Department of Child Dental Health- Journal Articles
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- ItemOpen AccessSex differences in the experience of COVID-19 post-traumatic stress symptoms by adults in South Africa(BMC Psychiatry, 2022) Ntombifuthi P. Nzimande; Maha El Tantawi; Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga; Richmond Opoku-Sarkodie; Brandon Brown; Oliver C. Ezechi; Benjamin S. C. Uzochukwu; Passent Ellakany; Nourhan M. Aly; Annie Lu Nguyen; Morenike Oluwatoyin FolayanBackground The COVID-19 pandemic has created multiple mental health challenges. Many residents in South Africa face pre-existing elevated levels of stress and the pandemic may have had varying impacts on sub-populations. The aims of this study were to determine: 1) the factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and 2) sex differences in the factors associated with PTSS in adults residing in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Study participants aged 18 years and above, were recruited for this cross-sectional study through an online survey implemented from June 29, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The outcome variable was PTSS; explanatory variables were sex at birth, COVID-19 status, social isolation and access to emotional support. Confounders considered were age, education level completed and current work status. Logistic regressions were used to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables Outcomes There were 489 respondents. Among all respondents, those who were older (AOR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95 – 0.99) and had access to emotional support from family and relatives (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.14 – 0.53) had significantly lower odds of PTSS. Respondents who felt socially isolated had higher odds of PTSS (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.08 – 1.27). Females had higher PTSS scores and higher odds of PTSS compared to males (AOR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.41-3.39). Females (AOR: 0.27; 95% CI: 0.08 – 0.95) and males (AOR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.59) who had access to emotional support had significantly lower odds of PTSS than those who had no support. Females (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04 -1.27) and males (AOR: 1.19; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.59) who felt socially isolated had higher odds of PTSS compared to those who did not feel socially isolated. Interpretation Compared to males, females had higher scores and higher odds of reporting PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Access to emotional support ameliorated the odds of having PTSS for both sexes, while feeling socially isolated worsened the odds for both sexes.
- ItemOpen AccessA scoping review on the association of early childhood caries and maternal gender inequality.(BMC Oral Health, 2023-07-26) Ivy Guofang Sun; Duangporn Duangthip; Charis Hiu-Kei Kwok; Chun Hung Chu; Yasmi O. Crystal; Robert J. Schroth; Carlos Alberto Feldens; Jorma I. Virtanen; Ola Barakat Al-Batayneh; Balgis Gaffar; Tshepiso Mfolo; Maha El Tantawi; Simin Z. Mohebbi; Hamideh Daryanavard; Morenike Oluwatoyin; Early Childhood Caries Advocacy Group (ECCAG)Aim The objective of this scoping review is to present current evidence regarding the association between early childhood caries (ECC) and maternal-related gender inequality. Methods Two independent reviewers performed a comprehensive literature search using three databases: EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. Literature published in English from 2012 to 2022 was included in the search and was restricted to only primary research by using the following key terms: "dental caries", "tooth decay", "gender", "sex", "preschool", "toddler," and "infant". The included studies were limited to those reporting an association between ECC and maternal aspects related to gender inequality. Titles and abstracts were screened, and irrelevant publications were excluded. The full text of the remaining papers was retrieved and used to perform the review. The critical appraisal of selected studies was guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. Results Among 1,103 studies from the three databases, 425 articles were identified based on publication years between 2012 and 2022. After full-text screening, five articles were included in the qualitative analysis for this review. No published study was found regarding a direct association between ECC and maternal gender inequality at the level of individuals. Five included studies reported on the association between ECC and potential maternal-gender-related inequality factors, including the mother’s education level (n = 4), employment status (n = 1), and age (n = 1). Regarding the quality of the included studies, out of five, two studies met all JBI criteria, while three partially met the criteria.
- ItemOpen AccessOral health practices and oral hygiene status as indicators of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Southwest Nigeria.(Plos One, 2021) Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin; Tantawi, Maha El; Oginni, Olakunle; Oziegbe, Elizabeth; Mapayi, Boladale; Arowolo, Olaniyi; Adeniyi, Abiola Adetokunbo; Sam-Agudu, Nadia AOral health is a less-recognized correlate of overall and mental wellbeing. This study aimed to assess the relationship between suicidal behavior (ideation and attempt) and oral health practices and status, and to determine the effect of sex on these associations among Nigerian adolescents.
- ItemOpen AccessFacial nerve palsy: analysis of cases reported in children in a suburban hospital in Nigeria(Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 2013-12-08) MO Folayan; RI Arobieke; E Eziyi; EO Oyetola; J ElusiyanThe study describes the epidemiology, treatment, and treatment outcomes of the 10 cases of facial nerve palsy seen in children managed at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile‑Ife over a 10 year period. It also compares findings with report from developed countries. Methodology: This was a retrospective cohort review of pediatric cases of facial nerve palsy encountered in all the clinics run by specialists in the above named hospital. A diagnosis of facial palsy was based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Information retrieved from the case note included sex, age, number of days with lesion prior to presentation in the clinic, diagnosis, treatment, treatment outcome, and referral clinic. Findings: Only 10 cases of facial nerve palsy were diagnosed in the institution during the study period. Prevalence of facial nerve palsy in this hospital was 0.01%. The lesion more commonly affected males and the right side of the face. All cases were associated with infections: Mainly mumps (70% of cases). Case management include the use of steroids and eye pads for cases that presented within 7 days; and steroids, eye pad, and physical therapy for cases that presented later. All cases of facial nerve palsy associated with mumps and malaria infection fully recovered. The two cases of facial nerve palsy associated with otitis media only partially recovered. Conclusion: Facial nerve palsy in pediatric patients is more commonly associated with mumps in the study environment. Successes are recorded with steroid therapy.
- ItemOpen AccessGlobal burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.(Elsevier Ltd, 2020-10-17T00:00:00Z) Other authors, see article; Morenike O. AfolayanIn an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries.