Master of Science (M.Sc.) Theses and Dissertations
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- ItemOpen AccessPetrophysical evaluation of two reservoir sands in five wells in the western part of the Niger Delta.(Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi Awolowo University, 1996) Abegunrin Omotola OmoladeThe petrophysical characteristics of two reservoir sands in five wells drilled in western part of the Niger Delta were studied using borehole geophysical (open hole) logs.
- ItemOpen AccessCoception of a good old age among Literate Adults in Osun State, Nigeria.(Dept of psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2015) Abadahunsi,R.O.This study examined the conception of a good old age among various groups of adults and described the influence of gender, age, marital status, religion educational level on the conception of a good old age in Osun State. This was with a view to define and determine factors that influence the definition of successful aging among literate adults in Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessCorporate governance , cash holdings and firm value of qouted Non-financial firms in Nigeria.(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2015) Abanikanda, Ezekiel OlamideThe study examines the patterns of cash holdings and firm value of quoted non-financial firms in Nigeria over the period of 2008 to 2013. It also examines the effect of Corporate governance and cash holdings on form value of quoted non financial firms in Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessInfluence of Micro financing on the performance of Micro enterprises in Osun State(department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2015) Adelowo, Abass GabrielThe study appraised the Institutional arrangement for micro financing in Osun State and assessed the extent to which Micro financing meets the credit needs of micro enterprises in State. It indentified the factors that influenced micro entrepreneur s access to microfinance .
- ItemOpen AccessMultilevel detaminants of violence against children in Nigeria(Department of demography and social statistic, Faculty of Social science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2021) AJAYI, Olamide MercyThis study assessed the age and gender differentials in the prevalence of sexual, emotional and physical violence against children; it also identified the household and community factors influencing violence against children and; also examined the interaction effect of household and community on violence against children. This was done to provide more evidences on the determinants of violence against children so as to alleviate/end all forms of violence against children in Nigeria. This study employed secondary data extracted from the Nigeria Violence Against Children Survey (VACS) 2014, a national, cross-sectional household survey of females and males aged 13-24years. Information obtained for this study included individual characteristics, household and community characteristics. Also in this study, respondent aged 13-17years were asked experience of violence within one year prior to the survey while respondents aged 18-24years were asked experience of violence before age 18years. A total of 4,203 respondents were interviewed. Data analysis was at univariate, bivariate and multivariate. At univariate level, frequency distribution and percentage were presented. At bivariate level, Chi square test of independence was used. At multivariate, binary logistic regression model was used. The result showed that the mean age of the respondents was 18.7years. The result showed that 48.01% of children had ever experienced some form of physical, sexual and emotional violence with physical violence as the most reported form violence (52.53%). The result showed that the prevalence of violence against children ranges from 49.2% males and 49.4% females among respondents aged 13-17years to 46.9% males and 47.7% females had experienced violence before age 18. The study identified sex of household head and household wealth as household factors significantly associated with violence against children (χ2=4.61, p<0.05) and (χ2=5.15, p<0.05). Ethnicity and neighbourhood safety are community factors significantly associated with violence against children (χ2= 41.51, p<0.05) and (χ2= 11.65, p<0.05). The interaction effect of sex of household head and neighbourhood safety showed that children who live in female headed household and reported to feel unsafe in the neighbourhood are 66% more likely to experience violence (OR=1.66, p<0.05) than children who live in male headed household and reported somewhat safe in the neighbourhood (OR=1.17, p<0.05). The interaction effect of household wealth and ethnicity showed that children from low wealth status and reported Yoruba ethnic group are 94% more like to experienced violence (OR=1.94, p<0.05) than children from moderate wealth status (OR=1.60, p<0.05). The interaction effect of street habitation and neighbourhood safety showed that children who reported to ever lived on the street and somewhat safe in the neighbourhood are 23% more likely to experienced violence (OR=1.23. p<0.05) than children who reported to never lived on the street and very safe in the neighbourhood (OR=1.06, p>0.05). This study concludes that violence against children is high in Nigeria. Sex of household head, household wealth, ethnicity and neighbourhood safety were significantly associated with violence against children in Nigeria. Efforts