Master of Science (M.Sc.) Theses and Dissertations

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Open Access
Petrophysical evaluation of two reservoir sands in five wells in the western part of the Niger Delta.
(Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1996) Abegunrin Omotola Omolade
The petrophysical characteristics of two reservoir sands in five wells drilled in western part of the Niger Delta were studied using borehole geophysical (open hole) logs.
Open Access
Coception of a good old age among Literate Adults in Osun State, Nigeria.
(Dept of psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2015) Abadahunsi,R.O.
This study examined the conception of a good old age among various groups of adults and described the influence of gender, age, marital status, religion educational level on the conception of a good old age in Osun State. This was with a view to define and determine factors that influence the definition of successful aging among literate adults in Nigeria.
Open Access
Corporate governance , cash holdings and firm value of qouted Non-financial firms in Nigeria.
(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2015) Abanikanda, Ezekiel Olamide
The study examines the patterns of cash holdings and firm value of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria over the period of 2008 to 2013. It also examines the effect of Corporate governance and cash holdings on form value of quoted non financial firms in Nigeria.
Open Access
Influence of Micro financing on the performance of Micro enterprises in Osun State
(department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2015) Adelowo, Abass Gabriel
The study appraised the Institutional arrangement for micro financing in Osun State and assessed the extent to which Micro financing meets the credit needs of micro enterprises in State. It indentified the factors that influenced micro entrepreneur s access to microfinance .
Open Access
Multilevel detaminants of violence against children in Nigeria
(Department of demography and social statistic, Faculty of Social science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2021) AJAYI, Olamide Mercy
This study assessed the age and gender differentials in the prevalence of sexual, emotional and physical violence against children; it also identified the household and community factors influencing violence against children and; also examined the interaction effect of household and community on violence against children. This was done to provide more evidences on the determinants of violence against children so as to alleviate/end all forms of violence against children in Nigeria. This study employed secondary data extracted from the Nigeria Violence Against Children Survey (VACS) 2014, a national, cross-sectional household survey of females and males aged 13-24years. Information obtained for this study included individual characteristics, household and community characteristics. Also in this study, respondent aged 13-17years were asked experience of violence within one year prior to the survey while respondents aged 18-24years were asked experience of violence before age 18years. A total of 4,203 respondents were interviewed. Data analysis was at univariate, bivariate and multivariate. At univariate level, frequency distribution and percentage were presented. At bivariate level, Chi square test of independence was used. At multivariate, binary logistic regression model was used. The result showed that the mean age of the respondents was 18.7years. The result showed that 48.01% of children had ever experienced some form of physical, sexual and emotional violence with physical violence as the most reported form violence (52.53%). The result showed that the prevalence of violence against children ranges from 49.2% males and 49.4% females among respondents aged 13-17years to 46.9% males and 47.7% females had experienced violence before age 18. The study identified sex of household head and household wealth as household factors significantly associated with violence against children (χ2=4.61, p<0.05) and (χ2=5.15, p<0.05). Ethnicity and neighbourhood safety are community factors significantly associated with violence against children (χ2= 41.51, p<0.05) and (χ2= 11.65, p<0.05). The interaction effect of sex of household head and neighbourhood safety showed that children who live in female headed household and reported to feel unsafe in the neighbourhood are 66% more likely to experience violence (OR=1.66, p<0.05) than children who live in male headed household and reported somewhat safe in the neighbourhood (OR=1.17, p<0.05). The interaction effect of household wealth and ethnicity showed that children from low wealth status and reported Yoruba ethnic group are 94% more like to experienced violence (OR=1.94, p<0.05) than children from moderate wealth status (OR=1.60, p<0.05). The interaction effect of street habitation and neighbourhood safety showed that children who reported to ever lived on the street and somewhat safe in the neighbourhood are 23% more likely to experienced violence (OR=1.23. p<0.05) than children who reported to never lived on the street and very safe in the neighbourhood (OR=1.06, p>0.05). This study concludes that violence against children is high in Nigeria. Sex of household head, household wealth, ethnicity and neighbourhood safety were significantly associated with violence against children in Nigeria. Efforts should be made at protecting children at household and community level to reduce and end all forms of violence against children in Nigeria.
