadama, sources of group finance, group activity before Fadama had significant association with their group dynamics at p ≤ 0.01. There was a significant association between the perceived positive influence of conflicts and their group dynamics (χ2 = 19.99 p≤ 0.01). This implies that the higher the perceived positive influence of conflicts, the stronger the group dynamics. Also there was a significant association between the perceived negative influence and their group dynamic (χ2 =10.863 p≤ 0.01). This implies that the higher the perceived negative influence of conflicts, the weaker their group dynamics. There was a significant difference in the mean scores of the strength of group dynamics among Fadama III AF beneficiaries across the selected Agricultural Development Projects zones at p≤ 0.05. The study concluded that more than half of the beneficiaries of Fadama III AF group had strong group dynamic strength.
- ItemOpen AccessFacts of farm size and distribution patterns on resource productivity and farm incomes in Kwara State, Nigeria.(Department of Agricultural Economics , Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 2023) Olumuyiwa, Fowole AshaoluThis study examined the distributional issues in resource productivity and farm incomes in Kwara State, through the economic analysis of agricultural production, conditional upon farm size. Specific objectives were to examine the existing farm size patterns and identify factors which determine the distribution of farms in the state, analyze the impacts of the existing farm size patterns on resource productivity and farm incomes, investigate the cost-size relationships for grain-crop farms under irrigated (Fadama) and rainfed agriculture, and determine the optimal farm sizes and forecast the distribution of future farms for the small, medium and large farm size groups.
- ItemEmbargoEffects of phosphorus fertilizer on cowpea(vigna unguiculata(L)Walp.) growth, nodulation, yield and colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi under screen condition.(Department Of Soil Science And Land Resources Management, Faculty Of Agriculture, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2024) OLUFADE Abimbola MayowaThe study evaluated the influence of different rates of phosphorus (P) fertilizer on nitrogen fixation by two cowpea varieties; assessed the effect of phosphorus fertilizer on yields of the cowpea varieties; and determined cowpea varietal and fertilizer effects on root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This was with the view to providing information on appropriate nutrient phosphorus management for improved cowpea production in phosphorus deficient tropical soils performance. The soil used for the study was collected from 0-15 cm depth of an ultisol, classified as Iwo series, at the Teaching and Research Farm, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Seeds of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp], var. TVX 113 and TVX 3236, were obtained from the Department of crop Production and Protection, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. Three kilogramme (3 kg) of soil was amended with P fertilizer (as single super phosphate) at the rates of 0, 20, 40, 60 kg P ha-1 as SP0, SP1, SP2 and SP3 respectively. The amended soils were poured into plastic buckets and planted with three cowpea seeds, thinned to two, 2 weeks after planting. There were two consecutive 8-week plantings of cowpea in order to assess the immediate and residual effects of the treatments on cowpea nitrogen fixation, growth and colonization by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). A second experiment was set up for two consecutive 10 weeks to determine the immediate and residual effects of the treatments on cowpea yield. At the end of each planting, agronomic and yield parameters were taken. In the first experiment, plant heights, number of leaves per plant, number of nodules per plant and dry matter yield were taken. The oven-dried plant tissues were ground and analyzed for total N, total P, tissue contents of cations (K, Ca and Mg), N2 fixed (using Ureide method) and percent AMF colonization. In the second experiment, the number of pods per plant and pod weights, number of grain and grain weights were taken. The soil in each pot after harvesting, was sub-sampled and analyzed for pH, soil organic matter, available P and exchangeable cations. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means were separated using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at 95% confidence interval. The results showed that P fertilizer significantly enhanced soil exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, Na, and K), with SP1, SP2 and SP3 performing better than the control. Increase in plant’s height, number of branches and number of leaves were obtainedwith SP2 and SP3 in the first cropping and SP1 and SP3 in the second cropping. Application of SP3 only enhanced shoot dry weight, Ca, K and Na intake. The SP2 and SP1 increased Mg uptake, while SP2 boosted N and P uptake. In the first planting of the second experiment, SP2 enhanced pod number, pod weight, while SP3 improved grain number and grain weight. However, in the second planting of the second experiment, pod number, pod weight, grain number, grain weight and percentage of root colonized by AMF compared to control were improved by application of SP1. Variety TVX 113 performed better than TVX 3236 in all the measured agronomic parameters, exchangeable cations, N and P uptake and yield. while SP1 positively influenced the root colonization by AMF. The application of 40 kg and 60 kg P ha-1 boosted most of the measured cowpea agronomic parameters, regardless of the variety, and improved yield of cowpea compared to the control (0 kg ha-1).