should be made at protecting children at household and community level to reduce and end all forms of violence against children in Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessEnergy consumption and sectoral output performance in Nigeria (1981-2019)(Department of economics, Faculty of social sciences, Obafemi Awolow University., 2022) ADEYEMI Owolabi WilliamsThe study examined a trend analysis of energy consumption and sectoral outputs in Nigeria,identified the direction of causality between energy consumption and sectoral outputs in Nigeria within the period of 1981-2019, and also determined the effect of energy consumption on sectoral outputs. These were with a view to examining the relationship between energy consumption and sectoral output performance in Nigeria.The descriptive research design, and annual secondary data for the period of 1981-2019 were employed in the study. Data on real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), energy consumption, labour force, exchange rate and agricultural, crude petroleum & mining, manufacturing, construction, and trade & services outputs for the study period were sourced from World Development Indicators (WDIs, 2021) published by the World Bank, and Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Statistical Bulletin. The study used descriptive statistics in form of tables and graphs, while the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) error correction mechanism model was adopted for the short run effect analysis, and the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) with allowance for structural breaks was adopted for long run effect analysis. The results, in relation to the trend analysis, revealed that the trend of sectoral energy consumption demonstrated a divergent pattern from those of the key sectors of the economy. Specifically, turbulent trend patterns were observed for the energy consumption by each sector, which signified different energy availability and consumption patterns for the sectors, whose outputs showed a somewhat slow but progressive growth. On the issue of causality, the study established a unidirectional causality running from agricultural output to energy consumption (χ2= 11.1569, p < 0.001). Similar finding was established between trade and services output and energy consumption (χ2 = 8.8806, p < 0.001). However, a bidirectional causation was established between energy consumption (χ2 = 31.7560, p < 0.05) and manufacturing output (χ2 = 4.1180, p < 0.0424). The study further established no causality between energy consumption and both crude petroleum & mining, and construction output. On the effect of energy consumption on the disaggregated sectors of the economy, the study established that the agricultural sector experienced positive and significant effect of energy consumption (t = 3.3874, p < 0.01). However, a study further established that energy consumption has significantly negative effect on the construction sector output (t = -2.13, p < 0.05), while it also revealed that energy consumption has positive but insignificant effect on the trade & services sector. In the long run, however, the study reveals that energy consumption has both positive and significant effect on agricultural output (t = 5.49, p < 0.01), manufacturing output (t = 10.03, p < 1), construction output (t = 2.79, p < 0.01), and trade & services output (t = 18.82, p < 0.01). The study concluded that though there is positive relationship between energy consumption and sectoral performance in Nigeria, the contribution of the sectors to Nigeria’s economic growth is low, which is due to inadequate energy consumption.
- ItemOpen AccessANALYSIS OF LANDUSE/COVER CHANGE IN OMOTOSHO FOREST RESERVE, ONDO STATE, NIGERIA(DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY, FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY., 2022) SUNDAY SEFUNMI ADEFUNRINThis study identified land use/cover in Omotosho Forest Reserve, Ondo State, Nigeria, and analysed changing pattern of land use/cover in the forest reserve. It also measured the extent of forest loss to different land uses, and examined the drivers of land use change in the forest reserve. These are with the view to determining the extent of forest degradation in the forest reserve. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and used primary and secondary datasets. The primary data included the coordinates of selected features (settlements, rivers and rocks) in the forest reserve, and these were obtained using a handheld Global Positioning System (GPS). They also included the responses of 36 Key Informants (six purposively selected adults (aged > 30 years) persons from six settlements around forest reserve). The secondary data were Landsat ETM+ 2000, Landsat OLI 2010, Sentinel 2015 and Sentinel 2020 satellite images of the study area. The satellite imageries were first processed and georeferenced using the coordinate values of the selected features, before they were analysed using remote sensing and Geographical Information Science procedures in ArcGIS (10.4 version). Derived values from the analysis were analysed using frequency and percentage distribution techniques. Responses of the key informants were analysed using content analysis. The results showed that the identified dominant land use/cover in the study area were dense forest (29,727 ha), shrubs (14,348 ha), farmland (13,462 ha), settlements (8,252 ha), open spaces (3,014 ha) and water bodies (699 ha). Results also showed that while farmland increased in area cover between the period of study (from 9,247 ha – 13,462 ha), areas covered by settlements also increased (from 4,718 ha – 8,252 ha), open spaces increased in area covered from (984 ha – 3,014 ha) and scrubs increased from 10,108 ha – 14,348 ha), amount of