Open Access
Gender Norms, Resiliency and sexual practices of street involved Young person in southwestern Nigeria
(Department of demography, Faculty of Social sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, 2021) OLUREMI Boboye Isreal
This study examined the influence of gendered norms and resiliency on sexual practices among street-involved young persons in Southwestern Nigeria. It assessed the existing gendered norms, examined the effect of resiliency strategies on sexual practices, and ascertained the effect of gendered norms and social correlates on sexual practices. Lastly, it determined the joint effect of these factors on sexual practices among street-involved young persons. This were with a view to provide information to young persons on issues revolving around reproductive health and sexual practices. This study adopted a descriptive survey research design and employed a secondary data that assessed the Sexual and reproductive health needs of street-involved young people. The indicators for the study include: sexual and reproductive health, gendered norms, resiliency, quality of life. Also, the standard for those selected, using a non-probability purposive sampling technique were street-involved young persons between ages 15–24 years who were exposed to risky sexual practices. This population were selected using the Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) module and the sample size was 204 respondents. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics at three levels i.e. univariate, bivariate and multivariate, following each of the specified objectives. Frequency tabulation and chart were employed at the univariate level, the unadjusted Chi-square test of independence was used at the bivariate level and the multivariate level applied the binary logistic regression model. The result showed that in spite of the high rate of risky sexual practices at 80%, majority of the SIYPs had good gendered norms (92%) and majority had high resilience (52%). Furthermore, there was a major influence of gendered norms on sexual practice (ꭓ2=7.9466; p=0.005) and also showed that education, religion and current work status were good predictors of sexual practices of SIYPs. Respondents with bad gendered norms had higher risk of engaging in risky sexual practices that those with good norms (OR=4.29, p<0.05; CI=1.45 – 12.68). Also respondents that were working had lower odds of engaging in risky sexual practices (OR=0.21, p<0.05; CI=0.07 – 0.58), and respondents with single parent had high risk of engaging in risky practices (OR=3.62; p>0.05; CI= 0.41 – 31.92) than those with both parent (OR=0.76; p>0.05; CI= 0.27 – 2.16), with no significant influence. This study concluded that most street children were involved in risky sexual practices and some of these were caused by their negative influence to societal norms based on their freelance lifestyle.
Open Access
Correlates of the uptake of long acting reversible contraceptives (larcs) in Ogun state, Nigeria
(Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife., 2021) Alfred, Olakunle Olusegun.
This study investigated the level of uptake of Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs) and examined the pattern of uptake of LARCs among women of reproductive age in Akute Agbado area of Ogun State by considering the socio-demographic and cultural characteristics as well as attitudes of respondents in line with their contraceptive choices. It also identified the factors influencing the uptake of LARCs among women of reproductive age in the study area. These were done with a view to obtaining a contemporary evidence base in understanding the motivation and barriers to LARC uptake, thereby informing the development of strategies that will increase LARC uptake, leading to overall reduction in unintended pregnancies and an improved Contraceptive Prevalence Rate (CPR) in Ogun State. This was a cross-sectional research design, using the multi-stage sampling method and based on the clustered administration of structured questionnaires to 400 randomly selected women of reproductive age, information on respondents’ demographic characteristics, knowledge of Family Planning (FP) type, service delivery factors were gotten from the use of this tool. Ten In-depth interviews were also conducted with health providers in the study area communities and state level. Descriptive statistics (frequency tables), correlation, logistic regression, model diagnosis and the processing of transcribed recordings were deployed for data analysis. The results showed a high usage of modern contraceptive (69%) in the study area compared to the state and national level at 16.6% and 12% respectively, with 41% of respondents using LARCs. The uptake of LARCs varied across demographic and socio-economic characteristics, service delivery factors such as waiting times and attitude of providers stimulated the distribution of uptake across respondents. Among all factors considered in the uptake of IUCD, the significant and the influencing factors were the number of children the women had with (O.R.:0.027; p<0.05) and (O.R:0.01;p<0.05) for the purity of 1 to 3 children and 3 to 6 children respectively. Furthermore, the factors influencing the uptake of implants are contacts with family planning workers and distance to source of family planning with (O.R:13 29; p<0.05) and (O.R: 6.9; p<0.05) respectively. Many healthcare providers identified complaints about side effects the miseducation of prospective clients through myths and misconceptions and high workload as major reasons many clients refuse to take up methods. This research concluded that LARC uptake is relatively high among women in the study area
