Department of Child Dental Health- Journal Articles
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- ItemOpen AccessGetting to zero the biomedical way in Africa: outcomes of deliberation at the 2013 Biomedical HIV Prevention Forum in Abuja, Nigeria.(Springer Link, 2014-09-11) Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Gottemoeller, Megan; Mburu, Rosemary; Brown, BrandonOver the last few decades, biomedical HIV prevention research had engaged multiple African stakeholders. There have however been few platforms to enable regional stakeholders to engage with one another. In partnership with the World AIDS Campaign International, the Institute of Public Health of Obafemi Awolowo University, and the National Agency for the Control of AIDS in Nigeria, the New HIV Vaccine and Microbicide Advocacy Society hosted a forum on biomedical HIV prevention research in Africa. Stakeholders' present explored evidences related to biomedical HIV prevention research and development in Africa, and made recommendations to inform policy, guidelines and future research agenda.
- ItemOpen AccessFactors Associated With Experiences of Fear, Anxiety, Depression, and Changes in Sleep Pattern During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Adults in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study(Frontiers in Public Health, 2022-03-02) Moroj A. AldarmasiFor many individuals, the COVID-19 pandemic has been a source of fear, depression, and anxiety; all of which can lead to changes in sleep quality and patterns. Multiple facets and characteristics of the pandemic can be attributed to these outcomes. Concerns about mortality and morbidity associated with the COVID-19, scarcity of financial resources, and uncertainty about time of recovery from associated financial hardships are partly to blame (1). Patients with COVID-19 also fear abandonment, feelings of isolation and psychological sufferings (1). Some may fear infecting friends and family members, otherwise known as contamination fear (2–4). The fear of the unknown appears to be a core component of anxiety that accompanies situations that are unpredictable and uncontrollable (5, 6). Fear of these threats is often learned, irrespective of the probability of its occurrence, and results from the inability to tolerate uncertainty (7). The intolerance of uncertainty is also related to depressive symptomatology, and the fear of COVID-19 may explain part of the relation (8). The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with up to a seven times higher prevalence of depression (9) and over 25% mental deterioration in some populations (10, 11). Persons with prior history of mental health disorders had higher rates of depression during the pandemic (12). Depressive symptoms were associated with testing positive for COVID-19 or having COVID-19 symptoms, exposure to social media, poor social support, unemployment, uncertainty about the future of jobs, and careers and economic crisis, especially for students (9). As with fear, depression is associated with anxiety (13, 14). The prevalence of anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher than 30% (15); and anxiety is higher in people with poor health (16). Anxiety disorder may lead to dysfunctional arousal that in turn results in persistent sleep-wake difficulties such as insomnia and hypersomnia (17, 18). Sleep disturbance is also a diagnostic symptom for generalized anxiety disorder (19), with young people being the worse-affected (20). Though the prevalence of sleep problems, fear, anxiety and depression increased during the pandemic (21, 22), the impact may, however, differ between populations (23, 24). Fear, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder may be lower in the general population than it is in populations living with co-morbidities. Understanding the association between negative emotions and sleep pattern during the COVID-19 pandemic is important. However, research in this field is scarce (20). We hypothesize that respondent's COVID-19 related status would be associated with the experience of fear, depression, anxiety and changes in sleep pattern during the pandemic; that more people living with HIV will experience fear, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder; and that more people with fear, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder will use COVID-19 preventive measures.
- ItemOpen AccessPsychosocial, education, economic factors, decision-making ability, and caries status of mothers of children younger than 6 years in suburban Nigeria.(BMC Oral Health., 2020-05-06T00:00:00Z) FOLAYAN, Morenike Oluwatoyin; El Tantawi, Maha; Oginni, Ayodeji; Adeniyi, Abiola; Alade, Michael; Finlayson, Tracy LLittle information is available on the relationship between mothers' psychosocial profile and caries status, and less information is available on the oral health status and psychosocial status of mothers of young children in Africa. This study examined the association between the psychosocial profile of mothers in Nigeria and their prevalence of caries.
- ItemOpen AccessSatisfaction with use of public health and peer-led facilities for HIV prevention services by key populations in Nigeria.(BMC Health Services Research., 2019-11-21T00:00:00Z) Ochonye, Bartholomew; Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Fatusi, Adesegun O; Emmanuel, Godwin; Adepoju, Oluwatomi; Ajidagba, Babatunde; Jaiyebo, Toluwanimi; Umoh, Paul; Yusuf, AyoThe aim of the study was to identify the proportion of female sex workers, men who have sex with men, and people who inject drugs who had accessed HIV prevention services at public health facilities and peer-led facilities, their level of satisfaction with these services, and perceived barriers and challenges to accessing HIV services from public and peer-led HIV prevention service providers.
- ItemOpen AccessEpidemiological profile of early childhood caries in a sub-urban population in Nigeria(BMC, 2021-08-23) Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan; Ayodeji Babatunde Oginni; Maha El Tantawi; Tracy L. Finlayson; Abiola AdeniyiBackground: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and severity of early childhood caries (ECC) in children 6–71-months; identify the teeth most at risk for ECC; and identify risk indicators associated with significant caries index (SiC) score in different age groups. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that collected data (using a household survey) on the ECC risk indicators (frequency of tooth brushing, consumption of refined carbohydrate in-between-meals, daily use of fluoridated toothpaste, and dental service utilization in the 12 months) in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. We computed the prevalence of ECC using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDASI (d1–6)) index; caries severity using the ICDAS-2(d1–2) and ICDAS-3(d3–6) for non-cavitated and cavitated lesions respectively, decayed missing, filled teeth (dmft), and surfaces (dmfs) and SiC indices; and caries complications using the pulp (p), ulceration (u), fistula (f) and abscesses (a) (pufa) index, for children 6–11-months-old, 12–23-months-old, 23–35-months-old, 35–47-months-old; 48–59-months-old and 60–71-months-old. The differences in the mean dmft, dmfs, pufa scores, and ICDAS 1, 2, and 3 scores, and proportion of children with each ECC risk indicator were computed. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify risk indicators for the ECC SiC index score for each age group. Results: The prevalence of ECC was 4.7%: 2.9% had non-cavitated lesions and 2.8% had cavitated lesions. The mean (SD) dmft, dmfs and pufa scores were 0.13 (0.92), 0.24 (1.91) and 0.04 (0.46) respectively. The dmft and dmfs scores were highest among the 24–35-months-olds while the SiC score was highest among the 12–23-months-olds. There were no significant differences in dmft, dmfs, and pufa scores between the different age groups. Toothbrushing more than once a day was the only factor associated with the SiC score: it decreases the odds for the SiC score in children 48–59-months-old. The teeth worst affected by ECC were #85 and #61. Conclusion: The prevalence, severity and risk indicator for ECC seems to differ for each age group. The granular details on the risk profile of children with ECC in this population with a low ECC prevalence and burden can allow for the planning of age-targeted interventions