- ItemOpen AccessExchange rate dynamics, trade openness and indusstrial productivity in Nigeria (1986-2019)(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Science, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2022) FAGBOYO, Rachel JolayemiThe study analysed the trends of exchange rate and industrial productivity in Nigeria (1986 - 2019). It also determined the dynamic interaction among exchange rate, trade openness and industrial productivity in Nigeria within the period. It also investigated the effects of exchange rate dynamics and trade openness impacts on industrial productivity in Nigeria in the study period. These were with a view to examine the relationship among exchange rate dynamics, trade openness and industrial productivity. Descriptive survey research design was adopted and annual secondary data between 1986 and 2019 were employed. Data on industrial productivity, exchange rate dynamics, trade openness, inflation rate, exchange rate, private sector credit, interest rate and real gross domestic product (GDP) were obtained from the annual publications of Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin, 2019 edition and World Bank Development Indicators, 2019. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, inferential statistics Vector Autoregressive and Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square Methods. The results showed that exchange rate is highly unstable in the system and industrial productivity witnessed a rise and a fall throughout the period under study. In addition, the results on the effect of exchange rate dynamics and trade openness on industrial productivity revealed a negative effect of exchange rate dynamics on industrial productivity in the long run (t = 2.34; p < 0.05). This implies that exchange rate dynamics exert a negative influence on industrial productivity and trade openness increases industrial productivity. Lastly, the results showed that private sector credit and real gross domestic have positive impact on industrial productivity in Nigeria (t = 15.39; p < 0.05) (t = 17.47; p< 0.05). xiii The study concluded that there was a positive relationship between trade openness and industrial productivity, and a negative relationship between exchange rate dynamics and industrial productivity in Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessPrevalence and determinants of unmet need for contraception among young women in southwestern Nigeria(Department of Demography and Social Statistics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) JAMES, Favour OsinachiThis study assessed the prevalence of unmet need for contraception among young women, examined the relationship between socio-demographic factors and unmet need for contraception, investigated the determinants of unmet need for contraception, and explored other socio-cultural factors underlying unmet need for contraception among young women in Southwestern, Nigeria. These were conducted with a view to understanding the causes as well as other socio-cultural factors underlying unmet need for contraception among young women in the research area. The study concluded that fear of side effect, finance, misinformation about contraception and fear of death were the underlying factors of unmet need for contraception among young women in Southwest Nigeria.
- ItemOpen AccessThe contribution of Benue State House of Assembly in the promotion of good governance [1999-2021](Department of political science, Faculty of social sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) ADOGA, AgboThe study ascertained the level of relationship that exists between the representative and the people they represent, identified the way by which Benue State House of Assembly equitably distribute public goods to its citizens, and examined the challenges faced by the Benue State House of Assembly (BSHA) in ensuring that good governance for the people of the state is attained or actualized. These were with a view to determining if the Benue State House of Assembly had lived up to its constitutional responsibility and the expectations of the people and able to promote good governance in the state. The study concluded Benue State House of Assembly (BSHA) have failed to live up to the expectations and responsibilities due to corruptions and political patronage, which limit their ability to promote good governance in the state.
- ItemOpen AccessA comparative analysis of health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth in selected Sub-Saharan African Countries (2000 - 2020)(Department of Economics, Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) Nmormah, Abaloku SylvesterThis study examined the trend of public and private health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth and appraised the health financing strategy of Nigeria, Ethiopia, DR Congo and South Africa. It also evaluated the effect of public and private health expenditure on health outcome and investigated the dynamic relationship among health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth in the study countries. This is with a view to determining the interrelationship among public and private health expenditure, health outcome and economic growth.