Open Access
Energy consumption and sectoral output performance in Nigeria (1981-2019)
(Department of economics, Faculty of social sciences, Obafemi Awolow University., 2022) ADEYEMI Owolabi Williams
The study examined a trend analysis of energy consumption and sectoral outputs in Nigeria,identified the direction of causality between energy consumption and sectoral outputs in Nigeria within the period of 1981-2019, and also determined the effect of energy consumption on sectoral outputs. These were with a view to examining the relationship between energy consumption and sectoral output performance in Nigeria.The descriptive research design, and annual secondary data for the period of 1981-2019 were employed in the study. Data on real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), energy consumption, labour force, exchange rate and agricultural, crude petroleum & mining, manufacturing, construction, and trade & services outputs for the study period were sourced from World Development Indicators (WDIs, 2021) published by the World Bank, and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. The study used descriptive statistics in form of tables and graphs, while the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) error correction mechanism model was adopted for the short run effect analysis, and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) with allowance for structural breaks was adopted for long run effect analysis. The results, in relation to the trend analysis, revealed that the trend of sectoral energy consumption demonstrated a divergent pattern from those of the key sectors of the economy. Specifically, turbulent trend patterns were observed for the energy consumption by each sector, which signified different energy availability and consumption patterns for the sectors, whose outputs showed a somewhat slow but progressive growth. On the issue of causality, the study established a unidirectional causality running from agricultural output to energy consumption (χ2= 11.1569, p < 0.001). Similar finding was established between trade and services output and energy consumption (χ2 = 8.8806, p < 0.001). However, a bidirectional causation was established between energy consumption (χ2 = 31.7560, p < 0.05) and manufacturing output (χ2 = 4.1180, p < 0.0424). The study further established no causality between energy consumption and both crude petroleum & mining, and construction output. On the effect of energy consumption on the disaggregated sectors of the economy, the study established that the agricultural sector experienced positive and significant effect of energy consumption (t = 3.3874, p < 0.01). However, a study further established that energy consumption has significantly negative effect on the construction sector output (t = -2.13, p < 0.05), while it also revealed that energy consumption has positive but insignificant effect on the trade & services sector. In the long run, however, the study reveals that energy consumption has both positive and significant effect on agricultural output (t = 5.49, p < 0.01), manufacturing output (t = 10.03, p < 1), construction output (t = 2.79, p < 0.01), and trade & services output (t = 18.82, p < 0.01). The study concluded that though there is positive relationship between energy consumption and sectoral performance in Nigeria, the contribution of the sectors to Nigeria’s economic growth is low, which is due to inadequate energy consumption.
Open Access
ANALYSIS OF LANDUSE/COVER CHANGE IN OMOTOSHO FOREST RESERVE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA
(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY., 2022) SUNDAY SEFUNMI ADEFUNRIN
This study identified land use/cover in Omotosho Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, and analysed changing pattern of land use/cover in the forest reserve. It also measured the extent of forest loss to different land uses, and examined the drivers of land use change in the forest reserve. These are with the view to determining the extent of forest degradation in the forest reserve. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and used primary and secondary datasets. The primary data included the coordinates of selected features (settlements, rivers and rocks) in the forest reserve, and these were obtained using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS). They also included the responses of 36 Key Informants (six purposively selected adults (aged > 30 years) persons from six settlements around forest reserve). The secondary data were Landsat ETM+ 2000, Landsat OLI 2010, Sentinel 2015 and Sentinel 2020 satellite images of the study area. The satellite imageries were first processed and georeferenced using the coordinate values of the selected features, before they were analysed using remote sensing and Geographical Information Science procedures in ArcGIS (10.4 version). Derived values from the analysis were analysed using frequency and percentage distribution techniques. Responses of the key informants were analysed using content analysis. The results showed that the identified dominant land use/cover in the study area were dense forest (29,727 ha), shrubs (14,348 ha), farmland (13,462 ha), settlements (8,252 ha), open spaces (3,014 ha) and water bodies (699 ha). Results also showed that while farmland increased in area cover between the period of study (from 9,247 ha – 13,462 ha), areas covered by settlements also increased (from 4,718 ha – 8,252 ha), open spaces increased in area covered from (984 ha – 3,014 ha) and scrubs increased from 10,108 ha – 14,348 ha), amount of