- ItemEmbargoDeterminants of socio-economic status of catfish value chain actors in Osun state, Nigeria(Department of Agricultural extension and rural development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 2024) Afolami, Mercy Bolatito.The study described the characteristics of actors’ enterprise, determined the perception, socio-economic status (SES) and isolated factors influencing actors' involvement in the activities along the catfish value chain in Osun State. These were with a view to assessing the actors' socio-economic status along the catfish value chain in the study area. The study was conducted in Osun State, Nigeria. Actors, who were involved in at least one stage of the catfish value chain in the study area were the targeted population for the study. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to select respondents. At the first stage, 25% of the Local Government Areas (LGAs) from each of the Osun State Agricultural Development zones were proportionately selected, translating into three out of ten LGAs in Ife/Ijesha zone, three out of thirteen LGAs in Osogbo zone and two out of seven LGAs in Iwo zone making a total of eight LGAs. At the second stage, three communities each were purposively selected from the LGAs based on the prevalence of catfish business activities making a total of 24 communities. At the last stage, based on information from the reconnaissance survey about the concentration of the actors, 16 actors (seven producers, three processors and six marketers) were selected from each community making a total of 384 respondents. A well-structured interview schedule was used to collect quantitative data while qualitative data were obtained using in-depth interview guide. Data collected were analysed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviation, ANOVA, Pearson product moment correlation and multiple regression analyses. Results showed that the mean age for producers, processors and marketers were 42.1 ±10.4, 40.4 ± 8.5 and 40.4 ± 8.7 respectively, the mean household size was 6.0 ± 5.0, 6.0 ± 2.0 and 6.0 ± 2.0 (persons) for producers, processors and marketers respectively, with majority (60.1%) been involved in catfish value chain activities as their primary occupation. More than half (50.6%, 58.3% and 50.7%) of producers, processors and marketers had their enterprise coverage outside their communities, with varying capital investment mean value of ₦ 787338.4, ₦ 166736.2 and ₦ 526,059.4 for producers, processors and marketers respectively. Majority of producers (82.7%), processors (87.5%) and marketers (79.9%) respectively had positive perceptions towards their involvement in catfish enterprises. Marketers had the highest (52.1%) socio-economic status (SES) followed by processors (47.2%), and producers had the least (23.2%). Community-related, perception, personal characteristics factors influenced the involvement of actors in catfish value chain. At p ≤ 0.05, significant association existed between socio-economic status and sex (χ2= 12. 08), indigenous status (χ2=9.36), and secondary occupation (χ2=27.71). Likewise, at p ≤ 0.05, positive and significant relationship existed between socio-economic status of respondents and perception (r = 0.129), length of residency (r = 0.14) and numbers of workers (r = 0.13). Also, significant difference existed at (F =25.60; p ≤ 0.01) among actors SES along the catfish value chain. The study concluded that the determinants for producers’ socioeconomic status were land and ponds, for processors, institutional roles and source of power, while for marketers, it was their occupation.
- ItemEmbargoAssessment of farmer-to-farmer cassava innovation dissemination in Osun state, Nigeria(Department of Agricultural extension and rural development, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 2024) Akande, Bakare Aleem.The study identified the various innovations the cassava farmers are disseminating; determined the level of involvement of the respondents in the dissemination of the innovations, examined the respondents’ perception about the innovations been disseminated and examined the communication methods adopted while disseminating the innovations among the respondents in the study area. These were with a view to assessing the farmer-to-farmer cassava innovation dissemination in Osun State, Nigeria. The study was carried out in Osun State. Population for the study were the cassava farmers that registered with Cassava Growers Association of Nigeria, Osun State Chapter. The State is divided into three agricultural zones, namely, Iwo, Ife-Ijesha and Osogbo. Iwo zone has seven Local Government Areas (LGAs); Ife-Ijesha has 10 LGAs; while Osogbo has 13 LGAs. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. At the first stage, based on the preponderance of cassava farmers, there was a purposive selection of one LGA from Iwo zone namely Iwo, two LGAs from Ife-Ijesa zone namely Ife North and Ilesa West and two LGAs from Osogbo zone namely Odo-Otin and Orolu making a total of five LGAs selected. At the second stage, the following rural communities were selected three from Ife north LGAs, three from Ilesha west LGAs, five from Iwo LGAs, three from Odo – Otin LGAs and three from Orolu making LGAs making a total of seventeen rural communities, simple random sampling was used to select 50 percent of the registered cassava farmers across the selected LGAs translating to 100 from Iwo, 48 from Ife-North, 44 from Ilesa West, 18 from Odo-Otin LGAs and 109 from Orolu LGAs. In all, 319 respondents were selected for the study in the last stage. Results showed that: the mean age, household size, years of formal education and annual income were (48±10years , 7±3 members, was12±5 #473,981.19±#201,310.72) respectively Majority identified getting cassava stems from recommended source, use neem extracts as bio control of pest, high yielding varieties, use healthy planting materials and planting cassava at the right density (73.7%, 67.1%, 77.1%, 67.7%) respectively as innovation disseminated. About 71 percent indicated a moderate level of involvement in innovation disseminated. More than half (50.2%) indicated positive level of perception about the innovation being disseminated. Meetings, (x̄ = 2.67), farm visit (x̄ = 2.55), group and discussion (x̄ = 1.51) were the methods of communication that were highly used to disseminate the innovations. Furthermore, results show that there was significant relationship between age (r = -0.464), household size (r = 0.162), estimated annual income (r = 0.23). There was a positive and significant relationship between perception (r = 0.31), methods of communication (r = 0.219) and involvement in innovation dissemination at (p ≤ 0.05). The study concluded that meetings and face-to-face methods of innovation dissemination were effective and the respondents were moderately involved in disseminating the cassava innovation in the study area.