- ItemOpen AccessDifferential in pregnancy planning status among adolescents in Nigeria.(Department of Demography and Social Statistics , Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Yusuf, Ikuteyijo OlatunjiThe study examined the regional differentials in pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to examine the pregnancy planning status among adolescents in Nigeria, compared the socio-demographic factors influencing pregnancy planning status, and examine the influence of exposure to family planning information on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria. These were with a view to examining the similarities and differences factors that influences pregnancy planning status among adolescents in North and South Nigeria The study adopted a cross-sectional research design. The data for the study was obtained from the 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS). The study was based on a sample of 1,531 adolescents extracted from the NDHS data, who were either pregnant or already had a child. Nigeria was classified into six regions of North Central, North East, North West, South East, South South and South West was reclassified into two, namely: North (North Central, North East and North West) and South (South East, South South and South West). Data on the background characteristics of the respondents, information on family planning, women autonomy and pregnancy decision were extracted from individual recode dataset from the survey. The extracted quantitative data was analysed using frequency and percentage for the descriptive analysis and chi-square was used for the bivariate analysis while binary logistic regression was used for the multi-variant analysis. The result revealed that majority (93.5%) of adolescents’ pregnancy in the North were planned while only 41.2% of the adolescents’ pregnancy in the South were planned. It wasfound that marital status, religion and place of residence were significantly related to pregnancy planning status among adolescent in both North and South region, whereas socio-demographic factors like level of education, wealth index and parity had statistical significant relationship on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the North. The study further found that age as first birth influenced pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the South while husband/partner level of education and adolescents’ participation on healthcare decision had statistical significant influence on pregnancy planning status among adolescents in the North. The study found that adolescents in both North and South had a low level of exposure to family planning information. The study therefore concluded that pregnancy planning status among adolescents varied greatly by regional demographic and socio-demographic characteristics, therefore, in Intervention or policies on adolescents’ pregnancy should be regional specific.
- ItemOpen AccessAssessing the Flood Risks Associated with Sea Level Rise and Intense Rainfall in the Coastal City of Lagos State, Nigeria(Department of Geography, Faculty of Social sciences ,Obafemi Awolowo University, 2023) SALAMI, Moses AdelakunThis study examined variability and trends in the magnitude-frequency of intense rainfall between the years 2000 and 2021 in the coastal area of Lagos; investigated variability and trend in the sea level of the Gulf of Guinea part of the Atlantic Ocean bordering the study area; investigated the relationship between sea level rise and magnitude-frequency of rainfall and flooding in the area; and assessed the flood risks associated with the sea level rise and magnitude-frequency of intense rainfall in the study area. These were with a view to determining the flood risks associated with rising sea levels and increasing frequency and magnitude of intense rainfall in the study area.
- ItemOpen AccessStabilisation Policy and Macroeconomic Performance in Nigeria (1981-2020)(Department of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University., 2023) Adelere, Aanuoluwa Victor.The study appraised fiscal policy, monetary policy and trade policy in Nigeria from 1981 - 2020, examined the role of trade policy on the relationship between stabilisation policy and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria and investigated the effect of external shock on macroeconomic performance in Nigeria. These were done with a view to determining the effect of trade policy on macroeconomic stability. Annual secondary data on gross domestic product, inflation, exchange rate, interest rate, government expenditure, trade globalisation, terms of trade, oil price were sourced from the database of World Bank, Central Bank of Nigeria, Swiss Economic Institute and Energy Information Administration for the period under study (1980-2020). Data were analysed with Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Regression Models. The regression outcome revealed that fiscal policy, monetary policy and trade policy had not been effective in stabilising the Nigerian economy as there was a wide margin between the actual results and the desired outcomes of price stability, reduced unemployment and diversification of the Nigerian economy. Also, the results showed that trade policy played a adverse role in the interaction between stabilisation policies and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria (t = -8.6028; p < 0.05). Lastly, the results showed that external shocks account for significant fluctuations in the macroeconomic performance of Nigeria as there was a wide deviation of macroeconomic performance indicators from the stability threshold (0) as revealed by the impulse response graph. The study concluded that trade policy had a negative and significant effect on the relationship between stabilisation policy and macroeconomic performance in Nigeria.