Open Access
Exchange rate dynamics, trade openness and indusstrial productivity in Nigeria (1986-2019)
(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) FAGBOYO, Rachel Jolayemi
The study analysed the trends of exchange rate and industrial productivity in Nigeria (1986 - 2019). It also determined the dynamic interaction among exchange rate, trade openness and industrial productivity in Nigeria within the period. It also investigated the effects of exchange rate dynamics and trade openness impacts on industrial productivity in Nigeria in the study period. These were with a view to examine the relationship among exchange rate dynamics, trade openness and industrial productivity. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and annual secondary data between 1986 and 2019 were employed. Data on industrial productivity, exchange rate dynamics, trade openness, inflation rate, exchange rate, private sector credit, interest rate and real gross domestic product (GDP) were obtained from the annual publications of Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2019 edition and World Bank Development Indicators, 2019. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics Vector Autoregressive and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square Methods. The results showed that exchange rate is highly unstable in the system and industrial productivity witnessed a rise and a fall throughout the period under study. In addition, the results on the effect of exchange rate dynamics and trade openness on industrial productivity revealed a negative effect of exchange rate dynamics on industrial productivity in the long run (t = 2.34; p < 0.05). This implies that exchange rate dynamics exert a negative influence on industrial productivity and trade openness increases industrial productivity. Lastly, the results showed that private sector credit and real gross domestic have positive impact on industrial productivity in Nigeria (t = 15.39; p < 0.05) (t = 17.47; p< 0.05). xiii The study concluded that there was a positive relationship between trade openness and industrial productivity, and a negative relationship between exchange rate dynamics and industrial productivity in Nigeria.
Open Access
Analysis Of Landuse/Cover Change In Omotosho Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria.
(Department of Geography, Faculty of Social Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) ADEFUNRIN Sunday Sefunmi
This study identified land use/cover in Omotosho Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, and analysed changing pattern of land use/cover in the forest reserve. It also measured the extent of forest loss to different land uses, and examined the drivers of land use change in the forest reserve. These are with the view to determining the extent of forest degradation in the forest xvreserve. Ethanolic extracts of A. melegueta seed (AMS), husk and whole fruit were assessed for antiinflammatory activity using egg-albumin induced rat paw oedema model; AMS, which was the most active, was further evaluated for topical anti-inflammatory effects and the phytochemical screening was carried out. Two types of ointment bases were produced: one contained different proportions of shea butter and palm kernel oil while the other contained carbomer gel mixed with shea butter and palm kernel in different proportions. The most suitable bases were selected and used in formulation of AMS at 2.5, 5.0 and 10% concentrations. The anti-haemorrhoidal activity of the formulations was evaluated using the croton-oil induced rat haemorroidal model. Twelve groups (n = 5) of rats were used: groups 1 and 2 served as haemorrhoid-induced control (untreated) and normal control respectively, groups 3- 10 received the AMS formulations (D1-D8), and groups 11 and 12 were treated with AMS and standard drug (Anusol-HCR ointment), respectively. The anti-haemorrhoidal potential of the formulation was evaluated using the level of IL-6, Evans blue dye (EBD) extravasation, rectoanal coefficient (RAC) and the histopathology. The preparations were screened microbiologically and were assessed for stability on storage at room temperature for 3 months. The results of phytochemical screening of AMS revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, coumarins and cardiac glycosides. AMS formulations significantly reduced the inflammatory IL-6, RAC and increased extravasation of EBD when compared with untreated group {IL-6 (3.616 ± 0.168), RAC (2.594 ± 0.288), EBD concentration (3.909 ± 0.245)}. The activity was similar to that of the standard drug {IL-6 (2.024 ± 0.362), RAC (1.566 ± 0.115), EBD concentration (1.654 ± 0.134)}. Formulation sample D2 {IL-6 (1.452 ± 0.075), RAC (1.525 ± 0.050), EBD concentration (1.499 ± 0.0329)} which contained 5 % AMS extract was selected. The formulations (D1-D6) inhibited the growth of the tested bacteria with activity more pronounced in D3, D6 and D2. Sample D2 had a mean spread diameter of 29.33 mm with pH of 5.6. The ointment remained stable on storage for 3 months, however, insignificant decrease in mean spread diameter was observed after 1 month (28.00 ± 0.58) and 3 months (27.33 ± 0.03). The study concluded that the AMS ointment formulated was effective in the management of haemorrhoids, with additional antimicrobial activity.
Open Access
Gender disparity in depression among youths living with hiv attending state specialist hospital Asubiaro Osogbo, Osun state, Nigeria.
(Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Social science. Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) JACOB, Peter Olorunfemi
The study ascertained the prevalence of depression among youths living with HIV; investigated socio-economic factors associated with depression among youths living with HIV; examined depression manifestations among male and female youths living with HIV; and assessed available support system within the health facility for youths living with HIV that have depression. These were with a view to ascertained the gender differences in the prevalence, factors and manifestation of depression among youths living with HIV in the study area.This study adopted a descriptive research design and it is facility based. The study made use of primary data. The study population comprises 171 youths living with HIV and attending State Specialist Hospital Asubiaro Osogbo, Osun State. The study made use of Purposive sampling technique. Using Yemane’s formula, a sample size of 120 youths living with HIV were used in the study. The study was conducted at the Hope Clinic State Specialist Hospital Asubiaro Osogbo, Osun State. A structured questionnaire with closed ended questions was administered and in-depth interview session was conducted in order to get data for the study. Quantitative data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts, tables and charts while the qualitative data were analysed using content analysis and narratives.Results revealed that the prevalence of depression among male and female youths living with HIV were 59.0% and 59.5% respectively. Also, the results showed that the major factors that were associated with depression among female youths living with HIV are inability to afford medications (52.6%), low economic status (51.3%) and lack of social support (43.6%). While, inability to afford medications (57.1%), low economic status 54.7% and problem of getting a spouse (40.5%) were the major factors associated with depression among male youths living with HIV. The result further showed that attempting suicide (50.0%) and fixation on past failures or self-blame (55.1%) were ways female youths living with HIV manifest depression. while the manifestation of depression among male youths living with HIV occurred through loss of pleasure in most activities i.e., sex, hobbies or sports (64.3%) and attempting suicide (57.2%). Finally, the study revealed that there are no specific support systems available within the facility to youths living with HIV who are diagnosed with depression.The study concluded that there is no gender difference in the prevalence of depression among youths living with HIV; and there exist a similarity in the manifestation and factors associated with depression among youths living with HIV in the study area.
Open Access
Prevalence and determinants of unmet need for contraception among young women in southwestern Nigeria
(Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) JAMES, Favour Osinachi
This study assessed the prevalence of unmet need for contraception among young women, examined the relationship between socio-demographic factors and unmet need for contraception, investigated the determinants of unmet need for contraception, and explored other socio-cultural factors underlying unmet need for contraception among young women in Southwestern, Nigeria. These were conducted with a view to understanding the causes as well as other socio-cultural factors underlying unmet need for contraception among young women in the research area. The study concluded that fear of side effect, finance, misinformation about contraception and fear of death were the underlying factors of unmet need for contraception among young women in Southwest Nigeria.
Open Access
The contribution of Benue State House of Assembly in the promotion of good governance [1999-2021]
(Department of political science, Faculty of social sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) ADOGA, Agbo
The study ascertained the level of relationship that exists between the representative and the people they represent, identified the way by which Benue State House of Assembly equitably distribute public goods to its citizens, and examined the challenges faced by the Benue State House of Assembly (BSHA) in ensuring that good governance for the people of the state is attained or actualized. These were with a view to determining if the Benue State House of Assembly had lived up to its constitutional responsibility and the expectations of the people and able to promote good governance in the state. The study concluded Benue State House of Assembly (BSHA) have failed to live up to the expectations and responsibilities due to corruptions and political patronage, which limit their ability to promote good governance in the state.
Open Access
A comparative analysis of health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth in selected Sub-Saharan African Countries (2000 - 2020)
(Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) Nmormah, Abaloku Sylvester
This study examined the trend of public and private health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth and appraised the health financing strategy of Nigeria, Ethiopia, DR Congo and South Africa. It also evaluated the effect of public and private health expenditure on health outcome and investigated the dynamic relationship among health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth in the study countries. This is with a view to determining the interrelationship among public and private health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth.
Open Access
Differential in pregnancy planning status among adolescents in Nigeria.
(Department of Demography and Social Statistics , Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Yusuf, Ikuteyijo Olatunji
The study examined the regional differentials in pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to examine the pregnancy planning status among adolescents in Nigeria, compared the socio-demographic factors influencing pregnancy planning status, and examine the influence of exposure to family planning information on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria. These were with a view to examining the similarities and differences factors that influences pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The data for the study was obtained from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The study was based on a sample of 1,531 adolescents extracted from the NDHS data, who were either pregnant or already had a child. Nigeria was classified into six regions of North Central, North East, North West, South East, South South and South West was reclassified into two, namely: North (North Central, North East and North West) and South (South East, South South and South West). Data on the background characteristics of the respondents, information on family planning, women autonomy and pregnancy decision were extracted from individual recode dataset from the survey. The extracted quantitative data was analysed using frequency and percentage for the descriptive analysis and chi-square was used for the bivariate analysis while binary logistic regression was used for the multi-variant analysis. The result revealed that majority (93.5%) of adolescents’ pregnancy in the North were planned while only 41.2% of the adolescents’ pregnancy in the South were planned. It wasfound that marital status, religion and place of residence were significantly related to pregnancy planning status among adolescent in both North and South region, whereas socio-demographic factors like level of education, wealth index and parity had statistical significant relationship on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the North. The study further found that age as first birth influenced pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the South while husband/partner level of education and adolescents’ participation on healthcare decision had statistical significant influence on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the North. The study found that adolescents in both North and South had a low level of exposure to family planning information. The study therefore concluded that pregnancy planning status among adolescents varied greatly by regional demographic and socio-demographic characteristics, therefore, in Intervention or policies on adolescents’ pregnancy should be regional specific.
Open Access
Assessing the Flood Risks Associated with Sea Level Rise and Intense Rainfall in the Coastal City of Lagos State, Nigeria
(Department of Geography, Faculty of Social sciences ,Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) SALAMI, Moses Adelakun
This study examined variability and trends in the magnitude-frequency of intense rainfall between the years 2000 and 2021 in the coastal area of Lagos; investigated variability and trend in the sea level of the Gulf of Guinea part of the Atlantic Ocean bordering the study area; investigated the relationship between sea level rise and magnitude-frequency of rainfall and flooding in the area; and assessed the flood risks associated with the sea level rise and magnitude-frequency of intense rainfall in the study area. These were with a view to determining the flood risks associated with rising sea levels and increasing frequency and magnitude of intense rainfall in the study area.
Open Access
Role of e-commerce in employment creation for married women in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.
(Centre for Gender and Social Policy Studies.Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Akanji, Kafayat Adenike.
The study investigated the experiences of unemployed married women in Alimosho Local Government Area, examined the knowledge, perceptions and attitude of married women towards the adoption of e-commerce, assessed the roles of e-commerce in employment creation for married women and identified the challenges confronting married women in the use of e-commerce in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. These were with a view to providing alternate employment opportunities for unemployed married women in the study area. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study. The study also adopted a non probability sampling technique using purposive sampling. Both quantitative and qualitative data were gathered through the administration of questionnaires for the quantitative data and in-depth interview (IDIs) and focus group discussion (FGDs) guides for the qualitative data. The study was conducted for married women between the ages of 22 and 45, who lived in the study area. In all, 220 copies of questionnaires were administered randomly to selected married women who are mobile phone users, unemployed, self-employed, under-employed and those that have never worked but run businesses online. 202 copies from all the questionnaires were retrieved from the field. Altogether, 14 In-depth Interviews and 2 Focus Group Discussions (between 7 and 12 participants in each group) were conducted. While the qualitative data were analysed using content and thematic analysis, the quantitative data were analysed using univariate methods. The results of the study showed that being unemployed is accompanied with rejection and insults from families, friends, and neighbours as well as discrimination in the job market. Data on the knowledge of ecommerce reviewed that over 99 percent of respondents have some understanding of e-commerce, but 40.6 percent of them are not utilising the opportunities that e-commerce presents in terms of job generation. Inferences on the data on the role of ecommerce in employment creation shows that ecommerce already provide employment for 59.41 percent of the respondent and are currently earning a mean monthly salary of ₦174,385, which is five times more than the average Nigerian minimum wage of ₦30,000. Finally, results shows that the respondents' major problems were excessive service fees from e-commerce platforms, high exchange rate and customer returns of purchased items. The study concluded that e-commerce play significant role in employment creation for women in the study area
Open Access
Stabilisation Policy and Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria (1981-2020)
(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Adelere, Aanuoluwa Victor.
The study appraised fiscal policy, monetary policy and trade policy in Nigeria from 1981 - 2020, examined the role of trade policy on the relationship between stabilisation policy and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria and investigated the effect of external shock on macroeconomic performance in Nigeria. These were done with a view to determining the effect of trade policy on macroeconomic stability. Annual secondary data on gross domestic product, inflation, exchange rate, interest rate, government expenditure, trade globalisation, terms of trade, oil price were sourced from the database of World Bank, Central Bank of Nigeria, Swiss Economic Institute and Energy Information Administration for the period under study (1980-2020). Data were analysed with Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Regression Models. The regression outcome revealed that fiscal policy, monetary policy and trade policy had not been effective in stabilising the Nigerian economy as there was a wide margin between the actual results and the desired outcomes of price stability, reduced unemployment and diversification of the Nigerian economy. Also, the results showed that trade policy played a adverse role in the interaction between stabilisation policies and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria (t = -8.6028; p < 0.05). Lastly, the results showed that external shocks account for significant fluctuations in the macroeconomic performance of Nigeria as there was a wide deviation of macroeconomic performance indicators from the stability threshold (0) as revealed by the impulse response graph. The study concluded that trade policy had a negative and significant effect on the relationship between stabilisation policy and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria.
Open Access
Fiscal dominance and economic performance in Nigeria (1980-2020)
(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Idowu, Ajayi olanike
The study examined the nature and extent of fiscal and monetary policy dominance in Nigeria as well as the degree of fiscal dominance or monetary effectiveness in Nigeria. The study also examined the sustainable level of fiscal deficit with respect to the economic performance in Nigeria within the period of 1980-2020. These are with a view to examining the relationship between fiscal dominance and economic performance in Nigeria. Annual time series secondary data for the period of 1980-2020 were employed in the study. Data on fiscal deficit, public debt, government expenditure, money supply, interest rate, and real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the study period were obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN, 2020), and the World Development Indicators (WDIs, 2020) sourced from the World Bank. The study used descriptive statistics in form of tables, charts and graphs for the trend analysis. The study also adopted Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) for long run analysis, while threshold regression was also conducted for the measurement of sustainable level of fiscal deficit in Nigeria. It was established in the study that government expenditure and outstanding debt have significant positive relationship with money supply. Specifically, N1 billion increase in public debt is expected to increase money supply by N1.2 billion (t = 8.2446, p < 0.01). Similarly, N1 billion increase in government spending will cause money supply to increase by N1.36 billion (t = 4.2850, p < 0.01). Conversely, interest rate exhibited negative effect on money supply, such that one percent increase in interest rate will bring money supply down by 150 percent (t = -2.0113, p < 0.05). The study also revealed the sustainable level of fiscal deficit in relation to economic performance in Nigeria. Specifically, the results showed that when fiscal deficit is lower than N34.4072 billion, it will decrease economic output by N34.7001 billion. (t = 3.21, p < 0.01) and that when fiscal deficit is higher than N34.4072 billion and lower than N1,923.637 billion, it will not only have a positive impact on economic performance but it will also increase economic output by N4.0023 billion (t = 3.69, p < 0.01). The study concluded that, though there is co-movement between fiscal and monetary authority variables, there is no fiscal dominance in Nigeria.

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